bignum_mod: Adjusted input checking for `mbedtls_mpi_mod_residue_setup()`

This patch adjusts the logic of the size checking of the method,
and refactors the tests. Documentation has also been updated.

Signed-off-by: Minos Galanakis <minos.galanakis@arm.com>
diff --git a/library/bignum_mod.c b/library/bignum_mod.c
index 6c13b4b..770e633 100644
--- a/library/bignum_mod.c
+++ b/library/bignum_mod.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
                                    mbedtls_mpi_uint *p,
                                    size_t p_limbs )
 {
-    if( p_limbs > m->limbs || !mbedtls_mpi_core_lt_ct( p, m->p, m->limbs ) )
+    if( p_limbs > m->limbs || !mbedtls_mpi_core_lt_ct( p, m->p, p_limbs ) )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
     r->limbs = m->limbs;