Fix parsing of special chars in X509 DN values

Use escape mechanism defined in RFC 1779 when parsing commas and other
special characters in X509 DN values. Resolves failures when generating
a certificate with a CSR containing a comma in subject value.
Fixes #769.

Signed-off-by: Werner Lewis <werner.lewis@arm.com>
diff --git a/ChangeLog.d/fix-csr_subject_commas.txt b/ChangeLog.d/fix-csr_subject_commas.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d497b12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ChangeLog.d/fix-csr_subject_commas.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Bugfix
+   * Fix string representation of DNs when parsing values containing commas,
+     conforming to RFC 1779. Fixes #769.
diff --git a/library/x509.c b/library/x509.c
index 17d1030..4ff4828 100644
--- a/library/x509.c
+++ b/library/x509.c
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@
 int mbedtls_x509_dn_gets( char *buf, size_t size, const mbedtls_x509_name *dn )
 {
     int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ERROR_CORRUPTION_DETECTED;
-    size_t i, n;
+    size_t i, j, n;
     unsigned char c, merge = 0;
     const mbedtls_x509_name *name;
     const char *short_name = NULL;
@@ -775,17 +775,24 @@
             ret = mbedtls_snprintf( p, n, "\?\?=" );
         MBEDTLS_X509_SAFE_SNPRINTF;
 
-        for( i = 0; i < name->val.len; i++ )
+        for( i = 0, j = 0; i < name->val.len; i++, j++ )
         {
-            if( i >= sizeof( s ) - 1 )
-                break;
+            if( j >= sizeof( s ) - 1 )
+                return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL );
 
             c = name->val.p[i];
+            // Special characters requiring escaping, RFC 1779
+            if( c && strchr( ",=+<>#;\"\\", c ) )
+            {
+                if( j + 1 >= sizeof( s ) - 1 )
+                    continue;
+                s[j++] = '\\';
+            }
             if( c < 32 || c >= 127 )
-                 s[i] = '?';
-            else s[i] = c;
+                 s[j] = '?';
+            else s[j] = c;
         }
-        s[i] = '\0';
+        s[j] = '\0';
         ret = mbedtls_snprintf( p, n, "%s", s );
         MBEDTLS_X509_SAFE_SNPRINTF;
 
diff --git a/tests/data_files/Makefile b/tests/data_files/Makefile
index c0ad9b0..6187d17 100644
--- a/tests/data_files/Makefile
+++ b/tests/data_files/Makefile
@@ -909,6 +909,10 @@
 	$(MBEDTLS_CERT_REQ) output_file=$@ filename=$< subject_name="C=NL,O=PolarSSL,CN=PolarSSL Server 1" md=SHA1 force_ns_cert_type=1
 all_final += server1.req.cert_type_empty
 
+server1.req.commas.sha256: server1.key
+	$(MBEDTLS_CERT_REQ) output_file=$@ filename=$< subject_name="C=NL,O=PolarSSL\, Commas,CN=PolarSSL Server 1" md=SHA256
+all_final += server1.req.commas.sha256
+
 # server2*
 
 server2_pwd_ec = PolarSSLTest
@@ -966,7 +970,9 @@
 	$(MBEDTLS_CERT_WRITE) request_file=server1.req.sha256 issuer_crt=$(test_ca_crt) issuer_key=$(test_ca_key_file_rsa) issuer_pwd=$(test_ca_pwd_rsa) not_before=20190210144406 not_after=20290210144406 md=SHA1 authority_identifier=0 version=3 output_file=$@
 server1.der: server1.crt
 	$(OPENSSL) x509 -inform PEM -in $< -outform DER -out $@
-all_final += server1.crt server1.noauthid.crt server1.crt.der
+server1.commas.crt: server1.key server1.req.commas.sha256 $(test_ca_crt) $(test_ca_key_file_rsa)
+	$(MBEDTLS_CERT_WRITE) request_file=server1.req.commas.sha256 issuer_crt=$(test_ca_crt) issuer_key=$(test_ca_key_file_rsa) issuer_pwd=$(test_ca_pwd_rsa) version=1 not_before=20190210144406 not_after=20290210144406 md=SHA1 version=3 output_file=$@
+all_final += server1.crt server1.noauthid.crt server1.crt.der server1.commas.crt
 
 server1.key_usage.crt: server1.key server1.req.sha256 $(test_ca_crt) $(test_ca_key_file_rsa)
 	$(MBEDTLS_CERT_WRITE) request_file=server1.req.sha256 issuer_crt=$(test_ca_crt) issuer_key=$(test_ca_key_file_rsa) issuer_pwd=$(test_ca_pwd_rsa) version=1 not_before=20190210144406 not_after=20290210144406 md=SHA1 key_usage=digital_signature,non_repudiation,key_encipherment version=3 output_file=$@
diff --git a/tests/data_files/server1.commas.crt b/tests/data_files/server1.commas.crt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5acd255
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data_files/server1.commas.crt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/tests/data_files/server1.req.commas.sha256 b/tests/data_files/server1.req.commas.sha256
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0287a31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data_files/server1.req.commas.sha256
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
diff --git a/tests/suites/test_suite_x509parse.data b/tests/suites/test_suite_x509parse.data
index f62fba3..04831c9 100644
--- a/tests/suites/test_suite_x509parse.data
+++ b/tests/suites/test_suite_x509parse.data
@@ -294,6 +294,10 @@
 depends_on:MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C:MBEDTLS_SHA512_C:MBEDTLS_RSA_C:!MBEDTLS_X509_REMOVE_INFO
 mbedtls_x509_csr_info:"data_files/server1.req.sha512":"CSR version   \: 1\nsubject name  \: C=NL, O=PolarSSL, CN=PolarSSL Server 1\nsigned using  \: RSA with SHA-512\nRSA key size  \: 2048 bits\n"
 
+X509 CSR Information RSA with SHA-256, containing commas
+depends_on:MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C:MBEDTLS_SHA256_C:MBEDTLS_RSA_C:MBEDTS_X509_INFO
+mbedtls_x509_csr_info:"data_files/server1.req.commas.sha256":"CSR version   \: 1\nsubject name  \: C=NL, O=PolarSSL\, Commas, CN=PolarSSL Server 1\nsigned using  \: RSA with SHA-256\nRSA key size  \: 2048 bits\n"
+
 X509 CSR Information EC with SHA1
 depends_on:MBEDTLS_ECDSA_C:MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C:MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256R1_ENABLED:MBEDTLS_SHA1_C:!MBEDTLS_X509_REMOVE_INFO
 mbedtls_x509_csr_info:"data_files/server5.req.sha1":"CSR version   \: 1\nsubject name  \: C=NL, O=PolarSSL, CN=localhost\nsigned using  \: ECDSA with SHA1\nEC key size   \: 256 bits\n"
@@ -375,6 +379,10 @@
 depends_on:MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C:MBEDTLS_RSA_C:MBEDTLS_SHA1_C
 mbedtls_x509_dn_gets:"data_files/server2.crt":"issuer":"C=NL, O=PolarSSL, CN=PolarSSL Test CA"
 
+X509 Get Distinguished Name #5
+depends_on:MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C:MBEDTLS_RSA_C:MBEDTLS_SHA1_C
+mbedtls_x509_dn_gets:"data_files/server1.commas.crt":"subject":"C=NL, O=PolarSSL\, Commas, CN=PolarSSL Server 1"
+
 X509 Get Next DN #1 No Multivalue RDNs
 mbedtls_x509_dn_get_next:"C=NL, O=PolarSSL, CN=PolarSSL Server 1":0:"C O CN":3:"C=NL, O=PolarSSL, CN=PolarSSL Server 1"
 
diff --git a/tests/suites/test_suite_x509write.data b/tests/suites/test_suite_x509write.data
index 8d9a11a..91fdd86 100644
--- a/tests/suites/test_suite_x509write.data
+++ b/tests/suites/test_suite_x509write.data
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
 x509_crt_check:"data_files/server5.key":"":"C=NL,O=PolarSSL,CN=PolarSSL Server 1":"data_files/test-ca2.key":"PolarSSLTest":"C=NL,O=PolarSSL,CN=Polarssl Test EC CA":"1":"20190210144406":"20290210144406":MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256:0:0:0:0:1:-1:"":2:0:"data_files/test-ca2.crt"
 
 X509 String to Names #1
-mbedtls_x509_string_to_names:"C=NL,O=Offspark\, Inc., OU=PolarSSL":"C=NL, O=Offspark, Inc., OU=PolarSSL":0
+mbedtls_x509_string_to_names:"C=NL,O=Offspark\, Inc., OU=PolarSSL":"C=NL, O=Offspark\, Inc., OU=PolarSSL":0
 
 X509 String to Names #2
 mbedtls_x509_string_to_names:"C=NL, O=Offspark, Inc., OU=PolarSSL":"":MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_UNKNOWN_OID