Fix corner case uses of memory_buffer_alloc.c

The corner cases fixed include:
    * Allocating a buffer of size 0. With this change, the allocator now
      returns a NULL pointer in this case. Note that changes in pem.c and
      x509_crl.c were required to fix tests that did not work under this
      assumption.
    * Initialising the allocator with less memory than required for headers.
    * Fix header chain checks for uninitialised allocator.
diff --git a/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c b/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c
index 545d5a2..0d3342d 100644
--- a/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c
+++ b/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c
@@ -182,9 +182,9 @@
 
 static int verify_chain()
 {
-    memory_header *prv = heap.first, *cur = heap.first->next;
+    memory_header *prv = heap.first, *cur;
 
-    if( verify_header( heap.first ) != 0 )
+    if( heap.first == NULL || verify_header( heap.first ) != 0 )
     {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG)
         mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "FATAL: verification of first header "
@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@
         return( 1 );
     }
 
+    cur = heap.first->next;
+
     while( cur != NULL )
     {
         if( verify_header( cur ) != 0 )
@@ -245,7 +247,9 @@
 
     original_len = len = n * size;
 
-    if( n != 0 && len / n != size )
+    if( n == 0 || size == 0 || len / n != size )
+        return( NULL );
+    else if( len > (size_t)-MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
         return( NULL );
 
     if( len % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
@@ -386,7 +390,7 @@
     if( ptr == NULL || heap.buf == NULL || heap.first == NULL )
         return;
 
-    if( p < heap.buf || p > heap.buf + heap.len )
+    if( p < heap.buf || p >= heap.buf + heap.len )
     {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG)
         mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "FATAL: mbedtls_free() outside of managed "
@@ -570,8 +574,7 @@
 
 void mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_init( unsigned char *buf, size_t len )
 {
-    memset( &heap, 0, sizeof(buffer_alloc_ctx) );
-    memset( buf, 0, len );
+    memset( &heap, 0, sizeof( buffer_alloc_ctx ) );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     mbedtls_mutex_init( &heap.mutex );
@@ -581,20 +584,24 @@
     mbedtls_platform_set_calloc_free( buffer_alloc_calloc, buffer_alloc_free );
 #endif
 
-    if( (size_t) buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
+    if( len < sizeof( memory_header ) + MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
+        return;
+    else if( (size_t)buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
     {
         /* Adjust len first since buf is used in the computation */
         len -= MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE
-             - (size_t) buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
+             - (size_t)buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
         buf += MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE
-             - (size_t) buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
+             - (size_t)buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
     }
 
+    memset( buf, 0, len );
+
     heap.buf = buf;
     heap.len = len;
 
-    heap.first = (memory_header *) buf;
-    heap.first->size = len - sizeof(memory_header);
+    heap.first = (memory_header *)buf;
+    heap.first->size = len - sizeof( memory_header );
     heap.first->magic1 = MAGIC1;
     heap.first->magic2 = MAGIC2;
     heap.first_free = heap.first;