diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index fe588a4..7b50534 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -2,30 +2,7 @@
 
 = mbed TLS x.x.x branch released xxxx-xx-xx
 
-Security
-   * Fix a bug in the X.509 module potentially leading to a buffer overread
-     during CRT verification or to invalid or omitted checks for certificate
-     validity. The former can be triggered remotely, while the latter requires
-     a non DER-compliant certificate correctly signed by a trusted CA, or a
-     trusted CA with a non DER-compliant certificate. Found by luocm on GitHub.
-     Fixes #825.
-
-Features
-   * Add option MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES to dynamically compute 3/4 of the AES tables
-     during runtime, thereby reducing the RAM/ROM footprint by ~6kb. Suggested
-     and contributed by jkivilin in #394.
-   * Add initial support for Curve448 (RFC 7748). Only mbedtls_ecp_mul() and
-     ECDH primitive functions (mbedtls_ecdh_gen_public(),
-     mbedtls_ecdh_compute_shared()) are supported for now. Contributed by
-     Nicholas Wilson (#348).
-
 API Changes
-   * Add function mbedtls_net_poll to public API allowing to wait for a
-     network context to become ready for reading or writing.
-   * Add function mbedtls_ssl_check_pending to public API allowing to check
-     if more data is pending to be processed in the internal message buffers.
-     This function is necessary to determine when it is safe to idle on the
-     underlying transport in case event-driven IO is used.
    * Extend the platform module with a util component that contains
      functionality shared by multiple Mbed TLS modules. At this stage
      platform_util.h (and its associated platform_util.c) only contain
@@ -36,8 +13,49 @@
      Therefore, mbedtls_platform_zeroize() is moved to the platform module to
      facilitate testing and maintenance.
 
+= mbed TLS 2.9.0 branch released 2018-04-30
+
+Security
+   * Fix an issue in the X.509 module which could lead to a buffer overread
+     during certificate validation. Additionally, the issue could also lead to
+     unnecessary callback checks being made or to some validation checks to be
+     omitted. The overread could be triggered remotely, while the other issues
+     would require a non DER-compliant certificate to be correctly signed by a
+     trusted CA, or a trusted CA with a non DER-compliant certificate. Found by
+     luocm. Fixes #825.
+   * Fix the buffer length assertion in the ssl_parse_certificate_request()
+     function which led to an arbitrary overread of the message buffer. The
+     overreads could be caused by receiving a malformed message at the point
+     where an optional signature algorithms list is expected when the signature
+     algorithms section is too short. In builds with debug output, the overread
+     data is output with the debug data.
+   * Fix a client-side bug in the validation of the server's ciphersuite choice
+     which could potentially lead to the client accepting a ciphersuite it didn't
+     offer or a ciphersuite that cannot be used with the TLS or DTLS version
+     chosen by the server. This could lead to corruption of internal data
+     structures for some configurations.
+
+Features
+   * Add an option, MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES, to dynamically compute smaller AES
+     tables during runtime, thereby reducing the RAM/ROM footprint by ~6KiB.
+     Suggested and contributed by jkivilin in pull request #394.
+   * Add initial support for Curve448 (RFC 7748). Only mbedtls_ecp_mul() and
+     ECDH primitive functions (mbedtls_ecdh_gen_public(),
+     mbedtls_ecdh_compute_shared()) are supported for now. Contributed by
+     Nicholas Wilson in pull request #348.
+
+API Changes
+   * Extend the public API with the function of mbedtls_net_poll() to allow user
+     applications to wait for a network context to become ready before reading
+     or writing.
+   * Add function mbedtls_ssl_check_pending() to the public API to allow
+     a check for whether more more data is pending to be processed in the
+     internal message buffers.
+     This function is necessary to determine when it is safe to idle on the
+     underlying transport in case event-driven IO is used.
+
 Bugfix
-   * Fix spurious uninitialized variable warning in cmac.c. Fix independently
+   * Fix a spurious uninitialized variable warning in cmac.c. Fix independently
      contributed by Brian J Murray and David Brown.
    * Add missing dependencies in test suites that led to build failures
      in configurations that omit certain hashes or public-key algorithms.
@@ -45,15 +63,16 @@
    * Fix C89 incompatibility in benchmark.c. Contributed by Brendan Shanks.
      #1353
    * Add missing dependencies for MBEDTLS_HAVE_TIME_DATE and
-     MBEDTLS_VERSION_FEATURES in test suites. Contributed by Deomid Ryabkov.
-     Fixes #1299, #1475.
-   * Fix dynamic library building process with Makefile on Mac OS X. Fixed by
-     mnacamura.
+     MBEDTLS_VERSION_FEATURES in some test suites. Contributed by
+     Deomid Ryabkov. Fixes #1299, #1475.
+   * Fix the Makefile build process for building shared libraries on Mac OS X.
+     Fixed by mnacamura.
    * Fix parsing of PKCS#8 encoded Elliptic Curve keys. Previously Mbed TLS was
-     unable to parse keys with only the optional parameters field of the
-     ECPrivateKey structure. Found by jethrogb, fixed in #1379.
-   * Return plaintext data sooner on unpadded CBC decryption, as stated in
-     the mbedtls_cipher_update() documentation. Contributed by Andy Leiserson.
+     unable to parse keys which had only the optional parameters field of the
+     ECPrivateKey structure. Found by Jethro Beekman, fixed in #1379.
+   * Return the plaintext data more quickly on unpadded CBC decryption, as
+     stated in the mbedtls_cipher_update() documentation. Contributed by
+     Andy Leiserson.
    * Fix overriding and ignoring return values when parsing and writing to
      a file in pk_sign program. Found by kevlut in #1142.
    * Restrict usage of error code MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ to situations
@@ -61,24 +80,32 @@
      to make progress. Previously, this error code was also occasionally
      returned when unexpected messages were being discarded, ignoring that
      further messages could potentially already be pending to be processed
-     in the internal buffers; these cases lead to deadlocks in case
-     event-driven I/O was used.
-     Found and reported by Hubert Mis in #772.
+     in the internal buffers; these cases led to deadlocks when event-driven
+     I/O was used. Found and reported by Hubert Mis in #772.
+   * Fix buffer length assertions in the ssl_parse_certificate_request()
+     function which leads to a potential one byte overread of the message
+     buffer.
+   * Fix invalid buffer sizes passed to zlib during record compression and
+     decompression.
+   * Fix the soversion of libmbedcrypto to match the soversion of the
+     maintained 2.7 branch. The soversion was increased in Mbed TLS
+     version 2.7.1 to reflect breaking changes in that release, but the
+     increment was missed in 2.8.0 and later releases outside of the 2.7 branch.
 
 Changes
    * Remove some redundant code in bignum.c. Contributed by Alexey Skalozub.
-   * Support cmake build where Mbed TLS is a subproject. Fix
-     contributed independently by Matthieu Volat and Arne Schwabe.
+   * Support cmake builds where Mbed TLS is a subproject. Fix contributed
+     independently by Matthieu Volat and Arne Schwabe.
    * Improve testing in configurations that omit certain hashes or
      public-key algorithms. Includes contributions by Gert van Dijk.
    * Improve negative testing of X.509 parsing.
    * Do not define global mutexes around readdir() and gmtime() in
      configurations where the feature is disabled. Found and fixed by Gergely
      Budai.
-   * Harden mbedtls_ssl_config_free() against misuse, so that it doesn't
-     leak memory in case the user doesn't use mbedtls_ssl_conf_psk() and
-     instead incorrectly manipulates conf->psk and/or conf->psk_identity
-     directly. Found and fix submitted by junyeonLEE in #1220.
+   * Harden the function mbedtls_ssl_config_free() against misuse, so that it
+     doesn't leak memory if the user doesn't use mbedtls_ssl_conf_psk() and
+     instead incorrectly manipulates the configuration structure directly.
+     Found and fix submitted by junyeonLEE in #1220.
    * Provide an empty implementation of mbedtls_pkcs5_pbes2() when
      MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C is not enabled. This allows the use of PBKDF2
      without PBES2. Fixed by Marcos Del Sol Vives.
@@ -89,7 +116,7 @@
      Krylov.
    * Improve the documentation of mbedtls_ssl_write(). Suggested by
      Paul Sokolovsky in #1356.
-   * Add an option in the makefile to support ar utilities where the operation
+   * Add an option in the Makefile to support ar utilities where the operation
      letter must not be prefixed by '-', such as LLVM. Found and fixed by
      Alex Hixon.
    * Allow configuring the shared library extension by setting the DLEXT
@@ -102,6 +129,14 @@
    * Improve robustness of mbedtls_ssl_derive_keys against the use of
      HMAC functions with non-HMAC ciphersuites. Independently contributed
      by Jiayuan Chen in #1377. Fixes #1437.
+   * Improve security of RSA key generation by including criteria from
+     FIPS 186-4. Contributed by Jethro Beekman. #1380
+   * Declare functions in header files even when an alternative implementation
+     of the corresponding module is activated by defining the corresponding
+     MBEDTLS_XXX_ALT macro. This means that alternative implementations do
+     not need to copy the declarations, and ensures that they will have the
+     same API.
+   * Add platform setup and teardown calls in test suites.
 
 = mbed TLS 2.8.0 branch released 2018-03-16
 
@@ -299,7 +334,7 @@
    * Fix ssl_parse_record_header() to silently discard invalid DTLS records
      as recommended in RFC 6347 Section 4.1.2.7.
    * Fix memory leak in mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname() when called multiple times.
-     Found by projectgus and jethrogb, #836.
+     Found by projectgus and Jethro Beekman, #836.
    * Fix usage help in ssl_server2 example. Found and fixed by Bei Lin.
    * Parse signature algorithm extension when renegotiating. Previously,
      renegotiated handshakes would only accept signatures using SHA-1
@@ -493,8 +528,7 @@
      Previous behaviour was to keep processing data even after the alert has
      been sent.
    * Accept empty trusted CA chain in authentication mode
-     MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL.
-     Found by jethrogb. #864
+     MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL. Found by Jethro Beekman. #864
    * Fix implementation of mbedtls_ssl_parse_certificate() to not annihilate
      fatal errors in authentication mode MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL and to
      reflect bad EC curves within verification result.
diff --git a/doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h b/doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h
index 7952cbc..e27c221 100644
--- a/doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h
+++ b/doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  */
 
 /**
- * @mainpage mbed TLS v2.8.0 source code documentation
+ * @mainpage mbed TLS v2.9.0 source code documentation
  *
  * This documentation describes the internal structure of mbed TLS.  It was
  * automatically generated from specially formatted comment blocks in
diff --git a/doxygen/mbedtls.doxyfile b/doxygen/mbedtls.doxyfile
index 3592af2..510fa85 100644
--- a/doxygen/mbedtls.doxyfile
+++ b/doxygen/mbedtls.doxyfile
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 # identify the project. Note that if you do not use Doxywizard you need
 # to put quotes around the project name if it contains spaces.
 
-PROJECT_NAME           = "mbed TLS v2.8.0"
+PROJECT_NAME           = "mbed TLS v2.9.0"
 
 # The PROJECT_NUMBER tag can be used to enter a project or revision number.
 # This could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@
 # directories that are symbolic links (a Unix file system feature) are excluded
 # from the input.
 
-EXCLUDE_SYMLINKS       = NO
+EXCLUDE_SYMLINKS       = YES
 
 # If the value of the INPUT tag contains directories, you can use the
 # EXCLUDE_PATTERNS tag to specify one or more wildcard patterns to exclude
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/aes.h b/include/mbedtls/aes.h
index 46016dc..e0fc238 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/aes.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/aes.h
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 /**
  * \file aes.h
  *
- * \brief   The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) specifies a FIPS-approved
+ * \brief   This file contains AES definitions and functions.
+ *
+ *          The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) specifies a FIPS-approved
  *          cryptographic algorithm that can be used to protect electronic
  *          data.
  *
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@
  *          techniques -- Encryption algorithms -- Part 2: Asymmetric
  *          ciphers</em>.
  */
+
 /*  Copyright (C) 2006-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved.
  *  SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  *
@@ -59,14 +62,14 @@
 #define inline __inline
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief The AES context-type definition.
  */
@@ -85,6 +88,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_aes_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_AES_ALT */
+#include "aes_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          This function initializes the specified AES context.
  *
@@ -112,8 +119,8 @@
  *                 <li>192 bits</li>
  *                 <li>256 bits</li></ul>
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success or #MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_KEY_LENGTH
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_KEY_LENGTH on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx, const unsigned char *key,
                     unsigned int keybits );
@@ -128,7 +135,8 @@
  *                 <li>192 bits</li>
  *                 <li>256 bits</li></ul>
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_KEY_LENGTH on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_KEY_LENGTH on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_aes_setkey_dec( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx, const unsigned char *key,
                     unsigned int keybits );
@@ -192,7 +200,8 @@
  * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param output   The buffer holding the output data.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH
  *                 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_aes_crypt_cbc( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx,
@@ -313,7 +322,7 @@
  * \param input            The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param output           The buffer holding the output data.
  *
- * \return     \c 0 on success.
+ * \return                 \c 0 on success.
  */
 int mbedtls_aes_crypt_ctr( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx,
                        size_t length,
@@ -391,22 +400,11 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_AES_ALT */
-#include "aes_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_aes_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/arc4.h b/include/mbedtls/arc4.h
index f9d93f8..f11fc5b 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/arc4.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/arc4.h
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ARC4_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                  -0x0019  /**< ARC4 hardware accelerator failed. */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief     ARC4 context structure
  *
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_arc4_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_ARC4_ALT */
+#include "arc4_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ARC4_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize ARC4 context
  *
@@ -118,18 +122,6 @@
 int mbedtls_arc4_crypt( mbedtls_arc4_context *ctx, size_t length, const unsigned char *input,
                 unsigned char *output );
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_ARC4_ALT */
-#include "arc4_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_ARC4_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine
  *
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/blowfish.h b/include/mbedtls/blowfish.h
index c0ef5a0..22479be 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/blowfish.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/blowfish.h
@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_BLOWFISH_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x0017  /**< Blowfish hardware accelerator failed. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_BLOWFISH_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH              -0x0018  /**< Invalid data input length. */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          Blowfish context structure
  */
@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_blowfish_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_ALT */
+#include "blowfish_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize Blowfish context
  *
@@ -198,8 +202,4 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_ALT */
-#include "blowfish_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_ALT */
-
 #endif /* blowfish.h */
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/camellia.h b/include/mbedtls/camellia.h
index cf07629..f0466bf 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/camellia.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/camellia.h
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_CAMELLIA_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH         -0x0026  /**< Invalid data input length. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_CAMELLIA_HW_ACCEL_FAILED              -0x0027  /**< Camellia hardware accelerator failed. */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          CAMELLIA context structure
  */
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_camellia_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_ALT */
+#include "camellia_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize CAMELLIA context
  *
@@ -211,18 +215,6 @@
                        unsigned char *output );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CIPHER_MODE_CTR */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_ALT */
-#include "camellia_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine
  *
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ccm.h b/include/mbedtls/ccm.h
index 630b7fd..8585ce5 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ccm.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ccm.h
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 /**
  * \file ccm.h
  *
- * \brief CCM combines Counter mode encryption with CBC-MAC authentication
- *        for 128-bit block ciphers.
+ * \brief This file provides an API for the CCM authenticated encryption
+ *        mode for block ciphers.
+ *
+ * CCM combines Counter mode encryption with CBC-MAC authentication
+ * for 128-bit block ciphers.
  *
  * Input to CCM includes the following elements:
  * <ul><li>Payload - data that is both authenticated and encrypted.</li>
@@ -40,14 +43,15 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_AUTH_FAILED     -0x000F /**< Authenticated decryption failed. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_HW_ACCEL_FAILED -0x0011 /**< CCM hardware accelerator failed. */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_CCM_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_CCM_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief    The CCM context-type definition. The CCM context is passed
  *           to the APIs called.
@@ -57,6 +61,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_ccm_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_CCM_ALT */
+#include "ccm_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_CCM_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief           This function initializes the specified CCM context,
  *                  to make references valid, and prepare the context
@@ -75,7 +83,8 @@
  * \param key       The encryption key.
  * \param keybits   The key size in bits. This must be acceptable by the cipher.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or a cipher-specific error code.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          A CCM or cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ccm_setkey( mbedtls_ccm_context *ctx,
                         mbedtls_cipher_id_t cipher,
@@ -93,6 +102,13 @@
 /**
  * \brief           This function encrypts a buffer using CCM.
  *
+ *
+ * \note            The tag is written to a separate buffer. To concatenate
+ *                  the \p tag with the \p output, as done in <em>RFC-3610:
+ *                  Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM)</em>, use
+ *                  \p tag = \p output + \p length, and make sure that the
+ *                  output buffer is at least \p length + \p tag_len wide.
+ *
  * \param ctx       The CCM context to use for encryption.
  * \param length    The length of the input data in Bytes.
  * \param iv        Initialization vector (nonce).
@@ -107,13 +123,8 @@
  * \param tag_len   The length of the tag to generate in Bytes:
  *                  4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 or 16.
  *
- * \note            The tag is written to a separate buffer. To concatenate
- *                  the \p tag with the \p output, as done in <em>RFC-3610:
- *                  Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM)</em>, use
- *                  \p tag = \p output + \p length, and make sure that the
- *                  output buffer is at least \p length + \p tag_len wide.
- *
  * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          A CCM or cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ccm_encrypt_and_tag( mbedtls_ccm_context *ctx, size_t length,
                          const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len,
@@ -139,8 +150,9 @@
  * \param tag_len   The length of the tag in Bytes.
  *                  4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 or 16.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful and authenticated, or
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_AUTH_FAILED if the tag does not match.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success. This indicates that the message is authentic.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_AUTH_FAILED if the tag does not match.
+ * \return          A cipher-specific error code on calculation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ccm_auth_decrypt( mbedtls_ccm_context *ctx, size_t length,
                       const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len,
@@ -148,23 +160,13 @@
                       const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
                       const unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len );
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_CCM_ALT */
-#include "ccm_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_CCM_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST) && defined(MBEDTLS_AES_C)
 /**
  * \brief          The CCM checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ccm_self_test( int verbose );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST && MBEDTLS_AES_C */
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/cipher.h b/include/mbedtls/cipher.h
index d1f4efe..3ee2ab7 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/cipher.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/cipher.h
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 /**
  * \file cipher.h
  *
- * \brief The generic cipher wrapper.
+ * \brief This file contains an abstraction interface for use with the cipher
+ * primitives provided by the library. It provides a common interface to all of
+ * the available cipher operations.
  *
  * \author Adriaan de Jong <dejong@fox-it.com>
  */
@@ -69,93 +71,93 @@
 #endif
 
 /**
- * \brief     An enumeration of supported ciphers.
+ * \brief     Supported cipher types.
  *
- * \warning   ARC4 and DES are considered weak ciphers and their use
- *            constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering stronger
+ * \warning   RC4 and DES are considered weak ciphers and their use
+ *            constitutes a security risk. Arm recommends considering stronger
  *            ciphers instead.
  */
 typedef enum {
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_NONE = 0,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_NULL,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_AES,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_DES,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_3DES,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_CAMELLIA,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_BLOWFISH,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_ARC4,
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_NONE = 0,  /**< Placeholder to mark the end of cipher ID lists. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_NULL,      /**< The identity cipher, treated as a stream cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_AES,       /**< The AES cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_DES,       /**< The DES cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_3DES,      /**< The Triple DES cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_CAMELLIA,  /**< The Camellia cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_BLOWFISH,  /**< The Blowfish cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_ARC4,      /**< The RC4 cipher. */
 } mbedtls_cipher_id_t;
 
 /**
- * \brief     An enumeration of supported (cipher, mode) pairs.
+ * \brief     Supported {cipher type, cipher mode} pairs.
  *
- * \warning   ARC4 and DES are considered weak ciphers and their use
- *            constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering stronger
+ * \warning   RC4 and DES are considered weak ciphers and their use
+ *            constitutes a security risk. Arm recommends considering stronger
  *            ciphers instead.
  */
 typedef enum {
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_NONE = 0,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_NULL,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CFB128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CFB128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CFB128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CFB128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CFB128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CFB128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_CFB64,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ARC4_128,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CCM,
-    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CCM,
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_NONE = 0,             /**< Placeholder to mark the end of cipher-pair lists. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_NULL,                 /**< The identity stream cipher. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_ECB,          /**< AES cipher with 128-bit ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_ECB,          /**< AES cipher with 192-bit ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_ECB,          /**< AES cipher with 256-bit ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CBC,          /**< AES cipher with 128-bit CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CBC,          /**< AES cipher with 192-bit CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CBC,          /**< AES cipher with 256-bit CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CFB128,       /**< AES cipher with 128-bit CFB128 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CFB128,       /**< AES cipher with 192-bit CFB128 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CFB128,       /**< AES cipher with 256-bit CFB128 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CTR,          /**< AES cipher with 128-bit CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CTR,          /**< AES cipher with 192-bit CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CTR,          /**< AES cipher with 256-bit CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_GCM,          /**< AES cipher with 128-bit GCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_GCM,          /**< AES cipher with 192-bit GCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_GCM,          /**< AES cipher with 256-bit GCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_ECB,     /**< Camellia cipher with 128-bit ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_ECB,     /**< Camellia cipher with 192-bit ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_ECB,     /**< Camellia cipher with 256-bit ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CBC,     /**< Camellia cipher with 128-bit CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CBC,     /**< Camellia cipher with 192-bit CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CBC,     /**< Camellia cipher with 256-bit CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CFB128,  /**< Camellia cipher with 128-bit CFB128 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CFB128,  /**< Camellia cipher with 192-bit CFB128 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CFB128,  /**< Camellia cipher with 256-bit CFB128 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CTR,     /**< Camellia cipher with 128-bit CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CTR,     /**< Camellia cipher with 192-bit CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CTR,     /**< Camellia cipher with 256-bit CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_GCM,     /**< Camellia cipher with 128-bit GCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_GCM,     /**< Camellia cipher with 192-bit GCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_GCM,     /**< Camellia cipher with 256-bit GCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_ECB,              /**< DES cipher with ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_CBC,              /**< DES cipher with CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE_ECB,          /**< DES cipher with EDE ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE_CBC,          /**< DES cipher with EDE CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_ECB,         /**< DES cipher with EDE3 ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_CBC,         /**< DES cipher with EDE3 CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_ECB,         /**< Blowfish cipher with ECB mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_CBC,         /**< Blowfish cipher with CBC mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_CFB64,       /**< Blowfish cipher with CFB64 mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLOWFISH_CTR,         /**< Blowfish cipher with CTR mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ARC4_128,             /**< RC4 cipher with 128-bit mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_CCM,          /**< AES cipher with 128-bit CCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_CCM,          /**< AES cipher with 192-bit CCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_CCM,          /**< AES cipher with 256-bit CCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_128_CCM,     /**< Camellia cipher with 128-bit CCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_192_CCM,     /**< Camellia cipher with 192-bit CCM mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_CIPHER_CAMELLIA_256_CCM,     /**< Camellia cipher with 256-bit CCM mode. */
 } mbedtls_cipher_type_t;
 
 /** Supported cipher modes. */
 typedef enum {
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_NONE = 0,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_ECB,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_CBC,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_CFB,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_OFB, /* Unused! */
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_CTR,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_GCM,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_STREAM,
-    MBEDTLS_MODE_CCM,
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_NONE = 0,               /**< None. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_ECB,                    /**< The ECB cipher mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_CBC,                    /**< The CBC cipher mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_CFB,                    /**< The CFB cipher mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_OFB,                    /**< The OFB cipher mode - unsupported. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_CTR,                    /**< The CTR cipher mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_GCM,                    /**< The GCM cipher mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_STREAM,                 /**< The stream cipher mode. */
+    MBEDTLS_MODE_CCM,                    /**< The CCM cipher mode. */
 } mbedtls_cipher_mode_t;
 
 /** Supported cipher padding types. */
@@ -163,8 +165,8 @@
     MBEDTLS_PADDING_PKCS7 = 0,     /**< PKCS7 padding (default).        */
     MBEDTLS_PADDING_ONE_AND_ZEROS, /**< ISO/IEC 7816-4 padding.         */
     MBEDTLS_PADDING_ZEROS_AND_LEN, /**< ANSI X.923 padding.             */
-    MBEDTLS_PADDING_ZEROS,         /**< zero padding (not reversible). */
-    MBEDTLS_PADDING_NONE,          /**< never pad (full blocks only).   */
+    MBEDTLS_PADDING_ZEROS,         /**< Zero padding (not reversible). */
+    MBEDTLS_PADDING_NONE,          /**< Never pad (full blocks only).   */
 } mbedtls_cipher_padding_t;
 
 /** Type of operation. */
@@ -228,7 +230,10 @@
      */
     unsigned int iv_size;
 
-    /** Flags to set. For example, if the cipher supports variable IV sizes or variable key sizes. */
+    /** Bitflag comprised of MBEDTLS_CIPHER_VARIABLE_IV_LEN and
+     *  MBEDTLS_CIPHER_VARIABLE_KEY_LEN indicating whether the
+     *  cipher supports variable IV or variable key sizes, respectively.
+     */
     int flags;
 
     /** The block size, in Bytes. */
@@ -299,7 +304,8 @@
  * \param cipher_name   Name of the cipher to search for.
  *
  * \return              The cipher information structure associated with the
- *                      given \p cipher_name, or NULL if not found.
+ *                      given \p cipher_name.
+ * \return              NULL if the associated cipher information is not found.
  */
 const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *mbedtls_cipher_info_from_string( const char *cipher_name );
 
@@ -310,7 +316,8 @@
  * \param cipher_type   Type of the cipher to search for.
  *
  * \return              The cipher information structure associated with the
- *                      given \p cipher_type, or NULL if not found.
+ *                      given \p cipher_type.
+ * \return              NULL if the associated cipher information is not found.
  */
 const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *mbedtls_cipher_info_from_type( const mbedtls_cipher_type_t cipher_type );
 
@@ -325,7 +332,8 @@
  * \param mode          The cipher mode. For example, #MBEDTLS_MODE_CBC.
  *
  * \return              The cipher information structure associated with the
- *                      given \p cipher_id, or NULL if not found.
+ *                      given \p cipher_id.
+ * \return              NULL if the associated cipher information is not found.
  */
 const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *mbedtls_cipher_info_from_values( const mbedtls_cipher_id_t cipher_id,
                                               int key_bitlen,
@@ -352,10 +360,11 @@
  * \param ctx           The context to initialize. May not be NULL.
  * \param cipher_info   The cipher to use.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter failure,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_ALLOC_FAILED if allocation of the
- *                      cipher-specific context failed.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_ALLOC_FAILED if allocation of the
+ *                      cipher-specific context fails.
  *
  * \internal Currently, the function also clears the structure.
  * In future versions, the caller will be required to call
@@ -368,8 +377,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx    The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return       The size of the blocks of the cipher, or zero if \p ctx
- *               has not been initialized.
+ * \return       The size of the blocks of the cipher.
+ * \return       0 if \p ctx has not been initialized.
  */
 static inline unsigned int mbedtls_cipher_get_block_size( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
 {
@@ -385,8 +394,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx    The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return       The mode of operation, or #MBEDTLS_MODE_NONE if
- *               \p ctx has not been initialized.
+ * \return       The mode of operation.
+ * \return       #MBEDTLS_MODE_NONE if \p ctx has not been initialized.
  */
 static inline mbedtls_cipher_mode_t mbedtls_cipher_get_cipher_mode( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
 {
@@ -402,9 +411,9 @@
  *
  * \param ctx   The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return      <ul><li>If no IV has been set: the recommended IV size.
- *              0 for ciphers not using IV or nonce.</li>
- *              <li>If IV has already been set: the actual size.</li></ul>
+ * \return      The recommended IV size if no IV has been set.
+ * \return      \c 0 for ciphers not using an IV or a nonce.
+ * \return      The actual size if an IV has been set.
  */
 static inline int mbedtls_cipher_get_iv_size( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
 {
@@ -422,8 +431,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx           The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return              The type of the cipher, or #MBEDTLS_CIPHER_NONE if
- *                      \p ctx has not been initialized.
+ * \return              The type of the cipher.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_CIPHER_NONE if \p ctx has not been initialized.
  */
 static inline mbedtls_cipher_type_t mbedtls_cipher_get_type( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
 {
@@ -439,8 +448,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx           The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return              The name of the cipher, or NULL if \p ctx has not
- *                      been not initialized.
+ * \return              The name of the cipher.
+ * \return              NULL if \p ctx has not been not initialized.
  */
 static inline const char *mbedtls_cipher_get_name( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
 {
@@ -455,8 +464,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx           The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return              The key length of the cipher in bits, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_KEY_LENGTH_NONE if ctx \p has not been
+ * \return              The key length of the cipher in bits.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_KEY_LENGTH_NONE if ctx \p has not been
  *                      initialized.
  */
 static inline int mbedtls_cipher_get_key_bitlen( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
@@ -472,9 +481,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx      The context of the cipher. Must be initialized.
  *
- * \return         The type of operation: #MBEDTLS_ENCRYPT or
- *                 #MBEDTLS_DECRYPT, or #MBEDTLS_OPERATION_NONE if \p ctx
- *                 has not been initialized.
+ * \return         The type of operation: #MBEDTLS_ENCRYPT or #MBEDTLS_DECRYPT.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_OPERATION_NONE if \p ctx has not been initialized.
  */
 static inline mbedtls_operation_t mbedtls_cipher_get_operation( const mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx )
 {
@@ -495,9 +503,10 @@
  * \param operation     The operation that the key will be used for:
  *                      #MBEDTLS_ENCRYPT or #MBEDTLS_DECRYPT.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                      parameter verification fails, or a cipher-specific
- *                      error code.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_setkey( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *key,
                    int key_bitlen, const mbedtls_operation_t operation );
@@ -512,9 +521,10 @@
  * \param ctx           The generic cipher context.
  * \param mode          The padding mode.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE
- *                      if the selected padding mode is not supported, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the cipher mode
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE
+ *                      if the selected padding mode is not supported.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the cipher mode
  *                      does not support padding.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_set_padding_mode( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx, mbedtls_cipher_padding_t mode );
@@ -524,15 +534,17 @@
  * \brief           This function sets the initialization vector (IV)
  *                  or nonce.
  *
+ * \note            Some ciphers do not use IVs nor nonce. For these
+ *                  ciphers, this function has no effect.
+ *
  * \param ctx       The generic cipher context.
  * \param iv        The IV to use, or NONCE_COUNTER for CTR-mode ciphers.
  * \param iv_len    The IV length for ciphers with variable-size IV.
  *                  This parameter is discarded by ciphers with fixed-size IV.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA
- *
- * \note            Some ciphers do not use IVs nor nonce. For these
- *                  ciphers, this function has no effect.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                  parameter-verification failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_set_iv( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                    const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len );
@@ -542,8 +554,9 @@
  *
  * \param ctx     The generic cipher context.
  *
- * \returns       \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA
- *                if parameter verification fails.
+ * \return        \c 0 on success.
+ * \return        #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                parameter-verification failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_reset( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx );
 
@@ -557,7 +570,8 @@
  * \param ad            The additional data to use.
  * \param ad_len        the Length of \p ad.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or a specific error code on failure.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              A specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_update_ad( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                       const unsigned char *ad, size_t ad_len );
@@ -573,6 +587,11 @@
  *                      Exception: For MBEDTLS_MODE_ECB, expects a single block
  *                      in size. For example, 16 Bytes for AES.
  *
+ * \note                If the underlying cipher is used in GCM mode, all calls
+ *                      to this function, except for the last one before
+ *                      mbedtls_cipher_finish(), must have \p ilen as a
+ *                      multiple of the block size of the cipher.
+ *
  * \param ctx           The generic cipher context.
  * \param input         The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen          The length of the input data.
@@ -582,16 +601,12 @@
  * \param olen          The length of the output data, to be updated with the
  *                      actual number of Bytes written.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                      parameter verification fails,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE on an
- *                      unsupported mode for a cipher, or a cipher-specific
- *                      error code.
- *
- * \note                If the underlying cipher is GCM, all calls to this
- *                      function, except the last one before
- *                      mbedtls_cipher_finish(). Must have \p ilen as a
- *                      multiple of the block_size.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE on an
+ *                      unsupported mode for a cipher.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_update( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                    size_t ilen, unsigned char *output, size_t *olen );
@@ -606,13 +621,14 @@
  * \param output        The buffer to write data to. Needs block_size available.
  * \param olen          The length of the data written to the \p output buffer.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                      parameter verification fails,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED if decryption
- *                      expected a full block but was not provided one,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING on invalid padding
- *                      while decrypting, or a cipher-specific error code
- *                      on failure for any other reason.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED on decryption
+ *                      expecting a full block but not receiving one.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING on invalid padding
+ *                      while decrypting.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_finish( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                    unsigned char *output, size_t *olen );
@@ -627,7 +643,8 @@
  * \param tag           The buffer to write the tag to.
  * \param tag_len       The length of the tag to write.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or a specific error code on failure.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              A specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_write_tag( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                       unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len );
@@ -641,7 +658,8 @@
  * \param tag           The buffer holding the tag.
  * \param tag_len       The length of the tag to check.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or a specific error code on failure.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              A specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_check_tag( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                       const unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len );
@@ -667,13 +685,14 @@
  * \note                Some ciphers do not use IVs nor nonce. For these
  *                      ciphers, use \p iv = NULL and \p iv_len = 0.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED if decryption
- *                      expected a full block but was not provided one, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING on invalid padding
- *                      while decrypting, or a cipher-specific error code on
- *                      failure for any other reason.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED on decryption
+ *                      expecting a full block but not receiving one.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING on invalid padding
+ *                      while decrypting.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_crypt( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                   const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len,
@@ -699,9 +718,10 @@
  * \param tag           The buffer for the authentication tag.
  * \param tag_len       The desired length of the authentication tag.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA, or
- *                      a cipher-specific error code.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_auth_encrypt( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                          const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len,
@@ -713,6 +733,10 @@
 /**
  * \brief               The generic autenticated decryption (AEAD) function.
  *
+ * \note                If the data is not authentic, then the output buffer
+ *                      is zeroed out to prevent the unauthentic plaintext being
+ *                      used, making this interface safer.
+ *
  * \param ctx           The generic cipher context.
  * \param iv            The IV to use, or NONCE_COUNTER for CTR-mode ciphers.
  * \param iv_len        The IV length for ciphers with variable-size IV.
@@ -728,14 +752,11 @@
  * \param tag           The buffer holding the authentication tag.
  * \param tag_len       The length of the authentication tag.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_AUTH_FAILED if data is not authentic,
- *                      or a cipher-specific error code on failure for any other reason.
- *
- * \note                If the data is not authentic, then the output buffer
- *                      is zeroed out to prevent the unauthentic plaintext being
- *                      used, making this interface safer.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA on
+ *                      parameter-verification failure.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_AUTH_FAILED if data is not authentic.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_auth_decrypt( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                          const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len,
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/cmac.h b/include/mbedtls/cmac.h
index 628c9da..913c05f 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/cmac.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/cmac.h
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 /**
  * \file cmac.h
  *
- * \brief The Cipher-based Message Authentication Code (CMAC) Mode for
- *        Authentication.
+ * \brief This file contains CMAC definitions and functions.
+ *
+ * The Cipher-based Message Authentication Code (CMAC) Mode for
+ * Authentication is defined in <em>RFC-4493: The AES-CMAC Algorithm</em>.
  */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2015-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved
@@ -38,9 +40,9 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_DES3_BLOCK_SIZE         8
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_AES_C)
-#define MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLKSIZE_MAX      16  /* The longest block used by CMAC is that of AES. */
+#define MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLKSIZE_MAX      16  /**< The longest block used by CMAC is that of AES. */
 #else
-#define MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLKSIZE_MAX      8   /* The longest block used by CMAC is that of 3DES. */
+#define MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLKSIZE_MAX      8   /**< The longest block used by CMAC is that of 3DES. */
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_CMAC_ALT)
@@ -61,22 +63,25 @@
     size_t              unprocessed_len;
 };
 
+#else  /* !MBEDTLS_CMAC_ALT */
+#include "cmac_alt.h"
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_CMAC_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief               This function sets the CMAC key, and prepares to authenticate
  *                      the input data.
  *                      Must be called with an initialized cipher context.
  *
  * \param ctx           The cipher context used for the CMAC operation, initialized
- *                      as one of the following types:<ul>
- *                      <li>MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_ECB</li>
- *                      <li>MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_ECB</li>
- *                      <li>MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_ECB</li>
- *                      <li>MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_ECB</li></ul>
+ *                      as one of the following types: MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_128_ECB,
+ *                      MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_192_ECB, MBEDTLS_CIPHER_AES_256_ECB,
+ *                      or MBEDTLS_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_ECB.
  * \param key           The CMAC key.
  * \param keybits       The length of the CMAC key in bits.
  *                      Must be supported by the cipher.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or a cipher-specific error code.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_cmac_starts( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                                 const unsigned char *key, size_t keybits );
@@ -93,8 +98,9 @@
  * \param input         The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen          The length of the input data.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
- *                      if parameter verification fails.
+ * \return             \c 0 on success.
+ * \return             #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
+ *                     if parameter verification fails.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_cmac_update( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
                                 const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen );
@@ -110,7 +116,8 @@
  * \param ctx           The cipher context used for the CMAC operation.
  * \param output        The output buffer for the CMAC checksum result.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
  *                      if parameter verification fails.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_cmac_finish( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx,
@@ -126,7 +133,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx           The cipher context used for the CMAC operation.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
  *                      if parameter verification fails.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_cmac_reset( mbedtls_cipher_context_t *ctx );
@@ -149,7 +157,8 @@
  * \param ilen          The length of the input data.
  * \param output        The buffer for the generic CMAC result.
  *
- * \returns             \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA
  *                      if parameter verification fails.
  */
 int mbedtls_cipher_cmac( const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *cipher_info,
@@ -180,23 +189,12 @@
                               unsigned char output[16] );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_C */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* !MBEDTLS_CMAC_ALT */
-#include "cmac_alt.h"
-#endif /* !MBEDTLS_CMAC_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST) && ( defined(MBEDTLS_AES_C) || defined(MBEDTLS_DES_C) )
 /**
  * \brief          The CMAC checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_cmac_self_test( int verbose );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST && ( MBEDTLS_AES_C || MBEDTLS_DES_C ) */
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h b/include/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h
index 121575a..dcbc047 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 /**
  * \file ctr_drbg.h
  *
- * \brief    CTR_DRBG is based on AES-256, as defined in <em>NIST SP 800-90A:
- *           Recommendation for Random Number Generation Using Deterministic
- *           Random Bit Generators</em>.
+ * \brief    This file contains CTR_DRBG definitions and functions.
  *
+ * CTR_DRBG is a standardized way of building a PRNG from a block-cipher
+ * in counter mode operation, as defined in <em>NIST SP 800-90A:
+ * Recommendation for Random Number Generation Using Deterministic Random
+ * Bit Generators</em>.
+ *
+ * The Mbed TLS implementation of CTR_DRBG uses AES-256 as the underlying
+ * block cipher.
  */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2006-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved
@@ -156,8 +161,8 @@
                         identifiers. Can be NULL.
  * \param len           The length of the personalization data.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on failure.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx,
                    int (*f_entropy)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -216,22 +221,24 @@
  * \param additional    Additional data to add to the state. Can be NULL.
  * \param len           The length of the additional data.
  *
- * \return   \c 0 on success, or
- *           #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on failure.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_reseed( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx,
                      const unsigned char *additional, size_t len );
 
 /**
- * \brief               This function updates the state of the CTR_DRBG context.
+ * \brief              This function updates the state of the CTR_DRBG context.
  *
- * \param ctx           The CTR_DRBG context.
- * \param additional    The data to update the state with.
- * \param add_len       Length of \p additional data.
+ * \note               If \p add_len is greater than
+ *                     #MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT, only the first
+ *                     #MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT Bytes are used.
+ *                     The remaining Bytes are silently discarded.
  *
- * \note     If \p add_len is greater than #MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT,
- *           only the first #MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT Bytes are used.
- *           The remaining Bytes are silently discarded.
+ * \param ctx          The CTR_DRBG context.
+ * \param additional   The data to update the state with.
+ * \param add_len      Length of \p additional data.
+ *
  */
 void mbedtls_ctr_drbg_update( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx,
                       const unsigned char *additional, size_t add_len );
@@ -249,8 +256,8 @@
  * \param additional    Additional data to update. Can be NULL.
  * \param add_len       The length of the additional data.
  *
- * \return    \c 0 on success, or
- *            #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED or
+ * \return    \c 0 on success.
+ * \return    #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED or
  *            #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_REQUEST_TOO_BIG on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random_with_add( void *p_rng,
@@ -267,8 +274,8 @@
  * \param output        The buffer to fill.
  * \param output_len    The length of the buffer.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED or
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED or
  *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_REQUEST_TOO_BIG on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random( void *p_rng,
@@ -281,9 +288,9 @@
  * \param ctx           The CTR_DRBG context.
  * \param path          The name of the file.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR on file error, or
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR on file error.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED on
  *                      failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_write_seed_file( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx, const char *path );
@@ -295,9 +302,9 @@
  * \param ctx           The CTR_DRBG context.
  * \param path          The name of the file.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR on file error,
- *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED or
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR on file error.
+ * \return              #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED or
  *                      #MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_INPUT_TOO_BIG on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_update_seed_file( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx, const char *path );
@@ -306,7 +313,8 @@
 /**
  * \brief               The CTR_DRBG checkup routine.
  *
- * \return              \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/des.h b/include/mbedtls/des.h
index 5a1a636..6eb7d03 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/des.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/des.h
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_DES_KEY_SIZE    8
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DES_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DES_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          DES context structure
  *
@@ -76,6 +76,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_des3_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_DES_ALT */
+#include "des_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_DES_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize DES context
  *
@@ -331,17 +335,6 @@
  */
 void mbedtls_des_setkey( uint32_t SK[32],
                          const unsigned char key[MBEDTLS_DES_KEY_SIZE] );
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_DES_ALT */
-#include "des_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_DES_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
 
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/dhm.h b/include/mbedtls/dhm.h
index 00fafd8..f848e22 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/dhm.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/dhm.h
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 /**
  * \file dhm.h
  *
- * \brief Diffie-Hellman-Merkle key exchange.
+ * \brief   This file contains Diffie-Hellman-Merkle (DHM) key exchange 
+ *          definitions and functions.
+ *
+ * Diffie-Hellman-Merkle (DHM) key exchange is defined in
+ * <em>RFC-2631: Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Method</em> and 
+ * <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #3: Diffie 
+ * Hellman Key Agreement Standard</em>.
  *
  * <em>RFC-3526: More Modular Exponential (MODP) Diffie-Hellman groups for
  * Internet Key Exchange (IKE)</em> defines a number of standardized
@@ -65,7 +71,6 @@
 #include MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE
 #endif
 #include "bignum.h"
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT)
 
 /*
  * DHM Error codes
@@ -86,6 +91,8 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT)
+
 /**
  * \brief          The DHM context structure.
  */
@@ -105,6 +112,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_dhm_context;
 
+#else /* MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT */
+#include "dhm_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          This function initializes the DHM context.
  *
@@ -125,8 +136,8 @@
  *                 failures.
  * \param end      The end of the input buffer.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_read_params( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx,
                      unsigned char **p,
@@ -136,13 +147,6 @@
  * \brief          This function sets up and writes the ServerKeyExchange
  *                 parameters.
  *
- * \param ctx      The DHM context.
- * \param x_size   The private value size in Bytes.
- * \param olen     The number of characters written.
- * \param output   The destination buffer.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- *
  * \note           The destination buffer must be large enough to hold
  *                 the reduced binary presentation of the modulus, the generator
  *                 and the public key, each wrapped with a 2-byte length field.
@@ -155,8 +159,15 @@
  *                 mbedtls_dhm_set_group() below in conjunction with
  *                 mbedtls_mpi_read_binary() and mbedtls_mpi_read_string().
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The DHM context.
+ * \param x_size   The private key size in Bytes.
+ * \param olen     The number of characters written.
+ * \param output   The destination buffer.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_make_params( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx, int x_size,
                      unsigned char *output, size_t *olen,
@@ -164,54 +175,54 @@
                      void *p_rng );
 
 /**
- * \brief          Set prime modulus and generator
+ * \brief          This function sets the prime modulus and generator.
+ *
+ * \note           This function can be used to set \p P, \p G
+ *                 in preparation for mbedtls_dhm_make_params().
  *
  * \param ctx      The DHM context.
- * \param P        The MPI holding DHM prime modulus.
- * \param G        The MPI holding DHM generator.
+ * \param P        The MPI holding the DHM prime modulus.
+ * \param G        The MPI holding the DHM generator.
  *
- * \note           This function can be used to set P, G
- *                 in preparation for \c mbedtls_dhm_make_params.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if successful, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 if successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_set_group( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx,
                            const mbedtls_mpi *P,
                            const mbedtls_mpi *G );
 
 /**
- * \brief          This function imports the public value G^Y of the peer.
+ * \brief          This function imports the public value of the peer, G^Y.
  *
  * \param ctx      The DHM context.
- * \param input    The input buffer.
+ * \param input    The input buffer containing the G^Y value of the peer.
  * \param ilen     The size of the input buffer.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_read_public( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx,
                      const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen );
 
 /**
- * \brief          This function creates its own private value \c X and
+ * \brief          This function creates its own private key, \c X, and
  *                 exports \c G^X.
  *
+ * \note           The destination buffer is always fully written
+ *                 so as to contain a big-endian representation of G^X mod P.
+ *                 If it is larger than ctx->len, it is padded accordingly
+ *                 with zero-bytes at the beginning.
+ *
  * \param ctx      The DHM context.
- * \param x_size   The private value size in Bytes.
+ * \param x_size   The private key size in Bytes.
  * \param output   The destination buffer.
  * \param olen     The length of the destination buffer. Must be at least
-                   equal to ctx->len (the size of \c P).
+ *                  equal to ctx->len (the size of \c P).
  * \param f_rng    The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
  *
- * \note           The destination buffer will always be fully written
- *                 so as to contain a big-endian presentation of G^X mod P.
- *                 If it is larger than ctx->len, it will accordingly be
- *                 padded with zero-bytes in the beginning.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_make_public( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx, int x_size,
                      unsigned char *output, size_t olen,
@@ -222,22 +233,22 @@
  * \brief               This function derives and exports the shared secret
  *                      \c (G^Y)^X mod \c P.
  *
+ * \note                If \p f_rng is not NULL, it is used to blind the input as
+ *                      a countermeasure against timing attacks. Blinding is used
+ *                      only if our private key \c X is re-used, and not used
+ *                      otherwise. We recommend always passing a non-NULL
+ *                      \p f_rng argument.
+ *
  * \param ctx           The DHM context.
  * \param output        The destination buffer.
  * \param output_size   The size of the destination buffer. Must be at least
- *                      the size of ctx->len.
+ *                      the size of ctx->len (the size of \c P).
  * \param olen          On exit, holds the actual number of Bytes written.
  * \param f_rng         The RNG function, for blinding purposes.
- * \param p_rng         The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng         The RNG context.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
- * \note           If non-NULL, \p f_rng is used to blind the input as
- *                 a countermeasure against timing attacks. Blinding is used
- *                 only if our secret value \p X is re-used and omitted
- *                 otherwise. Therefore, we recommend always passing a
- *                 non-NULL \p f_rng argument.
+ * \return              \c 0 on success.
+ * \return              An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_calc_secret( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx,
                      unsigned char *output, size_t output_size, size_t *olen,
@@ -245,7 +256,7 @@
                      void *p_rng );
 
 /**
- * \brief          This function frees and clears the components of a DHM key.
+ * \brief          This function frees and clears the components of a DHM context.
  *
  * \param ctx      The DHM context to free and clear.
  */
@@ -261,8 +272,9 @@
  * \param dhminlen    The size of the buffer, including the terminating null
  *                    Byte for PEM data.
  *
- * \return            \c 0 on success, or a specific DHM or PEM error code
- *                    on failure.
+ * \return            \c 0 on success.
+ * \return            An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_XXX error code
+ *                    error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_parse_dhm( mbedtls_dhm_context *dhm, const unsigned char *dhmin,
                    size_t dhminlen );
@@ -275,29 +287,19 @@
  * \param dhm      The DHM context to load the parameters to.
  * \param path     The filename to read the DHM parameters from.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or a specific DHM or PEM error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return            An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_XXX error code
+ *                    error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_parse_dhmfile( mbedtls_dhm_context *dhm, const char *path );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_FS_IO */
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else /* MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT */
-#include "dhm_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          The DMH checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ecdh.h b/include/mbedtls/ecdh.h
index 99cfde0..922f029 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ecdh.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ecdh.h
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 /**
  * \file ecdh.h
  *
- * \brief The Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) protocol APIs.
- *
- * ECDH is an anonymous key agreement protocol allowing two parties to
- * establish a shared secret over an insecure channel. Each party must have an
+ * \brief This file contains ECDH definitions and functions.
+ * 
+ * The Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) protocol is an anonymous 
+ * key agreement protocol allowing two parties to establish a shared
+ * secret over an insecure channel. Each party must have an
  * elliptic-curve public–private key pair.
  *
  * For more information, see <em>NIST SP 800-56A Rev. 2: Recommendation for
@@ -40,14 +41,12 @@
 #endif
 
 /**
- * Defines the source of the imported EC key:
- * <ul><li>Our key.</li>
- * <li>The key of the peer.</li></ul>
+ * Defines the source of the imported EC key.
  */
 typedef enum
 {
-    MBEDTLS_ECDH_OURS,
-    MBEDTLS_ECDH_THEIRS,
+    MBEDTLS_ECDH_OURS,   /**< Our key. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECDH_THEIRS, /**< The key of the peer. */
 } mbedtls_ecdh_side;
 
 /**
@@ -75,16 +74,18 @@
  *                  implemented during the ECDH key exchange. The second core
  *                  computation is performed by mbedtls_ecdh_compute_shared().
  *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param grp       The ECP group.
  * \param d         The destination MPI (private key).
  * \param Q         The destination point (public key).
  * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or
  *                  \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code on failure.
  *
- * \see             ecp.h
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_gen_public( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_mpi *d, mbedtls_ecp_point *Q,
                      int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -97,21 +98,22 @@
  *                  implemented during the ECDH key exchange. The first core
  *                  computation is performed by mbedtls_ecdh_gen_public().
  *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
+ * \note            If \p f_rng is not NULL, it is used to implement
+ *                  countermeasures against side-channel attacks.
+ *                  For more information, see mbedtls_ecp_mul().
+ *
  * \param grp       The ECP group.
  * \param z         The destination MPI (shared secret).
  * \param Q         The public key from another party.
  * \param d         Our secret exponent (private key).
  * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or
  *                  \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code on failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
- *
- * \note            If \p f_rng is not NULL, it is used to implement
- *                  countermeasures against potential elaborate timing
- *                  attacks. For more information, see mbedtls_ecp_mul().
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_compute_shared( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_mpi *z,
                          const mbedtls_ecp_point *Q, const mbedtls_mpi *d,
@@ -139,21 +141,21 @@
  *                  This is the first function used by a TLS server for ECDHE
  *                  ciphersuites.
  *
+ * \note            This function assumes that the ECP group (grp) of the
+ *                  \p ctx context has already been properly set,
+ *                  for example, using mbedtls_ecp_group_load().
+ *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx       The ECDH context.
  * \param olen      The number of characters written.
  * \param buf       The destination buffer.
  * \param blen      The length of the destination buffer.
  * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \note            This function assumes that the ECP group (grp) of the
- *                  \p ctx context has already been properly set,
- *                  for example, using mbedtls_ecp_group_load().
- *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code
- *                  on failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_make_params( mbedtls_ecdh_context *ctx, size_t *olen,
                       unsigned char *buf, size_t blen,
@@ -167,14 +169,15 @@
  *                  This is the first function used by a TLS client for ECDHE
  *                  ciphersuites.
  *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx       The ECDH context.
  * \param buf       The pointer to the start of the input buffer.
  * \param end       The address for one Byte past the end of the buffer.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code
- *                  on failure.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code on failure.
  *
- * \see             ecp.h
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_read_params( mbedtls_ecdh_context *ctx,
                       const unsigned char **buf, const unsigned char *end );
@@ -186,16 +189,16 @@
  *                  ServerKeyEchange for static ECDH, and imports ECDH
  *                  parameters from the EC key information of a certificate.
  *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx       The ECDH context to set up.
  * \param key       The EC key to use.
- * \param side      Defines the source of the key:
- *                  <ul><li>1: Our key.</li>
-                    <li>0: The key of the peer.</li></ul>
+ * \param side      Defines the source of the key: 1: Our key, or
+ *                  0: The key of the peer.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code
- *                  on failure.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code on failure.
  *
- * \see             ecp.h
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_get_params( mbedtls_ecdh_context *ctx, const mbedtls_ecp_keypair *key,
                      mbedtls_ecdh_side side );
@@ -207,17 +210,17 @@
  *                  This is the second function used by a TLS client for ECDH(E)
  *                  ciphersuites.
  *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx       The ECDH context.
  * \param olen      The number of Bytes written.
  * \param buf       The destination buffer.
  * \param blen      The size of the destination buffer.
  * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code
- *                  on failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_make_public( mbedtls_ecdh_context *ctx, size_t *olen,
                       unsigned char *buf, size_t blen,
@@ -231,14 +234,14 @@
  *              This is the second function used by a TLS server for ECDH(E)
  *              ciphersuites.
  *
+ * \see         ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx   The ECDH context.
  * \param buf   The start of the input buffer.
  * \param blen  The length of the input buffer.
  *
- * \return      \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code
- *              on failure.
- *
- * \see         ecp.h
+ * \return      \c 0 on success.
+ * \return      An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_read_public( mbedtls_ecdh_context *ctx,
                       const unsigned char *buf, size_t blen );
@@ -249,21 +252,21 @@
  *                  This is the last function used by both TLS client
  *                  and servers.
  *
+ * \note            If \p f_rng is not NULL, it is used to implement
+ *                  countermeasures against side-channel attacks.
+ *                  For more information, see mbedtls_ecp_mul().
+ *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx       The ECDH context.
  * \param olen      The number of Bytes written.
  * \param buf       The destination buffer.
  * \param blen      The length of the destination buffer.
  * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code
- *                  on failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
- *
- * \note            If \p f_rng is not NULL, it is used to implement
- *                  countermeasures against potential elaborate timing
- *                  attacks. For more information, see mbedtls_ecp_mul().
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdh_calc_secret( mbedtls_ecdh_context *ctx, size_t *olen,
                       unsigned char *buf, size_t blen,
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ecdsa.h b/include/mbedtls/ecdsa.h
index ff6efbc..ce1a03d 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ecdsa.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ecdsa.h
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 /**
  * \file ecdsa.h
  *
- * \brief The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA).
+ * \brief This file contains ECDSA definitions and functions.
  *
- * ECDSA is defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group (SECG):
+ * The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is defined in
+ * <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group (SECG):
  * SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>.
  * The use of ECDSA for TLS is defined in <em>RFC-4492: Elliptic Curve
  * Cryptography (ECC) Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)</em>.
@@ -69,6 +70,14 @@
  *
  * \note            The deterministic version is usually preferred.
  *
+ * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
+ *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated
+ *                  as defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
+ *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
+ *                  4.1.3, step 5.
+ *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param grp       The ECP group.
  * \param r         The first output integer.
  * \param s         The second output integer.
@@ -76,18 +85,11 @@
  * \param buf       The message hash.
  * \param blen      The length of \p buf.
  * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
- *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated
- *                  as defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
- *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
- *                  4.1.3, step 5.
- *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX
  *                  or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code on failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_sign( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_mpi *r, mbedtls_mpi *s,
                 const mbedtls_mpi *d, const unsigned char *buf, size_t blen,
@@ -97,10 +99,19 @@
 /**
  * \brief           This function computes the ECDSA signature of a
  *                  previously-hashed message, deterministic version.
+ *
  *                  For more information, see <em>RFC-6979: Deterministic
  *                  Usage of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) and Elliptic
  *                  Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>.
  *
+ * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
+ *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated as
+ *                  defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
+ *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
+ *                  4.1.3, step 5.
+ *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param grp       The ECP group.
  * \param r         The first output integer.
  * \param s         The second output integer.
@@ -109,17 +120,9 @@
  * \param blen      The length of \p buf.
  * \param md_alg    The MD algorithm used to hash the message.
  *
- * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
- *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated as
- *                  defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
- *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
- *                  4.1.3, step 5.
- *
- * \return          \c 0 on success,
- *                  or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX
  *                  error code on failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_sign_det( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_mpi *r, mbedtls_mpi *s,
                     const mbedtls_mpi *d, const unsigned char *buf, size_t blen,
@@ -130,6 +133,14 @@
  * \brief           This function verifies the ECDSA signature of a
  *                  previously-hashed message.
  *
+ * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
+ *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated as
+ *                  defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
+ *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
+ *                  4.1.4, step 3.
+ *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param grp       The ECP group.
  * \param buf       The message hash.
  * \param blen      The length of \p buf.
@@ -137,18 +148,11 @@
  * \param r         The first integer of the signature.
  * \param s         The second integer of the signature.
  *
- * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
- *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated as
- *                  defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
- *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
- *                  4.1.4, step 3.
- *
- * \return          \c 0 on success,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if signature is invalid,
- *                  or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the signature
+ *                  is invalid.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX
  *                  error code on failure for any other reason.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_verify( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp,
                   const unsigned char *buf, size_t blen,
@@ -169,15 +173,6 @@
  *                  of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) and Elliptic
  *                  Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>.
  *
- * \param ctx       The ECDSA context.
- * \param md_alg    The message digest that was used to hash the message.
- * \param hash      The message hash.
- * \param hlen      The length of the hash.
- * \param sig       The buffer that holds the signature.
- * \param slen      The length of the signature written.
- * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng     The RNG parameter.
- *
  * \note            The \p sig buffer must be at least twice as large as the
  *                  size of the curve used, plus 9. For example, 73 Bytes if
  *                  a 256-bit curve is used. A buffer length of
@@ -189,11 +184,20 @@
  *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
  *                  4.1.3, step 5.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success,
- *                  or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX, \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX or
- *                  \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_XXX error code on failure.
- *
  * \see             ecp.h
+ *
+ * \param ctx       The ECDSA context.
+ * \param md_alg    The message digest that was used to hash the message.
+ * \param hash      The message hash.
+ * \param hlen      The length of the hash.
+ * \param sig       The buffer that holds the signature.
+ * \param slen      The length of the signature written.
+ * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
+ *
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX, \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX or
+ *                  \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_write_signature( mbedtls_ecdsa_context *ctx, mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg,
                            const unsigned char *hash, size_t hlen,
@@ -209,26 +213,17 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif
 /**
- * \brief   This function computes an ECDSA signature and writes it to a buffer,
- *          serialized as defined in <em>RFC-4492: Elliptic Curve Cryptography
- *          (ECC) Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)</em>.
+ * \brief           This function computes an ECDSA signature and writes
+ *                  it to a buffer, serialized as defined in <em>RFC-4492:
+ *                  Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Cipher Suites for
+ *                  Transport Layer Security (TLS)</em>.
  *
- *          The deterministic version is defined in <em>RFC-6979:
- *          Deterministic Usage of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) and
- *          Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>.
+ *                  The deterministic version is defined in <em>RFC-6979:
+ *                  Deterministic Usage of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)
+ *                  and Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>.
  *
  * \warning         It is not thread-safe to use the same context in
  *                  multiple threads.
-
- *
- * \deprecated      Superseded by mbedtls_ecdsa_write_signature() in 2.0.0
- *
- * \param ctx       The ECDSA context.
- * \param hash      The Message hash.
- * \param hlen      The length of the hash.
- * \param sig       The buffer that holds the signature.
- * \param slen      The length of the signature written.
- * \param md_alg    The MD algorithm used to hash the message.
  *
  * \note            The \p sig buffer must be at least twice as large as the
  *                  size of the curve used, plus 9. For example, 73 Bytes if a
@@ -241,11 +236,21 @@
  *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
  *                  4.1.3, step 5.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success,
- *                  or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX, \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX or
- *                  \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_XXX error code on failure.
- *
  * \see             ecp.h
+ *
+ * \deprecated      Superseded by mbedtls_ecdsa_write_signature() in
+ *                  Mbed TLS version 2.0 and later.
+ *
+ * \param ctx       The ECDSA context.
+ * \param hash      The message hash.
+ * \param hlen      The length of the hash.
+ * \param sig       The buffer that holds the signature.
+ * \param slen      The length of the signature written.
+ * \param md_alg    The MD algorithm used to hash the message.
+ *
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX, \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX or
+ *                  \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_write_signature_det( mbedtls_ecdsa_context *ctx,
                                const unsigned char *hash, size_t hlen,
@@ -258,26 +263,26 @@
 /**
  * \brief           This function reads and verifies an ECDSA signature.
  *
- * \param ctx       The ECDSA context.
- * \param hash      The message hash.
- * \param hlen      The size of the hash.
- * \param sig       The signature to read and verify.
- * \param slen      The size of \p sig.
- *
  * \note            If the bitlength of the message hash is larger than the
  *                  bitlength of the group order, then the hash is truncated as
  *                  defined in <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group
  *                  (SECG): SEC1 Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, section
  *                  4.1.4, step 3.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if signature is invalid,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH if there is a valid
- *                  signature in sig but its length is less than \p siglen,
- *                  or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX
- *                  error code on failure for any other reason.
- *
  * \see             ecp.h
+ *
+ * \param ctx       The ECDSA context.
+ * \param hash      The message hash.
+ * \param hlen      The size of the hash.
+ * \param sig       The signature to read and verify.
+ * \param slen      The size of \p sig.
+ *
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if signature is invalid.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH if there is a valid
+ *                  signature in \p sig, but its length is less than \p siglen.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX
+ *                  error code on failure for any other reason.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_read_signature( mbedtls_ecdsa_context *ctx,
                           const unsigned char *hash, size_t hlen,
@@ -286,16 +291,16 @@
 /**
  * \brief          This function generates an ECDSA keypair on the given curve.
  *
+ * \see            ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx      The ECDSA context to store the keypair in.
  * \param gid      The elliptic curve to use. One of the various
  *                 \c MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX macros depending on configuration.
  * \param f_rng    The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX code on
- *                 failure.
- *
- * \see            ecp.h
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_genkey( mbedtls_ecdsa_context *ctx, mbedtls_ecp_group_id gid,
                   int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t), void *p_rng );
@@ -303,13 +308,13 @@
 /**
  * \brief           This function sets an ECDSA context from an EC key pair.
  *
+ * \see             ecp.h
+ *
  * \param ctx       The ECDSA context to set.
  * \param key       The EC key to use.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX code on
- *                  failure.
- *
- * \see             ecp.h
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecdsa_from_keypair( mbedtls_ecdsa_context *ctx, const mbedtls_ecp_keypair *key );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ecjpake.h b/include/mbedtls/ecjpake.h
index d86e820..cc2b316 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ecjpake.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ecjpake.h
@@ -44,8 +44,6 @@
 #include "ecp.h"
 #include "md.h"
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT)
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
@@ -58,6 +56,7 @@
     MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_SERVER,             /**< Server                         */
 } mbedtls_ecjpake_role;
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT)
 /**
  * EC J-PAKE context structure.
  *
@@ -88,6 +87,10 @@
     mbedtls_mpi s;                      /**< Pre-shared secret (passphrase) */
 } mbedtls_ecjpake_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT */
+#include "ecjpake_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief           Initialize a context
  *                  (just makes it ready for setup() or free()).
@@ -225,20 +228,10 @@
  */
 void mbedtls_ecjpake_free( mbedtls_ecjpake_context *ctx );
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
 
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT */
-#include "ecjpake_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine
  *
@@ -246,10 +239,11 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_ecjpake_self_test( int verbose );
 
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
 
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
 
 #endif /* ecjpake.h */
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ecp.h b/include/mbedtls/ecp.h
index e024da8..3a40798 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ecp.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ecp.h
@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
 /**
  * \file ecp.h
  *
- * \brief Elliptic curves over GF(p)
+ * \brief This file provides an API for Elliptic Curves over GF(P) (ECP).
+ *
+ * The use of ECP in cryptography and TLS is defined in
+ * <em>Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group (SECG): SEC1
+ * Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em> and
+ * <em>RFC-4492: Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Cipher Suites
+ * for Transport Layer Security (TLS)</em>.
+ *
+ * <em>RFC-2409: The Internet Key Exchange (IKE)</em> defines ECP
+ * group types.
+ *
  */
+
 /*
- *  Copyright (C) 2006-2015, ARM Limited, All Rights Reserved
+ *  Copyright (C) 2006-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved
  *  SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  *
  *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
@@ -19,8 +30,9 @@
  *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  *  limitations under the License.
  *
- *  This file is part of mbed TLS (https://tls.mbed.org)
+ *  This file is part of Mbed TLS (https://tls.mbed.org)
  */
+
 #ifndef MBEDTLS_ECP_H
 #define MBEDTLS_ECP_H
 
@@ -31,13 +43,81 @@
  */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA                    -0x4F80  /**< Bad input parameters to function. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL                  -0x4F00  /**< The buffer is too small to write to. */
-#define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE               -0x4E80  /**< Requested curve not available. */
+#define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE               -0x4E80  /**< The requested feature is not available, for example, the requested curve is not supported. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_VERIFY_FAILED                     -0x4E00  /**< The signature is not valid. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_ALLOC_FAILED                      -0x4D80  /**< Memory allocation failed. */
-#define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_RANDOM_FAILED                     -0x4D00  /**< Generation of random value, such as (ephemeral) key, failed. */
+#define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_RANDOM_FAILED                     -0x4D00  /**< Generation of random value, such as ephemeral key, failed. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY                       -0x4C80  /**< Invalid private or public key. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH                  -0x4C00  /**< The buffer contains a valid signature followed by more data. */
-#define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x4B80  /**< ECP hardware accelerator failed. */
+#define MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x4B80  /**< The ECP hardware accelerator failed. */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Domain-parameter identifiers: curve, subgroup, and generator.
+ *
+ * \note Only curves over prime fields are supported.
+ *
+ * \warning This library does not support validation of arbitrary domain
+ * parameters. Therefore, only standardized domain parameters from trusted
+ * sources should be used. See mbedtls_ecp_group_load().
+ */
+typedef enum
+{
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_NONE = 0,       /*!< Curve not defined. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP192R1,      /*!< Domain parameters for the 192-bit curve defined by FIPS 186-4 and SEC1. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP224R1,      /*!< Domain parameters for the 224-bit curve defined by FIPS 186-4 and SEC1. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256R1,      /*!< Domain parameters for the 256-bit curve defined by FIPS 186-4 and SEC1. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP384R1,      /*!< Domain parameters for the 384-bit curve defined by FIPS 186-4 and SEC1. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP521R1,      /*!< Domain parameters for the 521-bit curve defined by FIPS 186-4 and SEC1. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_BP256R1,        /*!< Domain parameters for 256-bit Brainpool curve. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_BP384R1,        /*!< Domain parameters for 384-bit Brainpool curve. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_BP512R1,        /*!< Domain parameters for 512-bit Brainpool curve. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519,     /*!< Domain parameters for Curve25519. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP192K1,      /*!< Domain parameters for 192-bit "Koblitz" curve. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP224K1,      /*!< Domain parameters for 224-bit "Koblitz" curve. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256K1,      /*!< Domain parameters for 256-bit "Koblitz" curve. */
+    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448,       /*!< Domain parameters for Curve448. */
+} mbedtls_ecp_group_id;
+
+/**
+ * The number of supported curves, plus one for #MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_NONE.
+ *
+ * \note Montgomery curves are currently excluded.
+ */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_MAX     12
+
+/**
+ * Curve information, for use by other modules.
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    mbedtls_ecp_group_id grp_id;    /*!< An internal identifier. */
+    uint16_t tls_id;                /*!< The TLS NamedCurve identifier. */
+    uint16_t bit_size;              /*!< The curve size in bits. */
+    const char *name;               /*!< A human-friendly name. */
+} mbedtls_ecp_curve_info;
+
+/**
+ * \brief           The ECP point structure, in Jacobian coordinates.
+ *
+ * \note            All functions expect and return points satisfying
+ *                  the following condition: <code>Z == 0</code> or
+ *                  <code>Z == 1</code>. Other values of \p Z are
+ *                  used only by internal functions.
+ *                  The point is zero, or "at infinity", if <code>Z == 0</code>.
+ *                  Otherwise, \p X and \p Y are its standard (affine)
+ *                  coordinates.
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    mbedtls_mpi X;          /*!< The X coordinate of the ECP point. */
+    mbedtls_mpi Y;          /*!< The Y coordinate of the ECP point. */
+    mbedtls_mpi Z;          /*!< The Z coordinate of the ECP point. */
+}
+mbedtls_ecp_point;
 
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT)
 /*
@@ -48,144 +128,72 @@
  * one.)
  */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
- * Domain parameters (curve, subgroup and generator) identifiers.
+ * \brief           The ECP group structure.
  *
- * Only curves over prime fields are supported.
+ * We consider two types of curve equations:
+ * <ul><li>Short Weierstrass: <code>y^2 = x^3 + A x + B mod P</code>
+ * (SEC1 + RFC-4492)</li>
+ * <li>Montgomery: <code>y^2 = x^3 + A x^2 + x mod P</code> (Curve25519,
+ * Curve448)</li></ul>
+ * In both cases, the generator (\p G) for a prime-order subgroup is fixed.
  *
- * \warning This library does not support validation of arbitrary domain
- * parameters. Therefore, only well-known domain parameters from trusted
- * sources should be used. See mbedtls_ecp_group_load().
- */
-typedef enum
-{
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_NONE = 0,
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP192R1,      /*!< 192-bits NIST curve  */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP224R1,      /*!< 224-bits NIST curve  */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256R1,      /*!< 256-bits NIST curve  */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP384R1,      /*!< 384-bits NIST curve  */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP521R1,      /*!< 521-bits NIST curve  */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_BP256R1,        /*!< 256-bits Brainpool curve */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_BP384R1,        /*!< 384-bits Brainpool curve */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_BP512R1,        /*!< 512-bits Brainpool curve */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519,     /*!< Curve25519               */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448,       /*!< Curve448                 */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP192K1,      /*!< 192-bits "Koblitz" curve */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP224K1,      /*!< 224-bits "Koblitz" curve */
-    MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256K1,      /*!< 256-bits "Koblitz" curve */
-} mbedtls_ecp_group_id;
-
-/**
- * Number of supported curves (plus one for NONE).
+ * For Short Weierstrass, this subgroup is the whole curve, and its
+ * cardinality is denoted by \p N. Our code requires that \p N is an
+ * odd prime as mbedtls_ecp_mul() requires an odd number, and
+ * mbedtls_ecdsa_sign() requires that it is prime for blinding purposes.
  *
- * (Montgomery curves excluded for now.)
- */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_MAX     12
-
-/**
- * Curve information for use by other modules
+ * For Montgomery curves, we do not store \p A, but <code>(A + 2) / 4</code>,
+ * which is the quantity used in the formulas. Additionally, \p nbits is
+ * not the size of \p N but the required size for private keys.
+ *
+ * If \p modp is NULL, reduction modulo \p P is done using a generic algorithm.
+ * Otherwise, \p modp must point to a function that takes an \p mbedtls_mpi in the
+ * range of <code>0..2^(2*pbits)-1</code>, and transforms it in-place to an integer
+ * which is congruent mod \p P to the given MPI, and is close enough to \p pbits
+ * in size, so that it may be efficiently brought in the 0..P-1 range by a few
+ * additions or subtractions. Therefore, it is only an approximative modular
+ * reduction. It must return 0 on success and non-zero on failure.
+ *
  */
 typedef struct
 {
-    mbedtls_ecp_group_id grp_id;    /*!< Internal identifier        */
-    uint16_t tls_id;                /*!< TLS NamedCurve identifier  */
-    uint16_t bit_size;              /*!< Curve size in bits         */
-    const char *name;               /*!< Human-friendly name        */
-} mbedtls_ecp_curve_info;
-
-/**
- * \brief           ECP point structure (jacobian coordinates)
- *
- * \note            All functions expect and return points satisfying
- *                  the following condition: Z == 0 or Z == 1. (Other
- *                  values of Z are used by internal functions only.)
- *                  The point is zero, or "at infinity", if Z == 0.
- *                  Otherwise, X and Y are its standard (affine) coordinates.
- */
-typedef struct
-{
-    mbedtls_mpi X;          /*!<  the point's X coordinate  */
-    mbedtls_mpi Y;          /*!<  the point's Y coordinate  */
-    mbedtls_mpi Z;          /*!<  the point's Z coordinate  */
-}
-mbedtls_ecp_point;
-
-/**
- * \brief           ECP group structure
- *
- * We consider two types of curves equations:
- * 1. Short Weierstrass y^2 = x^3 + A x + B     mod P   (SEC1 + RFC 4492)
- * 2. Montgomery,       y^2 = x^3 + A x^2 + x   mod P   (Curve25519 + draft)
- * In both cases, a generator G for a prime-order subgroup is fixed. In the
- * short weierstrass, this subgroup is actually the whole curve, and its
- * cardinal is denoted by N.
- *
- * In the case of Short Weierstrass curves, our code requires that N is an odd
- * prime. (Use odd in mbedtls_ecp_mul() and prime in mbedtls_ecdsa_sign() for blinding.)
- *
- * In the case of Montgomery curves, we don't store A but (A + 2) / 4 which is
- * the quantity actually used in the formulas. Also, nbits is not the size of N
- * but the required size for private keys.
- *
- * If modp is NULL, reduction modulo P is done using a generic algorithm.
- * Otherwise, it must point to a function that takes an mbedtls_mpi in the range
- * 0..2^(2*pbits)-1 and transforms it in-place in an integer of little more
- * than pbits, so that the integer may be efficiently brought in the 0..P-1
- * range by a few additions or substractions. It must return 0 on success and
- * non-zero on failure.
- */
-typedef struct
-{
-    mbedtls_ecp_group_id id;    /*!<  internal group identifier                     */
-    mbedtls_mpi P;              /*!<  prime modulus of the base field               */
-    mbedtls_mpi A;              /*!<  1. A in the equation, or 2. (A + 2) / 4       */
-    mbedtls_mpi B;              /*!<  1. B in the equation, or 2. unused            */
-    mbedtls_ecp_point G;        /*!<  generator of the (sub)group used              */
-    mbedtls_mpi N;              /*!<  the order of G                                */
-    size_t pbits;       /*!<  number of bits in P                           */
-    size_t nbits;       /*!<  number of bits in 1. P, or 2. private keys    */
-    unsigned int h;     /*!<  internal: 1 if the constants are static       */
-    int (*modp)(mbedtls_mpi *); /*!<  function for fast reduction mod P             */
-    int (*t_pre)(mbedtls_ecp_point *, void *);  /*!< unused                         */
-    int (*t_post)(mbedtls_ecp_point *, void *); /*!< unused                         */
-    void *t_data;                       /*!< unused                         */
-    mbedtls_ecp_point *T;       /*!<  pre-computed points for ecp_mul_comb()        */
-    size_t T_size;      /*!<  number for pre-computed points                */
+    mbedtls_ecp_group_id id;    /*!< An internal group identifier. */
+    mbedtls_mpi P;              /*!< The prime modulus of the base field. */
+    mbedtls_mpi A;              /*!< For Short Weierstrass: \p A in the equation. For
+                                     Montgomery curves: <code>(A + 2) / 4</code>. */
+    mbedtls_mpi B;              /*!< For Short Weierstrass: \p B in the equation.
+                                     For Montgomery curves: unused. */
+    mbedtls_ecp_point G;        /*!< The generator of the subgroup used. */
+    mbedtls_mpi N;              /*!< The order of \p G. */
+    size_t pbits;               /*!< The number of bits in \p P.*/
+    size_t nbits;               /*!< For Short Weierstrass: The number of bits in \p P.
+                                     For Montgomery curves: the number of bits in the
+                                     private keys. */
+    unsigned int h;             /*!< \internal 1 if the constants are static. */
+    int (*modp)(mbedtls_mpi *); /*!< The function for fast pseudo-reduction
+                                     mod \p P (see above).*/
+    int (*t_pre)(mbedtls_ecp_point *, void *);  /*!< Unused. */
+    int (*t_post)(mbedtls_ecp_point *, void *); /*!< Unused. */
+    void *t_data;               /*!< Unused. */
+    mbedtls_ecp_point *T;       /*!< Pre-computed points for ecp_mul_comb(). */
+    size_t T_size;              /*!< The number of pre-computed points. */
 }
 mbedtls_ecp_group;
 
 /**
- * \brief           ECP key pair structure
- *
- * A generic key pair that could be used for ECDSA, fixed ECDH, etc.
- *
- * \note Members purposefully in the same order as struc mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
- */
-typedef struct
-{
-    mbedtls_ecp_group grp;      /*!<  Elliptic curve and base point     */
-    mbedtls_mpi d;              /*!<  our secret value                  */
-    mbedtls_ecp_point Q;        /*!<  our public value                  */
-}
-mbedtls_ecp_keypair;
-
-/**
  * \name SECTION: Module settings
  *
  * The configuration options you can set for this module are in this section.
- * Either change them in config.h or define them on the compiler command line.
+ * Either change them in config.h, or define them using the compiler command line.
  * \{
  */
 
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_MAX_BITS)
 /**
- * Maximum size of the groups (that is, of N and P)
+ * The maximum size of the groups, that is, of \c N and \c P.
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_MAX_BITS     521   /**< Maximum bit size of groups */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_MAX_BITS     521   /**< The maximum size of groups, in bits. */
 #endif
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ECP_MAX_BYTES    ( ( MBEDTLS_ECP_MAX_BITS + 7 ) / 8 )
@@ -208,11 +216,10 @@
  *      521       145     141     135     120      97
  *      384       214     209     198     177     146
  *      256       320     320     303     262     226
-
  *      224       475     475     453     398     342
  *      192       640     640     633     587     476
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_WINDOW_SIZE    6   /**< Maximum window size used */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_WINDOW_SIZE    6   /**< The maximum window size used. */
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_WINDOW_SIZE */
 
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_FIXED_POINT_OPTIM)
@@ -227,33 +234,55 @@
  *
  * Change this value to 0 to reduce peak memory usage.
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_FIXED_POINT_OPTIM  1   /**< Enable fixed-point speed-up */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_FIXED_POINT_OPTIM  1   /**< Enable fixed-point speed-up. */
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_FIXED_POINT_OPTIM */
 
 /* \} name SECTION: Module settings */
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT */
+#include "ecp_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT */
+
+/**
+ * \brief    The ECP key-pair structure.
+ *
+ * A generic key-pair that may be used for ECDSA and fixed ECDH, for example.
+ *
+ * \note    Members are deliberately in the same order as in the
+ *          ::mbedtls_ecdsa_context structure.
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    mbedtls_ecp_group grp;      /*!<  Elliptic curve and base point     */
+    mbedtls_mpi d;              /*!<  our secret value                  */
+    mbedtls_ecp_point Q;        /*!<  our public value                  */
+}
+mbedtls_ecp_keypair;
+
 /*
  * Point formats, from RFC 4492's enum ECPointFormat
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_UNCOMPRESSED    0   /**< Uncompressed point format */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_COMPRESSED      1   /**< Compressed point format */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_UNCOMPRESSED    0   /**< Uncompressed point format. */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_COMPRESSED      1   /**< Compressed point format. */
 
 /*
  * Some other constants from RFC 4492
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_ECP_TLS_NAMED_CURVE    3   /**< ECCurveType's named_curve */
+#define MBEDTLS_ECP_TLS_NAMED_CURVE    3   /**< The named_curve of ECCurveType. */
 
 /**
- * \brief           Get the list of supported curves in order of preferrence
- *                  (full information)
+ * \brief           This function retrieves the information defined in
+ *                  mbedtls_ecp_curve_info() for all supported curves in order
+ *                  of preference.
  *
- * \return          A statically allocated array, the last entry is 0.
+ * \return          A statically allocated array. The last entry is 0.
  */
 const mbedtls_ecp_curve_info *mbedtls_ecp_curve_list( void );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Get the list of supported curves in order of preferrence
- *                  (grp_id only)
+ * \brief           This function retrieves the list of internal group
+ *                  identifiers of all supported curves in the order of
+ *                  preference.
  *
  * \return          A statically allocated array,
  *                  terminated with MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_NONE.
@@ -261,357 +290,400 @@
 const mbedtls_ecp_group_id *mbedtls_ecp_grp_id_list( void );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Get curve information from an internal group identifier
+ * \brief           This function retrieves curve information from an internal
+ *                  group identifier.
  *
- * \param grp_id    A MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX value
+ * \param grp_id    An \c MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX value.
  *
- * \return          The associated curve information or NULL
+ * \return          The associated curve information on success.
+ * \return          NULL on failure.
  */
 const mbedtls_ecp_curve_info *mbedtls_ecp_curve_info_from_grp_id( mbedtls_ecp_group_id grp_id );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Get curve information from a TLS NamedCurve value
+ * \brief           This function retrieves curve information from a TLS
+ *                  NamedCurve value.
  *
- * \param tls_id    A MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX value
+ * \param tls_id    An \c MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX value.
  *
- * \return          The associated curve information or NULL
+ * \return          The associated curve information on success.
+ * \return          NULL on failure.
  */
 const mbedtls_ecp_curve_info *mbedtls_ecp_curve_info_from_tls_id( uint16_t tls_id );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Get curve information from a human-readable name
+ * \brief           This function retrieves curve information from a
+ *                  human-readable name.
  *
- * \param name      The name
+ * \param name      The human-readable name.
  *
- * \return          The associated curve information or NULL
+ * \return          The associated curve information on success.
+ * \return          NULL on failure.
  */
 const mbedtls_ecp_curve_info *mbedtls_ecp_curve_info_from_name( const char *name );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Initialize a point (as zero)
+ * \brief           This function initializes a point as zero.
+ *
+ * \param pt        The point to initialize.
  */
 void mbedtls_ecp_point_init( mbedtls_ecp_point *pt );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Initialize a group (to something meaningless)
+ * \brief           This function initializes an ECP group context
+ *                  without loading any domain parameters.
+ *
+ * \note            After this function is called, domain parameters
+ *                  for various ECP groups can be loaded through the
+ *                  mbedtls_ecp_load() or mbedtls_ecp_tls_read_group()
+ *                  functions.
  */
 void mbedtls_ecp_group_init( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Initialize a key pair (as an invalid one)
+ * \brief           This function initializes a key pair as an invalid one.
+ *
+ * \param key       The key pair to initialize.
  */
 void mbedtls_ecp_keypair_init( mbedtls_ecp_keypair *key );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Free the components of a point
+ * \brief           This function frees the components of a point.
+ *
+ * \param pt        The point to free.
  */
 void mbedtls_ecp_point_free( mbedtls_ecp_point *pt );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Free the components of an ECP group
+ * \brief           This function frees the components of an ECP group.
+ * \param grp       The group to free.
  */
 void mbedtls_ecp_group_free( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Free the components of a key pair
+ * \brief           This function frees the components of a key pair.
+ * \param key       The key pair to free.
  */
 void mbedtls_ecp_keypair_free( mbedtls_ecp_keypair *key );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Copy the contents of point Q into P
+ * \brief           This function copies the contents of point \p Q into
+ *                  point \p P.
  *
- * \param P         Destination point
- * \param Q         Source point
+ * \param P         The destination point.
+ * \param Q         The source point.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED if memory allocation failed
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_copy( mbedtls_ecp_point *P, const mbedtls_ecp_point *Q );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Copy the contents of a group object
+ * \brief           This function copies the contents of group \p src into
+ *                  group \p dst.
  *
- * \param dst       Destination group
- * \param src       Source group
+ * \param dst       The destination group.
+ * \param src       The source group.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED if memory allocation failed
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_group_copy( mbedtls_ecp_group *dst, const mbedtls_ecp_group *src );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Set a point to zero
+ * \brief           This function sets a point to zero.
  *
- * \param pt        Destination point
+ * \param pt        The point to set.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED if memory allocation failed
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_set_zero( mbedtls_ecp_point *pt );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Tell if a point is zero
+ * \brief           This function checks if a point is zero.
  *
- * \param pt        Point to test
+ * \param pt        The point to test.
  *
- * \return          1 if point is zero, 0 otherwise
+ * \return          \c 1 if the point is zero.
+ * \return          \c 0 if the point is non-zero.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_is_zero( mbedtls_ecp_point *pt );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Compare two points
+ * \brief           This function compares two points.
  *
- * \note            This assumes the points are normalized. Otherwise,
+ * \note            This assumes that the points are normalized. Otherwise,
  *                  they may compare as "not equal" even if they are.
  *
- * \param P         First point to compare
- * \param Q         Second point to compare
+ * \param P         The first point to compare.
+ * \param Q         The second point to compare.
  *
- * \return          0 if the points are equal,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA otherwise
+ * \return          \c 0 if the points are equal.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the points are not equal.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_point_cmp( const mbedtls_ecp_point *P,
                            const mbedtls_ecp_point *Q );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Import a non-zero point from two ASCII strings
+ * \brief           This function imports a non-zero point from two ASCII
+ *                  strings.
  *
- * \param P         Destination point
- * \param radix     Input numeric base
- * \param x         First affine coordinate as a null-terminated string
- * \param y         Second affine coordinate as a null-terminated string
+ * \param P         The destination point.
+ * \param radix     The numeric base of the input.
+ * \param x         The first affine coordinate, as a null-terminated string.
+ * \param y         The second affine coordinate, as a null-terminated string.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful, or a MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX error code
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_point_read_string( mbedtls_ecp_point *P, int radix,
                            const char *x, const char *y );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Export a point into unsigned binary data
+ * \brief           This function exports a point into unsigned binary data.
  *
- * \param grp       Group to which the point should belong
- * \param P         Point to export
- * \param format    Point format, should be a MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_XXX macro
- * \param olen      Length of the actual output
- * \param buf       Output buffer
- * \param buflen    Length of the output buffer
+ * \param grp       The group to which the point should belong.
+ * \param P         The point to export.
+ * \param format    The point format. Should be an \c MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_XXX macro.
+ * \param olen      The length of the output.
+ * \param buf       The output buffer.
+ * \param buflen    The length of the output buffer.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  or MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA
- *                  or MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA
+ *                  or #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_point_write_binary( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, const mbedtls_ecp_point *P,
                             int format, size_t *olen,
                             unsigned char *buf, size_t buflen );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Import a point from unsigned binary data
+ * \brief           This function imports a point from unsigned binary data.
  *
- * \param grp       Group to which the point should belong
- * \param P         Point to import
- * \param buf       Input buffer
- * \param ilen      Actual length of input
+ * \note            This function does not check that the point actually
+ *                  belongs to the given group, see mbedtls_ecp_check_pubkey()
+ *                  for that.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if input is invalid,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED if memory allocation failed,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE if the point format
+ * \param grp       The group to which the point should belong.
+ * \param P         The point to import.
+ * \param buf       The input buffer.
+ * \param ilen      The length of the input.
+ *
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if input is invalid.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE if the point format
  *                  is not implemented.
  *
- * \note            This function does NOT check that the point actually
- *                  belongs to the given group, see mbedtls_ecp_check_pubkey() for
- *                  that.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_point_read_binary( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_ecp_point *P,
                            const unsigned char *buf, size_t ilen );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Import a point from a TLS ECPoint record
+ * \brief           This function imports a point from a TLS ECPoint record.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group used
- * \param pt        Destination point
- * \param buf       $(Start of input buffer)
- * \param len       Buffer length
+ * \note            On function return, \p buf is updated to point to immediately
+ *                  after the ECPoint record.
  *
- * \note            buf is updated to point right after the ECPoint on exit
+ * \param grp       The ECP group used.
+ * \param pt        The destination point.
+ * \param buf       The address of the pointer to the start of the input buffer.
+ * \param len       The length of the buffer.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX if initialization failed
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if input is invalid
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX error code on initialization failure.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if input is invalid.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_tls_read_point( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_ecp_point *pt,
                         const unsigned char **buf, size_t len );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Export a point as a TLS ECPoint record
+ * \brief           This function exports a point as a TLS ECPoint record.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group used
- * \param pt        Point to export
- * \param format    Export format
- * \param olen      length of data written
- * \param buf       Buffer to write to
- * \param blen      Buffer length
+ * \param grp       The ECP group used.
+ * \param pt        The point format to export to. The point format is an
+ *                  \c MBEDTLS_ECP_PF_XXX constant.
+ * \param format    The export format.
+ * \param olen      The length of the data written.
+ * \param buf       The buffer to write to.
+ * \param blen      The length of the buffer.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  or MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA
- *                  or MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA or
+ *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_tls_write_point( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, const mbedtls_ecp_point *pt,
                          int format, size_t *olen,
                          unsigned char *buf, size_t blen );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Set a group using well-known domain parameters
+ * \brief           This function sets a group using standardized domain parameters.
  *
- * \param grp       Destination group
- * \param id        Index in the list of well-known domain parameters
+ * \note            The index should be a value of the NamedCurve enum,
+ *                  as defined in <em>RFC-4492: Elliptic Curve Cryptography
+ *                  (ECC) Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)</em>,
+ *                  usually in the form of an \c MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX macro.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX if initialization failed
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE for unkownn groups
+ * \param grp       The destination group.
+ * \param id        The identifier of the domain parameter set to load.
  *
- * \note            Index should be a value of RFC 4492's enum NamedCurve,
- *                  usually in the form of a MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_XXX macro.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success,
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX error code on initialization failure.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE for unkownn groups.
+
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_group_load( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_ecp_group_id id );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Set a group from a TLS ECParameters record
+ * \brief           This function sets a group from a TLS ECParameters record.
  *
- * \param grp       Destination group
- * \param buf       &(Start of input buffer)
- * \param len       Buffer length
+ * \note            \p buf is updated to point right after the ECParameters record
+ *                  on exit.
  *
- * \note            buf is updated to point right after ECParameters on exit
+ * \param grp       The destination group.
+ * \param buf       The address of the pointer to the start of the input buffer.
+ * \param len       The length of the buffer.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX if initialization failed
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if input is invalid
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX error code on initialization failure.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if input is invalid.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_tls_read_group( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, const unsigned char **buf, size_t len );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Write the TLS ECParameters record for a group
+ * \brief           This function writes the TLS ECParameters record for a group.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group used
- * \param olen      Number of bytes actually written
- * \param buf       Buffer to write to
- * \param blen      Buffer length
+ * \param grp       The ECP group used.
+ * \param olen      The number of Bytes written.
+ * \param buf       The buffer to write to.
+ * \param blen      The length of the buffer.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  or MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_tls_write_group( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, size_t *olen,
                          unsigned char *buf, size_t blen );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Multiplication by an integer: R = m * P
- *                  (Not thread-safe to use same group in multiple threads)
+ * \brief           This function performs multiplication of a point by
+ *                  an integer: \p R = \p m * \p P.
  *
- * \note            In order to prevent timing attacks, this function
- *                  executes the exact same sequence of (base field)
- *                  operations for any valid m. It avoids any if-branch or
- *                  array index depending on the value of m.
+ *                  It is not thread-safe to use same group in multiple threads.
  *
- * \note            If f_rng is not NULL, it is used to randomize intermediate
- *                  results in order to prevent potential timing attacks
- *                  targeting these results. It is recommended to always
- *                  provide a non-NULL f_rng (the overhead is negligible).
+ * \note            To prevent timing attacks, this function
+ *                  executes the exact same sequence of base-field
+ *                  operations for any valid \p m. It avoids any if-branch or
+ *                  array index depending on the value of \p m.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group
- * \param R         Destination point
- * \param m         Integer by which to multiply
- * \param P         Point to multiply
- * \param f_rng     RNG function (see notes)
- * \param p_rng     RNG parameter
+ * \note            If \p f_rng is not NULL, it is used to randomize
+ *                  intermediate results to prevent potential timing attacks
+ *                  targeting these results. We recommend always providing
+ *                  a non-NULL \p f_rng. The overhead is negligible.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY if m is not a valid privkey
- *                  or P is not a valid pubkey,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED if memory allocation failed
+ * \param grp       The ECP group.
+ * \param R         The destination point.
+ * \param m         The integer by which to multiply.
+ * \param P         The point to multiply.
+ * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
+ *
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY if \p m is not a valid private
+ *                  key, or \p P is not a valid public key.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_mul( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_ecp_point *R,
              const mbedtls_mpi *m, const mbedtls_ecp_point *P,
              int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t), void *p_rng );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Multiplication and addition of two points by integers:
- *                  R = m * P + n * Q
- *                  (Not thread-safe to use same group in multiple threads)
+ * \brief           This function performs multiplication and addition of two
+ *                  points by integers: \p R = \p m * \p P + \p n * \p Q
  *
- * \note            In contrast to mbedtls_ecp_mul(), this function does not guarantee
- *                  a constant execution flow and timing.
+ *                  It is not thread-safe to use same group in multiple threads.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group
- * \param R         Destination point
- * \param m         Integer by which to multiply P
- * \param P         Point to multiply by m
- * \param n         Integer by which to multiply Q
- * \param Q         Point to be multiplied by n
+ * \note            In contrast to mbedtls_ecp_mul(), this function does not
+ *                  guarantee a constant execution flow and timing.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY if m or n is not a valid privkey
- *                  or P or Q is not a valid pubkey,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED if memory allocation failed
+ * \param grp       The ECP group.
+ * \param R         The destination point.
+ * \param m         The integer by which to multiply \p P.
+ * \param P         The point to multiply by \p m.
+ * \param n         The integer by which to multiply \p Q.
+ * \param Q         The point to be multiplied by \p n.
+ *
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY if \p m or \p n are not
+ *                  valid private keys, or \p P or \p Q are not valid public
+ *                  keys.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_muladd( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_ecp_point *R,
              const mbedtls_mpi *m, const mbedtls_ecp_point *P,
              const mbedtls_mpi *n, const mbedtls_ecp_point *Q );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Check that a point is a valid public key on this curve
+ * \brief           This function checks that a point is a valid public key
+ *                  on this curve.
  *
- * \param grp       Curve/group the point should belong to
- * \param pt        Point to check
+ *                  It only checks that the point is non-zero, has
+ *                  valid coordinates and lies on the curve. It does not verify
+ *                  that it is indeed a multiple of \p G. This additional
+ *                  check is computationally more expensive, is not required
+ *                  by standards, and should not be necessary if the group
+ *                  used has a small cofactor. In particular, it is useless for
+ *                  the NIST groups which all have a cofactor of 1.
  *
- * \return          0 if point is a valid public key,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY otherwise.
+ * \note            This function uses bare components rather than an
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure, to ease use with other
+ *                  structures, such as ::mbedtls_ecdh_context or
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
  *
- * \note            This function only checks the point is non-zero, has valid
- *                  coordinates and lies on the curve, but not that it is
- *                  indeed a multiple of G. This is additional check is more
- *                  expensive, isn't required by standards, and shouldn't be
- *                  necessary if the group used has a small cofactor. In
- *                  particular, it is useless for the NIST groups which all
- *                  have a cofactor of 1.
+ * \param grp       The curve the point should lie on.
+ * \param pt        The point to check.
  *
- * \note            Uses bare components rather than an mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure
- *                  in order to ease use with other structures such as
- *                  mbedtls_ecdh_context of mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
+ * \return          \c 0 if the point is a valid public key.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_check_pubkey( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, const mbedtls_ecp_point *pt );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Check that an mbedtls_mpi is a valid private key for this curve
+ * \brief           This function checks that an \p mbedtls_mpi is a valid private
+ *                  key for this curve.
  *
- * \param grp       Group used
- * \param d         Integer to check
+ * \note            This function uses bare components rather than an
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure to ease use with other
+ *                  structures, such as ::mbedtls_ecdh_context or
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
  *
- * \return          0 if point is a valid private key,
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY otherwise.
+ * \param grp       The group used.
+ * \param d         The integer to check.
  *
- * \note            Uses bare components rather than an mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure
- *                  in order to ease use with other structures such as
- *                  mbedtls_ecdh_context of mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
+ * \return          \c 0 if the point is a valid private key.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_check_privkey( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, const mbedtls_mpi *d );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Generate a keypair with configurable base point
+ * \brief           This function generates a keypair with a configurable base
+ *                  point.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group
- * \param G         Chosen base point
- * \param d         Destination MPI (secret part)
- * \param Q         Destination point (public part)
- * \param f_rng     RNG function
- * \param p_rng     RNG parameter
+ * \note            This function uses bare components rather than an
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure to ease use with other
+ *                  structures, such as ::mbedtls_ecdh_context or
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  or a MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code
+ * \param grp       The ECP group.
+ * \param G         The chosen base point.
+ * \param d         The destination MPI (secret part).
+ * \param Q         The destination point (public part).
+ * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \note            Uses bare components rather than an mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure
- *                  in order to ease use with other structures such as
- *                  mbedtls_ecdh_context of mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code
+ *                  on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_gen_keypair_base( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp,
                      const mbedtls_ecp_point *G,
@@ -620,57 +692,66 @@
                      void *p_rng );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Generate a keypair
+ * \brief           This function generates an ECP keypair.
  *
- * \param grp       ECP group
- * \param d         Destination MPI (secret part)
- * \param Q         Destination point (public part)
- * \param f_rng     RNG function
- * \param p_rng     RNG parameter
+ * \note            This function uses bare components rather than an
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure to ease use with other
+ *                  structures, such as ::mbedtls_ecdh_context or
+ *                  ::mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  or a MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code
+ * \param grp       The ECP group.
+ * \param d         The destination MPI (secret part).
+ * \param Q         The destination point (public part).
+ * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \note            Uses bare components rather than an mbedtls_ecp_keypair structure
- *                  in order to ease use with other structures such as
- *                  mbedtls_ecdh_context of mbedtls_ecdsa_context.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code
+ *                  on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_gen_keypair( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, mbedtls_mpi *d, mbedtls_ecp_point *Q,
                      int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
                      void *p_rng );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Generate a keypair
+ * \brief           This function generates an ECP key.
  *
- * \param grp_id    ECP group identifier
- * \param key       Destination keypair
- * \param f_rng     RNG function
- * \param p_rng     RNG parameter
+ * \param grp_id    The ECP group identifier.
+ * \param key       The destination key.
+ * \param f_rng     The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng     The RNG context.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful,
- *                  or a MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or \c MBEDTLS_MPI_XXX error code
+ *                  on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_gen_key( mbedtls_ecp_group_id grp_id, mbedtls_ecp_keypair *key,
                 int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t), void *p_rng );
 
 /**
- * \brief           Check a public-private key pair
+ * \brief           This function checks that the keypair objects
+ *                  \p pub and \p prv have the same group and the
+ *                  same public point, and that the private key in
+ *                  \p prv is consistent with the public key.
  *
- * \param pub       Keypair structure holding a public key
- * \param prv       Keypair structure holding a private (plus public) key
+ * \param pub       The keypair structure holding the public key.
+ *                  If it contains a private key, that part is ignored.
+ * \param prv       The keypair structure holding the full keypair.
  *
- * \return          0 if successful (keys are valid and match), or
- *                  MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA, or
- *                  a MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX code.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success, meaning that the keys are valid and match.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the keys are invalid or do not match.
+ * \return          An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_XXX or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_XXX
+ *                  error code on calculation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_check_pub_priv( const mbedtls_ecp_keypair *pub, const mbedtls_ecp_keypair *prv );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
 /**
- * \brief          Checkup routine
+ * \brief          The ECP checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         0 if successful, or 1 if a test failed
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_ecp_self_test( int verbose );
 
@@ -680,8 +761,4 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT */
-#include "ecp_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT */
-
 #endif /* ecp.h */
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/gcm.h b/include/mbedtls/gcm.h
index 1e5a507..3c22033 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/gcm.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/gcm.h
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 /**
  * \file gcm.h
  *
- * \brief Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) for 128-bit block ciphers, as defined
- *        in <em>D. McGrew, J. Viega, The Galois/Counter Mode of Operation
- *        (GCM), Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.</em>
+ * \brief This file contains GCM definitions and functions.
+ *
+ * The Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) for 128-bit block ciphers is defined
+ * in <em>D. McGrew, J. Viega, The Galois/Counter Mode of Operation
+ * (GCM), Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.</em>
  *
  * For more information on GCM, see <em>NIST SP 800-38D: Recommendation for
  * Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and GMAC</em>.
@@ -42,12 +44,12 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x0013  /**< GCM hardware accelerator failed. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT                         -0x0014  /**< Bad input parameters to function. */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT)
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT)
+
 /**
  * \brief          The GCM context structure.
  */
@@ -66,6 +68,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_gcm_context;
 
+#else  /* !MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT */
+#include "gcm_alt.h"
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief           This function initializes the specified GCM context,
  *                  to make references valid, and prepares the context
@@ -91,7 +97,8 @@
  *                  <li>192 bits</li>
  *                  <li>256 bits</li></ul>
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or a cipher specific error code.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          A cipher-specific error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_gcm_setkey( mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx,
                         mbedtls_cipher_id_t cipher,
@@ -101,15 +108,16 @@
 /**
  * \brief           This function performs GCM encryption or decryption of a buffer.
  *
- * \note For encryption, the output buffer can be the same as the input buffer.
- *       For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as input buffer.
- *       If the buffers overlap, the output buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes
- *       behind the input buffer.
+ * \note            For encryption, the output buffer can be the same as the
+ *                  input buffer. For decryption, the output buffer cannot be
+ *                  the same as input buffer. If the buffers overlap, the output
+ *                  buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes behind the input buffer.
  *
  * \param ctx       The GCM context to use for encryption or decryption.
  * \param mode      The operation to perform: #MBEDTLS_GCM_ENCRYPT or
  *                  #MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT.
- * \param length    The length of the input data. This must be a multiple of 16 except in the last call before mbedtls_gcm_finish().
+ * \param length    The length of the input data. This must be a multiple of 
+ *                  16 except in the last call before mbedtls_gcm_finish().
  * \param iv        The initialization vector.
  * \param iv_len    The length of the IV.
  * \param add       The buffer holding the additional data.
@@ -137,12 +145,13 @@
  * \brief           This function performs a GCM authenticated decryption of a
  *                  buffer.
  *
- * \note For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as input buffer.
- *       If the buffers overlap, the output buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes
- *       behind the input buffer.
+ * \note            For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as
+ *                  input buffer. If the buffers overlap, the output buffer
+ *                  must trail at least 8 Bytes behind the input buffer.
  *
  * \param ctx       The GCM context.
- * \param length    The length of the input data. This must be a multiple of 16 except in the last call before mbedtls_gcm_finish().
+ * \param length    The length of the input data. This must be a multiple
+ *                  of 16 except in the last call before mbedtls_gcm_finish().
  * \param iv        The initialization vector.
  * \param iv_len    The length of the IV.
  * \param add       The buffer holding the additional data.
@@ -152,8 +161,8 @@
  * \param input     The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param output    The buffer for holding the output data.
  *
- * \return         0 if successful and authenticated, or
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_AUTH_FAILED if tag does not match.
+ * \return         0 if successful and authenticated.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_AUTH_FAILED if the tag does not match.
  */
 int mbedtls_gcm_auth_decrypt( mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx,
                       size_t length,
@@ -175,10 +184,12 @@
  *                  #MBEDTLS_GCM_DECRYPT.
  * \param iv        The initialization vector.
  * \param iv_len    The length of the IV.
- * \param add       The buffer holding the additional data, or NULL if \p add_len is 0.
- * \param add_len   The length of the additional data. If 0, \p  add is NULL.
+ * \param add       The buffer holding the additional data, or NULL
+ *                  if \p add_len is 0.
+ * \param add_len   The length of the additional data. If 0,
+ *                  \p add is NULL.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
  */
 int mbedtls_gcm_starts( mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx,
                 int mode,
@@ -195,16 +206,18 @@
  *                  Bytes. Only the last call before calling
  *                  mbedtls_gcm_finish() can be less than 16 Bytes.
  *
- * \note For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as input buffer.
- *       If the buffers overlap, the output buffer must trail at least 8 Bytes
- *       behind the input buffer.
+ * \note            For decryption, the output buffer cannot be the same as
+ *                  input buffer. If the buffers overlap, the output buffer
+ *                  must trail at least 8 Bytes behind the input buffer.
  *
  * \param ctx       The GCM context.
- * \param length    The length of the input data. This must be a multiple of 16 except in the last call before mbedtls_gcm_finish().
+ * \param length    The length of the input data. This must be a multiple of
+ *                  16 except in the last call before mbedtls_gcm_finish().
  * \param input     The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param output    The buffer for holding the output data.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_gcm_update( mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx,
                 size_t length,
@@ -222,7 +235,8 @@
  * \param tag       The buffer for holding the tag.
  * \param tag_len   The length of the tag to generate. Must be at least four.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT on failure.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_gcm_finish( mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx,
                 unsigned char *tag,
@@ -236,22 +250,11 @@
  */
 void mbedtls_gcm_free( mbedtls_gcm_context *ctx );
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* !MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT */
-#include "gcm_alt.h"
-#endif /* !MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          The GCM checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_gcm_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/md.h b/include/mbedtls/md.h
index 06538c3..6b6f5c5 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/md.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/md.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
  /**
  * \file md.h
  *
- * \brief The generic message-digest wrapper.
+ * \brief This file contains the generic message-digest wrapper.
  *
  * \author Adriaan de Jong <dejong@fox-it.com>
  */
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /**
- * \brief     Enumeration of supported message digests
+ * \brief     Supported message digests.
  *
  * \warning   MD2, MD4, MD5 and SHA-1 are considered weak message digests and
  *            their use constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
@@ -54,16 +54,16 @@
  *
  */
 typedef enum {
-    MBEDTLS_MD_NONE=0,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_MD2,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_MD4,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_MD5,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA224,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA384,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA512,
-    MBEDTLS_MD_RIPEMD160,
+    MBEDTLS_MD_NONE=0,    /**< None. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_MD2,       /**< The MD2 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_MD4,       /**< The MD4 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_MD5,       /**< The MD5 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1,      /**< The SHA-1 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA224,    /**< The SHA-224 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256,    /**< The SHA-256 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA384,    /**< The SHA-384 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_SHA512,    /**< The SHA-512 message digest. */
+    MBEDTLS_MD_RIPEMD160, /**< The RIPEMD-160 message digest. */
 } mbedtls_md_type_t;
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@
  *
  * \param md_name   The name of the digest to search for.
  *
- * \return          The message-digest information associated with \p md_name,
- *                  or NULL if not found.
+ * \return          The message-digest information associated with \p md_name.
+ * \return          NULL if the associated message-digest information is not found.
  */
 const mbedtls_md_info_t *mbedtls_md_info_from_string( const char *md_name );
 
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
  *
  * \param md_type   The type of digest to search for.
  *
- * \return          The message-digest information associated with \p md_type,
- *                  or NULL if not found.
+ * \return          The message-digest information associated with \p md_type.
+ * \return          NULL if the associated message-digest information is not found.
  */
 const mbedtls_md_info_t *mbedtls_md_info_from_type( mbedtls_md_type_t md_type );
 
@@ -168,9 +168,10 @@
  * \param md_info   The information structure of the message-digest algorithm
  *                  to use.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter failure,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_ALLOC_FAILED memory allocation failure.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_init_ctx( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info ) MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED;
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
@@ -187,12 +188,13 @@
  * \param ctx       The context to set up.
  * \param md_info   The information structure of the message-digest algorithm
  *                  to use.
- * \param hmac      <ul><li>0: HMAC is not used. Saves some memory.</li>
- *                  <li>non-zero: HMAC is used with this context.</li></ul>
+ * \param hmac      Defines if HMAC is used. 0: HMAC is not used (saves some memory),
+ *                  or non-zero: HMAC is used with this context.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter failure, or
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_ALLOC_FAILED on memory allocation failure.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_ALLOC_FAILED on memory-allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_setup( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info, int hmac );
 
@@ -212,8 +214,8 @@
  * \param dst       The destination context.
  * \param src       The context to be cloned.
  *
- * \return          \c 0 on success,
- *                  #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter failure.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_clone( mbedtls_md_context_t *dst,
                       const mbedtls_md_context_t *src );
@@ -260,8 +262,9 @@
  *
  * \param ctx       The generic message-digest context.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_starts( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx );
 
@@ -277,8 +280,9 @@
  * \param input     The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen      The length of the input data.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_update( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen );
 
@@ -296,8 +300,9 @@
  * \param ctx       The generic message-digest context.
  * \param output    The buffer for the generic message-digest checksum result.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_finish( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, unsigned char *output );
 
@@ -315,8 +320,9 @@
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The generic message-digest checksum result.
  *
- * \returns        \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                 parameter verification fails.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                 failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
         unsigned char *output );
@@ -334,9 +340,10 @@
  * \param path     The input file name.
  * \param output   The generic message-digest checksum result.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success,
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_FILE_IO_ERROR if file input failed, or
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if \p md_info was NULL.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_FILE_IO_ERROR on an I/O error accessing
+ *                 the file pointed by \p path.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if \p md_info was NULL.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_file( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info, const char *path,
                      unsigned char *output );
@@ -356,8 +363,9 @@
  * \param key       The HMAC secret key.
  * \param keylen    The length of the HMAC key in Bytes.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *key,
                     size_t keylen );
@@ -377,8 +385,9 @@
  * \param input     The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen      The length of the input data.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_update( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                     size_t ilen );
@@ -397,8 +406,9 @@
  *                  context.
  * \param output    The generic HMAC checksum result.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, unsigned char *output);
 
@@ -413,8 +423,9 @@
  * \param ctx       The message digest context containing an embedded HMAC
  *                  context.
  *
- * \returns         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                  parameter verification fails.
+ * \return          \c 0 on success.
+ * \return          #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                  failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_reset( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx );
 
@@ -436,8 +447,9 @@
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The generic HMAC result.
  *
- * \returns        \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA if
- *                 parameter verification fails.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA on parameter-verification
+ *                 failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_md_hmac( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info, const unsigned char *key, size_t keylen,
                 const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/md2.h b/include/mbedtls/md2.h
index 0fd8b5a..08e75b2 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/md2.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/md2.h
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_MD2_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x002B  /**< MD2 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          MD2 context structure
  *
@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_md2_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT */
+#include "md2_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize MD2 context
  *
@@ -235,18 +239,6 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT */
-#include "md2_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Output = MD2( input buffer )
  *
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/md4.h b/include/mbedtls/md4.h
index 23fa95e..8ee4e5c 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/md4.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/md4.h
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_MD4_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x002D  /**< MD4 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          MD4 context structure
  *
@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_md4_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT */
+#include "md4_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize MD4 context
  *
@@ -238,18 +242,6 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT */
-#include "md4_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Output = MD4( input buffer )
  *
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/md5.h b/include/mbedtls/md5.h
index 06ea4c5..43ead4b 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/md5.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/md5.h
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_MD5_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                   -0x002F  /**< MD5 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          MD5 context structure
  *
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_md5_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT */
+#include "md5_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize MD5 context
  *
@@ -238,18 +242,6 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT */
-#include "md5_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Output = MD5( input buffer )
  *
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/platform.h b/include/mbedtls/platform.h
index ed10775..a53229b 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/platform.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/platform.h
@@ -1,7 +1,16 @@
 /**
  * \file platform.h
  *
- * \brief The Mbed TLS platform abstraction layer.
+ * \brief This file contains the definitions and functions of the
+ *        Mbed TLS platform abstraction layer.
+ *
+ *        The platform abstraction layer removes the need for the library
+ *        to directly link to standard C library functions or operating
+ *        system services, making the library easier to port and embed.
+ *        Application developers and users of the library can provide their own
+ *        implementations of these functions, or implementations specific to
+ *        their platform, which can be statically linked to the library or 
+ *        dynamically configured at runtime.
  */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2006-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved
@@ -102,7 +111,7 @@
 /* \} name SECTION: Module settings */
 
 /*
- * The function pointers for calloc and free
+ * The function pointers for calloc and free.
  */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_MEMORY)
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_FREE_MACRO) && \
@@ -116,7 +125,8 @@
 extern void (*mbedtls_free)( void *ptr );
 
 /**
- * \brief   This function allows configuring custom memory-management functions.
+ * \brief               This function dynamically sets the memory-management
+ *                      functions used by the library, during runtime.
  *
  * \param calloc_func   The \c calloc function implementation.
  * \param free_func     The \c free function implementation.
@@ -140,7 +150,9 @@
 extern int (*mbedtls_fprintf)( FILE *stream, const char *format, ... );
 
 /**
- * \brief   This function allows configuring a custom \p fprintf function pointer.
+ * \brief                This function dynamically configures the fprintf
+ *                       function that is called when the
+ *                       mbedtls_fprintf() function is invoked by the library.
  *
  * \param fprintf_func   The \c fprintf function implementation.
  *
@@ -163,8 +175,9 @@
 extern int (*mbedtls_printf)( const char *format, ... );
 
 /**
- * \brief    This function allows configuring a custom \c printf function
- *           pointer.
+ * \brief               This function dynamically configures the snprintf
+ *                      function that is called when the mbedtls_snprintf()
+ *                      function is invoked by the library.
  *
  * \param printf_func   The \c printf function implementation.
  *
@@ -197,12 +210,12 @@
 extern int (*mbedtls_snprintf)( char * s, size_t n, const char * format, ... );
 
 /**
- * \brief   This function allows configuring a custom \c snprintf function
- *          pointer.
+ * \brief                 This function allows configuring a custom
+ *                        \c snprintf function pointer.
  *
  * \param snprintf_func   The \c snprintf function implementation.
  *
- * \return    \c 0 on success.
+ * \return                \c 0 on success.
  */
 int mbedtls_platform_set_snprintf( int (*snprintf_func)( char * s, size_t n,
                                                  const char * format, ... ) );
@@ -210,7 +223,7 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_SNPRINTF_MACRO)
 #define mbedtls_snprintf   MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_SNPRINTF_MACRO
 #else
-#define mbedtls_snprintf   snprintf
+#define mbedtls_snprintf   MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_STD_SNPRINTF
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_SNPRINTF_MACRO */
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_SNPRINTF_ALT */
 
@@ -221,12 +234,13 @@
 extern void (*mbedtls_exit)( int status );
 
 /**
- * \brief   This function allows configuring a custom \c exit function
- *          pointer.
+ * \brief             This function dynamically configures the exit
+ *                    function that is called when the mbedtls_exit()
+ *                    function is invoked by the library.
  *
  * \param exit_func   The \c exit function implementation.
  *
- * \return  \c 0 on success.
+ * \return            \c 0 on success.
  */
 int mbedtls_platform_set_exit( void (*exit_func)( int status ) );
 #else
@@ -302,7 +316,7 @@
  *          setup or teardown operations.
  */
 typedef struct {
-    char dummy; /**< Placeholder member, as empty structs are not portable. */
+    char dummy; /**< A placeholder member, as empty structs are not portable. */
 }
 mbedtls_platform_context;
 
@@ -311,33 +325,34 @@
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_SETUP_TEARDOWN_ALT */
 
 /**
- * \brief   This function performs any platform initialization operations.
+ * \brief   This function performs any platform-specific initialization
+ *          operations.
  *
- * \param   ctx     The Mbed TLS context.
+ * \note    This function should be called before any other library functions.
+ *
+ *          Its implementation is platform-specific, and unless
+ *          platform-specific code is provided, it does nothing. 
+ *
+ * \note    The usage and necessity of this function is dependent on the platform.
+ *
+ * \param   ctx     The platform context.
  *
  * \return  \c 0 on success.
- *
- * \note    This function is intended to allow platform-specific initialization,
- *          and should be called before any other library functions. Its
- *          implementation is platform-specific, and unless
- *          platform-specific code is provided, it does nothing.
- *
- *          Its use and whether it is necessary to call it is dependent on the
- *          platform.
  */
 int mbedtls_platform_setup( mbedtls_platform_context *ctx );
 /**
  * \brief   This function performs any platform teardown operations.
  *
- * \param   ctx     The Mbed TLS context.
- *
  * \note    This function should be called after every other Mbed TLS module
  *          has been correctly freed using the appropriate free function.
+ *
  *          Its implementation is platform-specific, and unless
  *          platform-specific code is provided, it does nothing.
  *
- *          Its use and whether it is necessary to call it is dependent on the
- *          platform.
+ * \note    The usage and necessity of this function is dependent on the platform.
+ *
+ * \param   ctx     The platform context.
+ *
  */
 void mbedtls_platform_teardown( mbedtls_platform_context *ctx );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ripemd160.h b/include/mbedtls/ripemd160.h
index 3a8b50a..a0dac0c 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ripemd160.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ripemd160.h
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_RIPEMD160_HW_ACCEL_FAILED             -0x0031  /**< RIPEMD160 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          RIPEMD-160 context structure
  */
@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_ripemd160_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT */
+#include "ripemd160.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize RIPEMD-160 context
  *
@@ -178,18 +182,6 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT */
-#include "ripemd160_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Output = RIPEMD-160( input buffer )
  *
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/rsa.h b/include/mbedtls/rsa.h
index 5548f3c..df6e3e5 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/rsa.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/rsa.h
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 /**
  * \file rsa.h
  *
- * \brief The RSA public-key cryptosystem.
+ * \brief This file provides an API for the RSA public-key cryptosystem.
  *
- * For more information, see <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS)
- * #1 v1.5: RSA Encryption</em> and <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards
- * (PKCS) #1 v2.1: RSA Cryptography Specifications</em>.
+ * The RSA public-key cryptosystem is defined in <em>Public-Key
+ * Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1 v1.5: RSA Encryption</em>
+ * and <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1 v2.1: 
+ * RSA Cryptography Specifications</em>.
  *
  */
 /*
@@ -63,8 +64,8 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC      0 /**< Request private key operation. */
 #define MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE     1 /**< Request public key operation. */
 
-#define MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15    0 /**< Use PKCS-1 v1.5 encoding. */
-#define MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21    1 /**< Use PKCS-1 v2.1 encoding. */
+#define MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15    0 /**< Use PKCS#1 v1.5 encoding. */
+#define MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21    1 /**< Use PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding. */
 
 #define MBEDTLS_RSA_SIGN        1 /**< Identifier for RSA signature operations. */
 #define MBEDTLS_RSA_CRYPT       2 /**< Identifier for RSA encryption and decryption operations. */
@@ -76,14 +77,14 @@
  * eg for alternative (PKCS#11) RSA implemenations in the PK layers.
  */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief   The RSA context structure.
  *
@@ -96,24 +97,24 @@
     int ver;                    /*!<  Always 0.*/
     size_t len;                 /*!<  The size of \p N in Bytes. */
 
-    mbedtls_mpi N;                      /*!<  The public modulus. */
-    mbedtls_mpi E;                      /*!<  The public exponent. */
+    mbedtls_mpi N;              /*!<  The public modulus. */
+    mbedtls_mpi E;              /*!<  The public exponent. */
 
-    mbedtls_mpi D;                      /*!<  The private exponent. */
-    mbedtls_mpi P;                      /*!<  The first prime factor. */
-    mbedtls_mpi Q;                      /*!<  The second prime factor. */
+    mbedtls_mpi D;              /*!<  The private exponent. */
+    mbedtls_mpi P;              /*!<  The first prime factor. */
+    mbedtls_mpi Q;              /*!<  The second prime factor. */
 
-    mbedtls_mpi DP;                     /*!<  \p D % (P - 1)       */
-    mbedtls_mpi DQ;                     /*!<  \p D % (Q - 1)       */
-    mbedtls_mpi QP;                     /*!<  1 / (Q % P)       */
+    mbedtls_mpi DP;             /*!<  <code>D % (P - 1)</code>. */
+    mbedtls_mpi DQ;             /*!<  <code>D % (Q - 1)</code>. */
+    mbedtls_mpi QP;             /*!<  <code>1 / (Q % P)</code>. */
 
-    mbedtls_mpi RN;                     /*!<  cached R^2 mod \p N  */
+    mbedtls_mpi RN;             /*!<  cached <code>R^2 mod N</code>. */
 
-    mbedtls_mpi RP;                     /*!<  cached R^2 mod \p P  */
-    mbedtls_mpi RQ;                     /*!<  cached R^2 mod \p Q  */
+    mbedtls_mpi RP;             /*!<  cached <code>R^2 mod P</code>. */
+    mbedtls_mpi RQ;             /*!<  cached <code>R^2 mod Q</code>. */
 
-    mbedtls_mpi Vi;                     /*!<  The cached blinding value. */
-    mbedtls_mpi Vf;                     /*!<  The cached un-blinding value. */
+    mbedtls_mpi Vi;             /*!<  The cached blinding value. */
+    mbedtls_mpi Vf;             /*!<  The cached un-blinding value. */
 
     int padding;                /*!< Selects padding mode:
                                      #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15 for 1.5 padding and
@@ -128,18 +129,16 @@
 }
 mbedtls_rsa_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT */
+#include "rsa_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          This function initializes an RSA context.
  *
  * \note           Set padding to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21 for the RSAES-OAEP
  *                 encryption scheme and the RSASSA-PSS signature scheme.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context to initialize.
- * \param padding  Selects padding mode: #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15 or
- *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21.
- * \param hash_id  The hash identifier of #mbedtls_md_type_t type, if
- *                 \p padding is #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21.
- *
  * \note           The \p hash_id parameter is ignored when using
  *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15 padding.
  *
@@ -153,6 +152,12 @@
  *                 encryption. For PSS signatures, it is always used for
  *                 making signatures, but can be overriden for verifying them.
  *                 If set to #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE, it is always overriden.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context to initialize.
+ * \param padding  Selects padding mode: #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15 or
+ *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21.
+ * \param hash_id  The hash identifier of #mbedtls_md_type_t type, if
+ *                 \p padding is #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V21.
  */
 void mbedtls_rsa_init( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                        int padding,
@@ -162,13 +167,6 @@
  * \brief          This function imports a set of core parameters into an
  *                 RSA context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context to store the parameters in.
- * \param N        The RSA modulus, or NULL.
- * \param P        The first prime factor of \p N, or NULL.
- * \param Q        The second prime factor of \p N, or NULL.
- * \param D        The private exponent, or NULL.
- * \param E        The public exponent, or NULL.
- *
  * \note           This function can be called multiple times for successive
  *                 imports, if the parameters are not simultaneously present.
  *
@@ -184,7 +182,15 @@
  * \note           The imported parameters are copied and need not be preserved
  *                 for the lifetime of the RSA context being set up.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or a non-zero error code on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context to store the parameters in.
+ * \param N        The RSA modulus, or NULL.
+ * \param P        The first prime factor of \p N, or NULL.
+ * \param Q        The second prime factor of \p N, or NULL.
+ * \param D        The private exponent, or NULL.
+ * \param E        The public exponent, or NULL.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         A non-zero error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_import( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                         const mbedtls_mpi *N,
@@ -195,6 +201,21 @@
  * \brief          This function imports core RSA parameters, in raw big-endian
  *                 binary format, into an RSA context.
  *
+ * \note           This function can be called multiple times for successive
+ *                 imports, if the parameters are not simultaneously present.
+ *
+ *                 Any sequence of calls to this function should be followed
+ *                 by a call to mbedtls_rsa_complete(), which checks and
+ *                 completes the provided information to a ready-for-use
+ *                 public or private RSA key.
+ *
+ * \note           See mbedtls_rsa_complete() for more information on which
+ *                 parameters are necessary to set up a private or public
+ *                 RSA key.
+ *
+ * \note           The imported parameters are copied and need not be preserved
+ *                 for the lifetime of the RSA context being set up.
+ *
  * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context to store the parameters in.
  * \param N        The RSA modulus, or NULL.
  * \param N_len    The Byte length of \p N, ignored if \p N == NULL.
@@ -207,22 +228,8 @@
  * \param E        The public exponent, or NULL.
  * \param E_len    The Byte length of \p E, ignored if \p E == NULL.
  *
- * \note           This function can be called multiple times for successive
- *                 imports, if the parameters are not simultaneously present.
- *
- *                 Any sequence of calls to this function should be followed
- *                 by a call to mbedtls_rsa_complete(), which checks and
- *                 completes the provided information to a ready-for-use
- *                 public or private RSA key.
- *
- * \note           See mbedtls_rsa_complete() for more information on which
- *                 parameters are necessary to set up a private or public
- *                 RSA key.
- *
- * \note           The imported parameters are copied and need not be preserved
- *                 for the lifetime of the RSA context being set up.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or a non-zero error code on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         A non-zero error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                             unsigned char const *N, size_t N_len,
@@ -250,17 +257,18 @@
  *                 the RSA context can be used for RSA operations without
  *                 the risk of failure or crash.
  *
- * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context holding imported parameters.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the
- *                 attempted derivations failed.
- *
  * \warning        This function need not perform consistency checks
  *                 for the imported parameters. In particular, parameters that
  *                 are not needed by the implementation might be silently
  *                 discarded and left unchecked. To check the consistency
  *                 of the key material, see mbedtls_rsa_check_privkey().
  *
+ * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context holding imported parameters.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the attempted derivations
+ *                 failed.
+ *
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_complete( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx );
 
@@ -292,11 +300,11 @@
  * \param D        The MPI to hold the private exponent, or NULL.
  * \param E        The MPI to hold the public exponent, or NULL.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success,
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if exporting the
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if exporting the
  *                 requested parameters cannot be done due to missing
- *                 functionality or because of security policies,
- *                 or a non-zero return code on any other failure.
+ *                 functionality or because of security policies.
+ * \return         A non-zero return code on any other failure.
  *
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_export( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
@@ -324,6 +332,9 @@
  *                 If the function fails due to an unsupported operation,
  *                 the RSA context stays intact and remains usable.
  *
+ * \note           The length parameters are ignored if the corresponding
+ *                 buffer pointers are NULL.
+ *
  * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context.
  * \param N        The Byte array to store the RSA modulus, or NULL.
  * \param N_len    The size of the buffer for the modulus.
@@ -331,21 +342,18 @@
  *                 NULL.
  * \param P_len    The size of the buffer for the first prime factor.
  * \param Q        The Byte array to hold the second prime factor of \p N, or
-                   NULL.
+ *                 NULL.
  * \param Q_len    The size of the buffer for the second prime factor.
  * \param D        The Byte array to hold the private exponent, or NULL.
  * \param D_len    The size of the buffer for the private exponent.
  * \param E        The Byte array to hold the public exponent, or NULL.
  * \param E_len    The size of the buffer for the public exponent.
  *
- * \note           The length fields are ignored if the corresponding
- *                 buffer pointers are NULL.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success,
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if exporting the
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if exporting the
  *                 requested parameters cannot be done due to missing
- *                 functionality or because of security policies,
- *                 or a non-zero return code on any other failure.
+ *                 functionality or because of security policies.
+ * \return         A non-zero return code on any other failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_export_raw( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                             unsigned char *N, size_t N_len,
@@ -357,16 +365,17 @@
 /**
  * \brief          This function exports CRT parameters of a private RSA key.
  *
+ * \note           Alternative RSA implementations not using CRT-parameters
+ *                 internally can implement this function based on
+ *                 mbedtls_rsa_deduce_opt().
+ *
  * \param ctx      The initialized RSA context.
  * \param DP       The MPI to hold D modulo P-1, or NULL.
  * \param DQ       The MPI to hold D modulo Q-1, or NULL.
  * \param QP       The MPI to hold modular inverse of Q modulo P, or NULL.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, non-zero error code otherwise.
- *
- * \note           Alternative RSA implementations not using CRT-parameters
- *                 internally can implement this function based on
- *                 mbedtls_rsa_deduce_opt().
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         A non-zero error code on failure.
  *
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_export_crt( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
@@ -397,17 +406,17 @@
 /**
  * \brief          This function generates an RSA keypair.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context used to hold the key.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param nbits    The size of the public key in bits.
- * \param exponent The public exponent. For example, 65537.
- *
  * \note           mbedtls_rsa_init() must be called before this function,
  *                 to set up the RSA context.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
-                   on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context used to hold the key.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param nbits    The size of the public key in bits.
+ * \param exponent The public exponent. For example, 65537.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_gen_key( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                          int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -424,8 +433,8 @@
  *
  * \param ctx      The RSA context to check.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  *
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx );
@@ -434,11 +443,6 @@
  * \brief      This function checks if a context contains an RSA private key
  *             and perform basic consistency checks.
  *
- * \param ctx  The RSA context to check.
- *
- * \return     \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on
- *             failure.
- *
  * \note       The consistency checks performed by this function not only
  *             ensure that mbedtls_rsa_private() can be called successfully
  *             on the given context, but that the various parameters are
@@ -465,6 +469,11 @@
  *             user to ensure the trustworthiness of the source of his RSA
  *             parameters, which goes beyond what is effectively checkable
  *             by the library.</li></ul>
+ *
+ * \param ctx  The RSA context to check.
+ *
+ * \return     \c 0 on success.
+ * \return     An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_check_privkey( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx );
 
@@ -476,8 +485,8 @@
  * \param pub      The RSA context holding the public key.
  * \param prv      The RSA context holding the private key.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_check_pub_priv( const mbedtls_rsa_context *pub,
                                 const mbedtls_rsa_context *prv );
@@ -485,13 +494,6 @@
 /**
  * \brief          This function performs an RSA public key operation.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param input    The input buffer.
- * \param output   The output buffer.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
  * \note           This function does not handle message padding.
  *
  * \note           Make sure to set \p input[0] = 0 or ensure that
@@ -499,6 +501,13 @@
  *
  * \note           The input and output buffers must be large
  *                 enough. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param input    The input buffer.
+ * \param output   The output buffer.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_public( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                 const unsigned char *input,
@@ -507,15 +516,6 @@
 /**
  * \brief          This function performs an RSA private key operation.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for blinding.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param input    The input buffer.
- * \param output   The output buffer.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
  * \note           The input and output buffers must be large
  *                 enough. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
@@ -530,6 +530,15 @@
  *                 Future versions of the library may enforce the presence
  *                 of a PRNG.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for blinding.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param input    The input buffer.
+ * \param output   The output buffer.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
+ *
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_private( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                  int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -544,15 +553,8 @@
  *                 It is the generic wrapper for performing a PKCS#1 encryption
  *                 operation using the \p mode from the context.
  *
- *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for padding, PKCS#1 v2.1
- *                 encoding, and #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param ilen     The length of the plaintext.
- * \param input    The buffer holding the data to encrypt.
- * \param output   The buffer used to hold the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The input and output buffers must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -563,11 +565,17 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for padding, PKCS#1 v2.1
+ *                 encoding, and #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param ilen     The length of the plaintext.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the data to encrypt.
+ * \param output   The buffer used to hold the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The input and output buffers must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_encrypt( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                        int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -580,14 +588,8 @@
  * \brief          This function performs a PKCS#1 v1.5 encryption operation
  *                 (RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5-ENCRYPT).
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for padding and
- *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param ilen     The length of the plaintext.
- * \param input    The buffer holding the data to encrypt.
- * \param output   The buffer used to hold the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The output buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -598,11 +600,17 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for padding and
+ *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param ilen     The length of the plaintext.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the data to encrypt.
+ * \param output   The buffer used to hold the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The output buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsaes_pkcs1_v15_encrypt( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                                  int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -615,10 +623,22 @@
  * \brief            This function performs a PKCS#1 v2.1 OAEP encryption
  *                   operation (RSAES-OAEP-ENCRYPT).
  *
+ * \note             The output buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                   of ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ *
+ * \deprecated       It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
+ *                   in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
+ *                   are likely to remove the \p mode argument and have it
+ *                   implicitly set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC.
+ *
+ * \note             Alternative implementations of RSA need not support
+ *                   mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
+ *                   return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
+ *
  * \param ctx        The RSA context.
  * \param f_rng      The RNG function. Needed for padding and PKCS#1 v2.1
  *                   encoding and #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng      The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng      The RNG context.
  * \param mode       #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
  * \param label      The buffer holding the custom label to use.
  * \param label_len  The length of the label.
@@ -626,20 +646,8 @@
  * \param input      The buffer holding the data to encrypt.
  * \param output     The buffer used to hold the ciphertext.
  *
- * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
- *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
- *                 are likely to remove the \p mode argument and have it
- *                 implicitly set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC.
- *
- * \note           Alternative implementations of RSA need not support
- *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
- *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
- * \note           The output buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return           \c 0 on success.
+ * \return           An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsaes_oaep_encrypt( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                             int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -657,14 +665,15 @@
  *                 It is the generic wrapper for performing a PKCS#1 decryption
  *                 operation using the \p mode from the context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param olen     The length of the plaintext.
- * \param input    The buffer holding the encrypted data.
- * \param output   The buffer used to hold the plaintext.
- * \param output_max_len    The maximum length of the output buffer.
+ * \note           The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be
+ *                 as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N (for example,
+ *                 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used) to be able to hold an
+ *                 arbitrary decrypted message. If it is not large enough to
+ *                 hold the decryption of the particular ciphertext provided,
+ *                 the function returns \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE.
+ *
+ * \note           The input buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -675,18 +684,17 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param olen     The length of the plaintext.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the encrypted data.
+ * \param output   The buffer used to hold the plaintext.
+ * \param output_max_len    The maximum length of the output buffer.
  *
- * \note           The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be
- *                 as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N (for example,
- *                 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used) to be able to hold an
- *                 arbitrary decrypted message. If it is not large enough to
- *                 hold the decryption of the particular ciphertext provided,
- *                 the function returns \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE.
- *
- * \note           The input buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_decrypt( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                        int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -700,14 +708,15 @@
  * \brief          This function performs a PKCS#1 v1.5 decryption
  *                 operation (RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5-DECRYPT).
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param olen     The length of the plaintext.
- * \param input    The buffer holding the encrypted data.
- * \param output   The buffer to hold the plaintext.
- * \param output_max_len    The maximum length of the output buffer.
+ * \note           The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be
+ *                 as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N, for example,
+ *                 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used, to be able to hold an
+ *                 arbitrary decrypted message. If it is not large enough to
+ *                 hold the decryption of the particular ciphertext provided,
+ *                 the function returns #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE.
+ *
+ * \note           The input buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -718,18 +727,18 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param olen     The length of the plaintext.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the encrypted data.
+ * \param output   The buffer to hold the plaintext.
+ * \param output_max_len    The maximum length of the output buffer.
  *
- * \note           The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be
- *                 as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N, for example,
- *                 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used, to be able to hold an
- *                 arbitrary decrypted message. If it is not large enough to
- *                 hold the decryption of the particular ciphertext provided,
- *                 the function returns #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  *
- * \note           The input buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsaes_pkcs1_v15_decrypt( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                                  int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -740,42 +749,42 @@
                                  size_t output_max_len );
 
 /**
- * \brief          This function performs a PKCS#1 v2.1 OAEP decryption
- *                 operation (RSAES-OAEP-DECRYPT).
+ * \brief            This function performs a PKCS#1 v2.1 OAEP decryption
+ *                   operation (RSAES-OAEP-DECRYPT).
+ *
+ * \note             The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be
+ *                   as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N, for
+ *                   example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used, to be able to
+ *                   hold an arbitrary decrypted message. If it is not
+ *                   large enough to hold the decryption of the particular
+ *                   ciphertext provided, the function returns
+ *                   #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE.
+ *
+ * \note             The input buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                   of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ *
+ * \deprecated       It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
+ *                   in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
+ *                   are likely to remove the \p mode argument and have it
+ *                   implicitly set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ *
+ * \note             Alternative implementations of RSA need not support
+ *                   mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
+ *                   return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
  * \param ctx        The RSA context.
  * \param f_rng      The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng      The RNG parameter.
+ * \param p_rng      The RNG context.
  * \param mode       #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
  * \param label      The buffer holding the custom label to use.
  * \param label_len  The length of the label.
  * \param olen       The length of the plaintext.
  * \param input      The buffer holding the encrypted data.
  * \param output     The buffer to hold the plaintext.
- * \param output_max_len    The maximum length of the output buffer.
+ * \param output_max_len    The maximum length of the output buffer. 
  *
- * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
- *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
- *                 are likely to remove the \p mode argument and have it
- *                 implicitly set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- *
- * \note           Alternative implementations of RSA need not support
- *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
- *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
- * \note           The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be
- *                 as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N, for
- *                 example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used, to be able to
- *                 hold an arbitrary decrypted message. If it is not
- *                 large enough to hold the decryption of the particular
- *                 ciphertext provided, the function returns
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE.
- *
- * \note           The input buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsaes_oaep_decrypt( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                             int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -794,16 +803,12 @@
  *                 It is the generic wrapper for performing a PKCS#1
  *                 signature using the \p mode from the context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding and for
- *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param sig      The buffer to hold the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ *
+ * \note           For PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding, see comments on
+ *                 mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_sign() for details on
+ *                 \p md_alg and \p hash_id.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -814,15 +819,19 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 if the signing operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding and for
+ *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param sig      The buffer to hold the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
- *
- * \note           For PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding, see comments on
- *                 mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_sign() for details on
- *                 \p md_alg and \p hash_id.
+ * \return         \c 0 if the signing operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_sign( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                     int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -837,15 +846,8 @@
  * \brief          This function performs a PKCS#1 v1.5 signature
  *                 operation (RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5-SIGN).
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param sig      The buffer to hold the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -856,12 +858,18 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 if the signing operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param sig      The buffer to hold the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return         \c 0 if the signing operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pkcs1_v15_sign( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                                int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -876,16 +884,15 @@
  * \brief          This function performs a PKCS#1 v2.1 PSS signature
  *                 operation (RSASSA-PSS-SIGN).
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding and for
- *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param sig      The buffer to hold the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ *
+ * \note           The \p hash_id in the RSA context is the one used for the
+ *                 encoding. \p md_alg in the function call is the type of hash
+ *                 that is encoded. According to <em>RFC-3447: Public-Key
+ *                 Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1 v2.1: RSA Cryptography
+ *                 Specifications</em> it is advised to keep both hashes the
+ *                 same.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -896,19 +903,19 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 if the signing operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Needed for PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding and for
+ *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param sig      The buffer to hold the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
- *
- * \note           The \p hash_id in the RSA context is the one used for the
- *                 encoding. \p md_alg in the function call is the type of hash
- *                 that is encoded. According to <em>RFC-3447: Public-Key
- *                 Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1 v2.1: RSA Cryptography
- *                 Specifications</em> it is advised to keep both hashes the
- *                 same.
+ * \return         \c 0 if the signing operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_sign( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                          int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -926,15 +933,12 @@
  *                 This is the generic wrapper for performing a PKCS#1
  *                 verification using the mode from the context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ *
+ * \note           For PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding, see comments on
+ *                 mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_verify() about \p md_alg and
+ *                 \p hash_id.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -945,16 +949,18 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
- *
- * \note           For PKCS#1 v2.1 encoding, see comments on
- *                 mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_verify() about \p md_alg and
- *                 \p hash_id.
+ * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_verify( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                       int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -969,15 +975,8 @@
  * \brief          This function performs a PKCS#1 v1.5 verification
  *                 operation (RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5-VERIFY).
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
+ * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
+ *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
  *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
@@ -988,12 +987,18 @@
  *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
  *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
+ * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
  *
- * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
- *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
+ * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pkcs1_v15_verify( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                                  int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -1011,29 +1016,6 @@
  *                 The hash function for the MGF mask generating function
  *                 is that specified in the RSA context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
- *
- * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
- *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
- *                 are likely to remove the \p mode argument and have it
- *                 implicitly set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC.
- *
- * \note           Alternative implementations of RSA need not support
- *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
- *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
  * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
  *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
@@ -1044,6 +1026,28 @@
  *                 Specifications</em> it is advised to keep both hashes the
  *                 same. If \p hash_id in the RSA context is unset,
  *                 the \p md_alg from the function call is used.
+ *
+ * \deprecated     It is deprecated and discouraged to call this function
+ *                 in #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE mode. Future versions of the library
+ *                 are likely to remove the \p mode argument and have it
+ *                 implicitly set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC.
+ *
+ * \note           Alternative implementations of RSA need not support
+ *                 mode being set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE and might instead
+ *                 return #MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_verify( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                            int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -1061,27 +1065,27 @@
  *                 The hash function for the MGF mask generating function
  *                 is that specified in \p mgf1_hash_id.
  *
- * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
- * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param p_rng    The RNG parameter.
- * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
- * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
- *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
- * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
- * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
- * \param mgf1_hash_id The message digest used for mask generation.
- * \param expected_salt_len The length of the salt used in padding. Use
- *                 #MBEDTLS_RSA_SALT_LEN_ANY to accept any salt length.
- * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful,
- *                 or an \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code
- *                 on failure.
- *
  * \note           The \p sig buffer must be as large as the size
  *                 of \p ctx->N. For example, 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used.
  *
  * \note           The \p hash_id in the RSA context is ignored.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The RSA public key context.
+ * \param f_rng    The RNG function. Only needed for #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param p_rng    The RNG context.
+ * \param mode     #MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC or #MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE.
+ * \param md_alg   The message-digest algorithm used to hash the original data.
+ *                 Use #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE for signing raw data.
+ * \param hashlen  The length of the message digest. Only used if \p md_alg is
+ *                 #MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * \param hash     The buffer holding the message digest.
+ * \param mgf1_hash_id       The message digest used for mask generation.
+ * \param expected_salt_len  The length of the salt used in padding. Use
+ *                           #MBEDTLS_RSA_SALT_LEN_ANY to accept any salt length.
+ * \param sig      The buffer holding the ciphertext.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 if the verify operation was successful.
+ * \return         An \c MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_XXX error code on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_rsassa_pss_verify_ext( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                                int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -1100,8 +1104,8 @@
  * \param dst      The destination context.
  * \param src      The source context.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success,
- *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory allocation failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         #MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED on memory allocation failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_copy( mbedtls_rsa_context *dst, const mbedtls_rsa_context *src );
 
@@ -1112,22 +1116,11 @@
  */
 void mbedtls_rsa_free( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx );
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT */
-#include "rsa_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          The RSA checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/sha1.h b/include/mbedtls/sha1.h
index 05540cd..8f805fb 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/sha1.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/sha1.h
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 /**
  * \file sha1.h
  *
- * \brief The SHA-1 cryptographic hash function.
+ * \brief This file contains SHA-1 definitions and functions.
+ *
+ * The Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA-1) cryptographic hash function is defined in 
+ * <em>FIPS 180-4: Secure Hash Standard (SHS)</em>.
  *
  * \warning   SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use constitutes
  *            a security risk. We recommend considering stronger message
@@ -39,14 +42,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_SHA1_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                  -0x0035  /**< SHA-1 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          The SHA-1 context structure.
  *
@@ -63,40 +66,44 @@
 }
 mbedtls_sha1_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT */
+#include "sha1_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          This function initializes a SHA-1 context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to initialize.
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to initialize.
+ *
  */
 void mbedtls_sha1_init( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx );
 
 /**
  * \brief          This function clears a SHA-1 context.
  *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to clear.
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to clear.
+ *
  */
 void mbedtls_sha1_free( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx );
 
 /**
  * \brief          This function clones the state of a SHA-1 context.
  *
- * \param dst      The destination context.
- * \param src      The context to clone.
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param dst      The SHA-1 context to clone to.
+ * \param src      The SHA-1 context to clone from.
+ *
  */
 void mbedtls_sha1_clone( mbedtls_sha1_context *dst,
                          const mbedtls_sha1_context *src );
@@ -104,14 +111,14 @@
 /**
  * \brief          This function starts a SHA-1 checksum calculation.
  *
- * \param ctx      The context to initialize.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if successful
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to initialize.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ *
  */
 int mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx );
 
@@ -119,16 +126,15 @@
  * \brief          This function feeds an input buffer into an ongoing SHA-1
  *                 checksum calculation.
  *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
- * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
- * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if successful
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
+ * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
  */
 int mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
                              const unsigned char *input,
@@ -138,31 +144,30 @@
  * \brief          This function finishes the SHA-1 operation, and writes
  *                 the result to the output buffer.
  *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
- * \param output   The SHA-1 checksum result.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if successful
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
+ * \param output   The SHA-1 checksum result.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
  */
 int mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
                              unsigned char output[20] );
 
 /**
- * \brief          SHA-1 process data block (internal use only)
- *
- * \param ctx      SHA-1 context
- * \param data     The data block being processed.
- *
- * \return         \c 0 if successful
+ * \brief          SHA-1 process data block (internal use only).
  *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
+ * \param data     The data block being processed.
+ *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ *
  */
 int mbedtls_internal_sha1_process( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
                                    const unsigned char data[64] );
@@ -174,65 +179,67 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif
 /**
- * \brief          SHA-1 context setup
- *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret() in 2.7.0
- *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to be initialized.
+ * \brief          This function starts a SHA-1 checksum calculation.
  *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret() in 2.7.0.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context to initialize.
+ *
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha1_starts( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx );
 
 /**
- * \brief          SHA-1 process buffer
- *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_update_ret() in 2.7.0
- *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
- * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
- * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
+ * \brief          This function feeds an input buffer into an ongoing SHA-1
+ *                 checksum calculation.
  *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_update_ret() in 2.7.0.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
+ * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
+ *
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha1_update( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
                                              const unsigned char *input,
                                              size_t ilen );
 
 /**
- * \brief          SHA-1 final digest
- *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret() in 2.7.0
- *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
- * \param output   The SHA-1 checksum result.
+ * \brief          This function finishes the SHA-1 operation, and writes
+ *                 the result to the output buffer.
  *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret() in 2.7.0.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
+ * \param output   The SHA-1 checksum result.
+ *
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha1_finish( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
                                              unsigned char output[20] );
 
 /**
- * \brief          SHA-1 process data block (internal use only)
- *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_internal_sha1_process() in 2.7.0
- *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
- * \param data     The data block being processed.
+ * \brief          SHA-1 process data block (internal use only).
  *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_internal_sha1_process() in 2.7.0.
+ *
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-1 context.
+ * \param data     The data block being processed.
+ *
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha1_process( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
                                               const unsigned char data[64] );
@@ -240,18 +247,6 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT */
-#include "sha1_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          This function calculates the SHA-1 checksum of a buffer.
  *
@@ -261,15 +256,15 @@
  *                 The SHA-1 result is calculated as
  *                 output = SHA-1(input buffer).
  *
+ * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
+ *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
+ *                 stronger message digests instead.
+ *
  * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The SHA-1 checksum result.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 if successful
- *
- * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
- *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
- *                 stronger message digests instead.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
  *
  */
 int mbedtls_sha1_ret( const unsigned char *input,
@@ -283,7 +278,17 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif
 /**
- * \brief          Output = SHA-1( input buffer )
+ * \brief          This function calculates the SHA-1 checksum of a buffer.
+ *
+ *                 The function allocates the context, performs the
+ *                 calculation, and frees the context.
+ *
+ *                 The SHA-1 result is calculated as
+ *                 output = SHA-1(input buffer).
+ *
+ * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
+ *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
+ *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
  * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha1_ret() in 2.7.0
  *
@@ -291,10 +296,6 @@
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The SHA-1 checksum result.
  *
- * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
- *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
- *                 stronger message digests instead.
- *
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha1( const unsigned char *input,
                                       size_t ilen,
@@ -306,12 +307,13 @@
 /**
  * \brief          The SHA-1 checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
- *
  * \warning        SHA-1 is considered a weak message digest and its use
  *                 constitutes a security risk. We recommend considering
  *                 stronger message digests instead.
  *
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
+ *
  */
 int mbedtls_sha1_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/sha256.h b/include/mbedtls/sha256.h
index ffb16c2..adf31a8 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/sha256.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/sha256.h
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 /**
  * \file sha256.h
  *
- * \brief The SHA-224 and SHA-256 cryptographic hash function.
+ * \brief This file contains SHA-224 and SHA-256 definitions and functions.
+ *
+ * The Secure Hash Algorithms 224 and 256 (SHA-224 and SHA-256) cryptographic
+ * hash functions are defined in <em>FIPS 180-4: Secure Hash Standard (SHS)</em>.
  */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2006-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved
@@ -35,14 +38,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_SHA256_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                -0x0037  /**< SHA-256 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          The SHA-256 context structure.
  *
@@ -55,12 +58,15 @@
     uint32_t total[2];          /*!< The number of Bytes processed.  */
     uint32_t state[8];          /*!< The intermediate digest state.  */
     unsigned char buffer[64];   /*!< The data block being processed. */
-    int is224;                  /*!< Determines which function to use.
-                                     <ul><li>0: Use SHA-256.</li>
-                                     <li>1: Use SHA-224.</li></ul> */
+    int is224;                  /*!< Determines which function to use:
+                                     0: Use SHA-256, or 1: Use SHA-224. */
 }
 mbedtls_sha256_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT */
+#include "sha256_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          This function initializes a SHA-256 context.
  *
@@ -89,9 +95,8 @@
  *                 calculation.
  *
  * \param ctx      The context to initialize.
- * \param is224    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-256.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-224.</li></ul>
+ * \param is224    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-256, or 1: Use SHA-224.
  *
  * \return         \c 0 on success.
  */
@@ -101,9 +106,9 @@
  * \brief          This function feeds an input buffer into an ongoing
  *                 SHA-256 checksum calculation.
  *
- * \param ctx      SHA-256 context
- * \param input    buffer holding the data
- * \param ilen     length of the input data
+ * \param ctx      The SHA-256 context.
+ * \param input    The buffer holding the data.
+ * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  *
  * \return         \c 0 on success.
  */
@@ -143,14 +148,15 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif
 /**
- * \brief          This function starts a SHA-256 checksum calculation.
+ * \brief          This function starts a SHA-224 or SHA-256 checksum
+ *                 calculation.
+ *
  *
  * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret() in 2.7.0.
  *
- * \param ctx      The SHA-256 context to initialize.
- * \param is224    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-256.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-224.</li></ul>
+ * \param ctx      The context to initialize.
+ * \param is224    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-256, or 1: Use SHA-224.
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha256_starts( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
                                                int is224 );
@@ -176,7 +182,7 @@
  * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret() in 2.7.0.
  *
  * \param ctx      The SHA-256 context.
- * \param output   The SHA-224or SHA-256 checksum result.
+ * \param output   The SHA-224 or SHA-256 checksum result.
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha256_finish( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
                                                unsigned char output[32] );
@@ -196,17 +202,6 @@
 
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT */
-#include "sha256_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
 
 /**
  * \brief          This function calculates the SHA-224 or SHA-256
@@ -221,9 +216,8 @@
  * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The SHA-224 or SHA-256 checksum result.
- * \param is224    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-256.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-224.</li></ul>
+ * \param is224    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-256, or 1: Use SHA-224.
  */
 int mbedtls_sha256_ret( const unsigned char *input,
                         size_t ilen,
@@ -252,9 +246,8 @@
  * \param input    The buffer holding the data.
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The SHA-224 or SHA-256 checksum result.
- * \param is224    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-256.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-224.</li></ul>
+ * \param is224    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-256, or 1: Use SHA-224.
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha256( const unsigned char *input,
                                         size_t ilen,
@@ -267,7 +260,8 @@
 /**
  * \brief          The SHA-224 and SHA-256 checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_sha256_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/sha512.h b/include/mbedtls/sha512.h
index 8404a2d..5bb83f4 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/sha512.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/sha512.h
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 /**
  * \file sha512.h
+ * \brief This file contains SHA-384 and SHA-512 definitions and functions.
  *
- * \brief The SHA-384 and SHA-512 cryptographic hash function.
+ * The Secure Hash Algorithms 384 and 512 (SHA-384 and SHA-512) cryptographic
+ * hash functions are defined in <em>FIPS 180-4: Secure Hash Standard (SHS)</em>.
  */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2006-2018, Arm Limited (or its affiliates), All Rights Reserved
@@ -35,14 +37,14 @@
 
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_SHA512_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                -0x0039  /**< SHA-512 hardware accelerator failed */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          The SHA-512 context structure.
  *
@@ -55,12 +57,15 @@
     uint64_t total[2];          /*!< The number of Bytes processed. */
     uint64_t state[8];          /*!< The intermediate digest state. */
     unsigned char buffer[128];  /*!< The data block being processed. */
-    int is384;                  /*!< Determines which function to use.
-                                 *   <ul><li>0: Use SHA-512.</li>
-                                 *   <li>1: Use SHA-384.</li></ul> */
+    int is384;                  /*!< Determines which function to use:
+                                     0: Use SHA-512, or 1: Use SHA-384. */
 }
 mbedtls_sha512_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT */
+#include "sha512_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          This function initializes a SHA-512 context.
  *
@@ -89,9 +94,8 @@
  *                 calculation.
  *
  * \param ctx      The SHA-512 context to initialize.
- * \param is384    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-512.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-384.</li></ul>
+ * \param is384    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-512, or 1: Use SHA-384.
  *
  * \return         \c 0 on success.
  */
@@ -148,9 +152,8 @@
  * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret() in 2.7.0
  *
  * \param ctx      The SHA-512 context to initialize.
- * \param is384    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-512.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-384.</li></ul>
+ * \param is384    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-512, or 1: Use SHA-384.
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha512_starts( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
                                                int is384 );
@@ -159,7 +162,7 @@
  * \brief          This function feeds an input buffer into an ongoing
  *                 SHA-512 checksum calculation.
  *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha512_update_ret() in 2.7.0
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha512_update_ret() in 2.7.0.
  *
  * \param ctx      The SHA-512 context.
  * \param input    The buffer holding the data.
@@ -173,7 +176,7 @@
  * \brief          This function finishes the SHA-512 operation, and writes
  *                 the result to the output buffer.
  *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret() in 2.7.0
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret() in 2.7.0.
  *
  * \param ctx      The SHA-512 context.
  * \param output   The SHA-384 or SHA-512 checksum result.
@@ -186,7 +189,7 @@
  *                 the ongoing SHA-512 computation. This function is for
  *                 internal use only.
  *
- * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_internal_sha512_process() in 2.7.0
+ * \deprecated     Superseded by mbedtls_internal_sha512_process() in 2.7.0.
  *
  * \param ctx      The SHA-512 context.
  * \param data     The buffer holding one block of data.
@@ -198,18 +201,6 @@
 #undef MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT */
-#include "sha512_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          This function calculates the SHA-512 or SHA-384
  *                 checksum of a buffer.
@@ -223,9 +214,8 @@
  * \param input    The buffer holding the input data.
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The SHA-384 or SHA-512 checksum result.
- * \param is384    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-512.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-384.</li></ul>
+ * \param is384    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-512, or 1: Use SHA-384.
  *
  * \return         \c 0 on success.
  */
@@ -255,9 +245,8 @@
  * \param input    The buffer holding the data.
  * \param ilen     The length of the input data.
  * \param output   The SHA-384 or SHA-512 checksum result.
- * \param is384    Determines which function to use.
- *                 <ul><li>0: Use SHA-512.</li>
- *                 <li>1: Use SHA-384.</li></ul>
+ * \param is384    Determines which function to use:
+ *                 0: Use SHA-512, or 1: Use SHA-384.
  */
 MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED void mbedtls_sha512( const unsigned char *input,
                                         size_t ilen,
@@ -269,7 +258,8 @@
  /**
  * \brief          The SHA-384 or SHA-512 checkup routine.
  *
- * \return         \c 0 on success, or \c 1 on failure.
+ * \return         \c 0 on success.
+ * \return         \c 1 on failure.
  */
 int mbedtls_sha512_self_test( int verbose );
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/timing.h b/include/mbedtls/timing.h
index 2c497bf..bbcb906 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/timing.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/timing.h
@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@
 #include MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          timer structure
  */
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@
     uint32_t                        fin_ms;
 } mbedtls_timing_delay_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT */
+#include "timing_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT */
+
 extern volatile int mbedtls_timing_alarmed;
 
 /**
@@ -133,18 +137,6 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_timing_get_delay( void *data );
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT */
-#include "timing_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/version.h b/include/mbedtls/version.h
index c3ee649..aa52ce2 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/version.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/version.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
  * Major, Minor, Patchlevel
  */
 #define MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR  2
-#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_MINOR  8
+#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_MINOR  9
 #define MBEDTLS_VERSION_PATCH  0
 
 /**
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
  *    MMNNPP00
  *    Major version | Minor version | Patch version
  */
-#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_NUMBER         0x02080000
-#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING         "2.8.0"
-#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING_FULL    "mbed TLS 2.8.0"
+#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_NUMBER         0x02090000
+#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING         "2.9.0"
+#define MBEDTLS_VERSION_STRING_FULL    "mbed TLS 2.9.0"
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_VERSION_C)
 
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/xtea.h b/include/mbedtls/xtea.h
index 34ccee3..8df708a 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/xtea.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/xtea.h
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_XTEA_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH             -0x0028  /**< The data input has an invalid length. */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_XTEA_HW_ACCEL_FAILED                  -0x0029  /**< XTEA hardware accelerator failed. */
 
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT)
-// Regular implementation
-//
-
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT)
+// Regular implementation
+//
+
 /**
  * \brief          XTEA context structure
  */
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@
 }
 mbedtls_xtea_context;
 
+#else  /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT */
+#include "xtea_alt.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Initialize XTEA context
  *
@@ -115,18 +119,6 @@
                     unsigned char *output);
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CIPHER_MODE_CBC */
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#else  /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT */
-#include "xtea_alt.h"
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT */
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 /**
  * \brief          Checkup routine
  *
diff --git a/library/CMakeLists.txt b/library/CMakeLists.txt
index e525731..6177ca2 100644
--- a/library/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/library/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -142,15 +142,15 @@
 
 if(USE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY)
     add_library(mbedcrypto SHARED ${src_crypto})
-    set_target_properties(mbedcrypto PROPERTIES VERSION 2.8.0 SOVERSION 1)
+    set_target_properties(mbedcrypto PROPERTIES VERSION 2.9.0 SOVERSION 2)
     target_link_libraries(mbedcrypto ${libs})
 
     add_library(mbedx509 SHARED ${src_x509})
-    set_target_properties(mbedx509 PROPERTIES VERSION 2.8.0 SOVERSION 0)
+    set_target_properties(mbedx509 PROPERTIES VERSION 2.9.0 SOVERSION 0)
     target_link_libraries(mbedx509 ${libs} mbedcrypto)
 
     add_library(mbedtls SHARED ${src_tls})
-    set_target_properties(mbedtls PROPERTIES VERSION 2.8.0 SOVERSION 10)
+    set_target_properties(mbedtls PROPERTIES VERSION 2.9.0 SOVERSION 10)
     target_link_libraries(mbedtls ${libs} mbedx509)
 
     install(TARGETS mbedtls mbedx509 mbedcrypto
diff --git a/library/Makefile b/library/Makefile
index c6ec153..b155c72 100644
--- a/library/Makefile
+++ b/library/Makefile
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 SOEXT_TLS=so.10
 SOEXT_X509=so.0
-SOEXT_CRYPTO=so.1
+SOEXT_CRYPTO=so.2
 
 # Set DLEXT=dylib to compile as a shared library for Mac OS X
 DLEXT ?= so
diff --git a/library/bignum.c b/library/bignum.c
index 02d93ed..423e375 100644
--- a/library/bignum.c
+++ b/library/bignum.c
@@ -2191,12 +2191,23 @@
 
 /*
  * Prime number generation
+ *
+ * If dh_flag is 0 and nbits is at least 1024, then the procedure
+ * follows the RSA probably-prime generation method of FIPS 186-4.
+ * NB. FIPS 186-4 only allows the specific bit lengths of 1024 and 1536.
  */
 int mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime( mbedtls_mpi *X, size_t nbits, int dh_flag,
                    int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
                    void *p_rng )
 {
-    int ret;
+#ifdef MBEDTLS_HAVE_INT64
+// ceil(2^63.5)
+#define CEIL_MAXUINT_DIV_SQRT2 0xb504f333f9de6485ULL
+#else
+// ceil(2^31.5)
+#define CEIL_MAXUINT_DIV_SQRT2 0xb504f334U
+#endif
+    int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE;
     size_t k, n;
     mbedtls_mpi_uint r;
     mbedtls_mpi Y;
@@ -2208,69 +2219,66 @@
 
     n = BITS_TO_LIMBS( nbits );
 
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_fill_random( X, n * ciL, f_rng, p_rng ) );
-
-    k = mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( X );
-    if( k > nbits ) MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( X, k - nbits + 1 ) );
-
-    mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( X, nbits-1, 1 );
-
-    X->p[0] |= 1;
-
-    if( dh_flag == 0 )
+    while( 1 )
     {
-        while( ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_is_prime( X, f_rng, p_rng ) ) != 0 )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_fill_random( X, n * ciL, f_rng, p_rng ) );
+        /* make sure generated number is at least (nbits-1)+0.5 bits (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.3 steps 4.4, 5.5) */
+        if( X->p[n-1] < CEIL_MAXUINT_DIV_SQRT2 ) continue;
+
+        k = n * biL;
+        if( k > nbits ) MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( X, k - nbits ) );
+        X->p[0] |= 1;
+
+        if( dh_flag == 0 )
         {
+            ret = mbedtls_mpi_is_prime( X, f_rng, p_rng );
+
             if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE )
                 goto cleanup;
-
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 2 ) );
         }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        /*
-         * An necessary condition for Y and X = 2Y + 1 to be prime
-         * is X = 2 mod 3 (which is equivalent to Y = 2 mod 3).
-         * Make sure it is satisfied, while keeping X = 3 mod 4
-         */
-
-        X->p[0] |= 2;
-
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_int( &r, X, 3 ) );
-        if( r == 0 )
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 8 ) );
-        else if( r == 1 )
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 4 ) );
-
-        /* Set Y = (X-1) / 2, which is X / 2 because X is odd */
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &Y, X ) );
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( &Y, 1 ) );
-
-        while( 1 )
+        else
         {
             /*
-             * First, check small factors for X and Y
-             * before doing Miller-Rabin on any of them
+             * An necessary condition for Y and X = 2Y + 1 to be prime
+             * is X = 2 mod 3 (which is equivalent to Y = 2 mod 3).
+             * Make sure it is satisfied, while keeping X = 3 mod 4
              */
-            if( ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors(  X         ) ) == 0 &&
-                ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors( &Y         ) ) == 0 &&
-                ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin(  X, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 &&
-                ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin( &Y, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 )
+
+            X->p[0] |= 2;
+
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_int( &r, X, 3 ) );
+            if( r == 0 )
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 8 ) );
+            else if( r == 1 )
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 4 ) );
+
+            /* Set Y = (X-1) / 2, which is X / 2 because X is odd */
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &Y, X ) );
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( &Y, 1 ) );
+
+            while( 1 )
             {
-                break;
+                /*
+                 * First, check small factors for X and Y
+                 * before doing Miller-Rabin on any of them
+                 */
+                if( ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors(  X         ) ) == 0 &&
+                    ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors( &Y         ) ) == 0 &&
+                    ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin(  X, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 &&
+                    ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin( &Y, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 )
+                    goto cleanup;
+
+                if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE )
+                    goto cleanup;
+
+                /*
+                 * Next candidates. We want to preserve Y = (X-1) / 2 and
+                 * Y = 1 mod 2 and Y = 2 mod 3 (eq X = 3 mod 4 and X = 2 mod 3)
+                 * so up Y by 6 and X by 12.
+                 */
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int(  X,  X, 12 ) );
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &Y, &Y, 6  ) );
             }
-
-            if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE )
-                goto cleanup;
-
-            /*
-             * Next candidates. We want to preserve Y = (X-1) / 2 and
-             * Y = 1 mod 2 and Y = 2 mod 3 (eq X = 3 mod 4 and X = 2 mod 3)
-             * so up Y by 6 and X by 12.
-             */
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int(  X,  X, 12 ) );
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &Y, &Y, 6  ) );
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/library/error.c b/library/error.c
index 96ab203..222d85b 100644
--- a/library/error.c
+++ b/library/error.c
@@ -256,19 +256,19 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - The buffer is too small to write to" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Requested curve not available" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - The requested feature is not available, for example, the requested curve is not supported" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_VERIFY_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - The signature is not valid" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_ALLOC_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Memory allocation failed" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_RANDOM_FAILED) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Generation of random value, such as (ephemeral) key, failed" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Generation of random value, such as ephemeral key, failed" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Invalid private or public key" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - The buffer contains a valid signature followed by more data" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - ECP hardware accelerator failed" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - The ECP hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD_C)
diff --git a/library/rsa.c b/library/rsa.c
index 0055223..88c1cf1 100644
--- a/library/rsa.c
+++ b/library/rsa.c
@@ -491,6 +491,9 @@
 
 /*
  * Generate an RSA keypair
+ *
+ * This generation method follows the RSA key pair generation procedure of
+ * FIPS 186-4 if 2^16 < exponent < 2^256 and nbits = 2048 or nbits = 3072.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_gen_key( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                  int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -498,7 +501,7 @@
                  unsigned int nbits, int exponent )
 {
     int ret;
-    mbedtls_mpi H, G;
+    mbedtls_mpi H, G, L;
 
     if( f_rng == NULL || nbits < 128 || exponent < 3 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
@@ -508,10 +511,13 @@
 
     mbedtls_mpi_init( &H );
     mbedtls_mpi_init( &G );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &L );
 
     /*
      * find primes P and Q with Q < P so that:
-     * GCD( E, (P-1)*(Q-1) ) == 1
+     * 1.  |P-Q| > 2^( nbits / 2 - 100 )
+     * 2.  GCD( E, (P-1)*(Q-1) ) == 1
+     * 3.  E^-1 mod LCM(P-1, Q-1) > 2^( nbits / 2 )
      */
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &ctx->E, exponent ) );
 
@@ -523,40 +529,51 @@
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime( &ctx->Q, nbits >> 1, 0,
                                                 f_rng, p_rng ) );
 
-        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) == 0 )
+        /* make sure the difference between p and q is not too small (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.3 step 5.4) */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &H, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &H ) <= ( ( nbits >= 200 ) ? ( ( nbits >> 1 ) - 99 ) : 0 ) )
             continue;
 
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &ctx->N, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
-        if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) != nbits )
-            continue;
-
-        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) < 0 )
+        /* not required by any standards, but some users rely on the fact that P > Q */
+        if( H.s < 0 )
             mbedtls_mpi_swap( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q );
 
         /* Temporarily replace P,Q by P-1, Q-1 */
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &ctx->P, &ctx->P, 1 ) );
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &ctx->Q, &ctx->Q, 1 ) );
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &H, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+
+        /* check GCD( E, (P-1)*(Q-1) ) == 1 (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.1 criterion 2(a)) */
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( &G, &ctx->E, &H  ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &G, 1 ) != 0 )
+            continue;
+
+        /* compute smallest possible D = E^-1 mod LCM(P-1, Q-1) (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.1 criterion 3(b)) */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( &G, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_div_mpi( &L, NULL, &H, &G ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( &ctx->D, &ctx->E, &L ) );
+
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->D ) <= ( ( nbits + 1 ) / 2 ) ) // (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.1 criterion 3(a))
+            continue;
+
+        break;
     }
-    while( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &G, 1 ) != 0 );
+    while( 1 );
 
     /* Restore P,Q */
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &ctx->P,  &ctx->P, 1 ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &ctx->Q,  &ctx->Q, 1 ) );
 
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &ctx->N, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+
     ctx->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->N );
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
     /*
-     * D  = E^-1 mod ((P-1)*(Q-1))
      * DP = D mod (P - 1)
      * DQ = D mod (Q - 1)
      * QP = Q^-1 mod P
      */
-
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( &ctx->D, &ctx->E, &H  ) );
-
-#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_deduce_crt( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q, &ctx->D,
                                              &ctx->DP, &ctx->DQ, &ctx->QP ) );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
@@ -568,6 +585,7 @@
 
     mbedtls_mpi_free( &H );
     mbedtls_mpi_free( &G );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &L );
 
     if( ret != 0 )
     {
diff --git a/library/ssl_cli.c b/library/ssl_cli.c
index f5fecb7..b3dc4db 100644
--- a/library/ssl_cli.c
+++ b/library/ssl_cli.c
@@ -714,6 +714,49 @@
     return( 0 );
 }
 
+/**
+ * \brief           Validate cipher suite against config in SSL context.
+ *
+ * \param suite_info    cipher suite to validate
+ * \param ssl           SSL context
+ * \param min_minor_ver Minimal minor version to accept a cipher suite
+ * \param max_minor_ver Maximal minor version to accept a cipher suite
+ *
+ * \return          0 if valid, else 1
+ */
+static int ssl_validate_ciphersuite( const mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_t * suite_info,
+                                     const mbedtls_ssl_context * ssl,
+                                     int min_minor_ver, int max_minor_ver )
+{
+    (void) ssl;
+    if( suite_info == NULL )
+        return( 1 );
+
+    if( suite_info->min_minor_ver > max_minor_ver ||
+            suite_info->max_minor_ver < min_minor_ver )
+        return( 1 );
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
+    if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
+            ( suite_info->flags & MBEDTLS_CIPHERSUITE_NODTLS ) )
+        return( 1 );
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_C)
+    if( ssl->conf->arc4_disabled == MBEDTLS_SSL_ARC4_DISABLED &&
+            suite_info->cipher == MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ARC4_128 )
+        return( 1 );
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE_ECJPAKE_ENABLED)
+    if( suite_info->key_exchange == MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE_ECJPAKE &&
+            mbedtls_ecjpake_check( &ssl->handshake->ecjpake_ctx ) != 0 )
+        return( 1 );
+#endif
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
 static int ssl_write_client_hello( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
 {
     int ret;
@@ -866,31 +909,11 @@
     {
         ciphersuite_info = mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_from_id( ciphersuites[i] );
 
-        if( ciphersuite_info == NULL )
+        if( ssl_validate_ciphersuite( ciphersuite_info, ssl,
+                                      ssl->conf->min_minor_ver,
+                                      ssl->conf->max_minor_ver ) != 0 )
             continue;
 
-        if( ciphersuite_info->min_minor_ver > ssl->conf->max_minor_ver ||
-            ciphersuite_info->max_minor_ver < ssl->conf->min_minor_ver )
-            continue;
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
-        if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
-            ( ciphersuite_info->flags & MBEDTLS_CIPHERSUITE_NODTLS ) )
-            continue;
-#endif
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_C)
-        if( ssl->conf->arc4_disabled == MBEDTLS_SSL_ARC4_DISABLED &&
-            ciphersuite_info->cipher == MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ARC4_128 )
-            continue;
-#endif
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE_ECJPAKE_ENABLED)
-        if( ciphersuite_info->key_exchange == MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE_ECJPAKE &&
-            mbedtls_ecjpake_check( &ssl->handshake->ecjpake_ctx ) != 0 )
-            continue;
-#endif
-
         MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "client hello, add ciphersuite: %04x",
                                     ciphersuites[i] ) );
 
@@ -1687,22 +1710,9 @@
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "server hello, chosen ciphersuite: %04x", i ) );
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "server hello, compress alg.: %d", buf[37 + n] ) );
 
-    suite_info = mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_from_id( ssl->session_negotiate->ciphersuite );
-    if( suite_info == NULL
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_C)
-            || ( ssl->conf->arc4_disabled &&
-                suite_info->cipher == MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ARC4_128 )
-#endif
-        )
-    {
-        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad server hello message" ) );
-        mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
-                                        MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_SERVER_HELLO );
-    }
-
-    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "server hello, chosen ciphersuite: %s", suite_info->name ) );
-
+    /*
+     * Perform cipher suite validation in same way as in ssl_write_client_hello.
+     */
     i = 0;
     while( 1 )
     {
@@ -1721,6 +1731,17 @@
         }
     }
 
+    suite_info = mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_from_id( ssl->session_negotiate->ciphersuite );
+    if( ssl_validate_ciphersuite( suite_info, ssl, ssl->minor_ver, ssl->minor_ver ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad server hello message" ) );
+        mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                        MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER );
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_SERVER_HELLO );
+    }
+
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "server hello, chosen ciphersuite: %s", suite_info->name ) );
+
     if( comp != MBEDTLS_SSL_COMPRESS_NULL
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ZLIB_SUPPORT)
         && comp != MBEDTLS_SSL_COMPRESS_DEFLATE
@@ -2670,10 +2691,27 @@
     buf = ssl->in_msg;
 
     /* certificate_types */
+    if( ssl->in_hslen <= mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad certificate request message" ) );
+        mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                        MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_DECODE_ERROR );
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST );
+    }
     cert_type_len = buf[mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl )];
     n = cert_type_len;
 
-    if( ssl->in_hslen < mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 2 + n )
+    /*
+     * In the subsequent code there are two paths that read from buf:
+     *     * the length of the signature algorithms field (if minor version of
+     *       SSL is 3),
+     *     * distinguished name length otherwise.
+     * Both reach at most the index:
+     *    ...hdr_len + 2 + n,
+     * therefore the buffer length at this point must be greater than that
+     * regardless of the actual code path.
+     */
+    if( ssl->in_hslen <= mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 2 + n )
     {
         MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad certificate request message" ) );
         mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
@@ -2688,9 +2726,32 @@
         size_t sig_alg_len = ( ( buf[mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 1 + n] <<  8 )
                              | ( buf[mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 2 + n]       ) );
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DEBUG_C)
-        unsigned char* sig_alg = buf + mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 3 + n;
+        unsigned char* sig_alg;
         size_t i;
+#endif
 
+        /*
+         * The furthest access in buf is in the loop few lines below:
+         *     sig_alg[i + 1],
+         * where:
+         *     sig_alg = buf + ...hdr_len + 3 + n,
+         *     max(i) = sig_alg_len - 1.
+         * Therefore the furthest access is:
+         *     buf[...hdr_len + 3 + n + sig_alg_len - 1 + 1],
+         * which reduces to:
+         *     buf[...hdr_len + 3 + n + sig_alg_len],
+         * which is one less than we need the buf to be.
+         */
+        if( ssl->in_hslen <= mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 3 + n + sig_alg_len )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad certificate request message" ) );
+            mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_DECODE_ERROR );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST );
+        }
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_DEBUG_C)
+        sig_alg = buf + mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 3 + n;
         for( i = 0; i < sig_alg_len; i += 2 )
         {
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "Supported Signature Algorithm found: %d"
@@ -2699,14 +2760,6 @@
 #endif
 
         n += 2 + sig_alg_len;
-
-        if( ssl->in_hslen < mbedtls_ssl_hs_hdr_len( ssl ) + 2 + n )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad certificate request message" ) );
-            mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
-                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_DECODE_ERROR );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST );
-        }
     }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
 
diff --git a/library/ssl_tls.c b/library/ssl_tls.c
index f249800..cf1b694 100644
--- a/library/ssl_tls.c
+++ b/library/ssl_tls.c
@@ -2106,6 +2106,7 @@
 {
     int ret;
     unsigned char *msg_post = ssl->out_msg;
+    ptrdiff_t bytes_written = ssl->out_msg - ssl->out_buf;
     size_t len_pre = ssl->out_msglen;
     unsigned char *msg_pre = ssl->compress_buf;
 
@@ -2125,7 +2126,7 @@
     ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.next_in = msg_pre;
     ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.avail_in = len_pre;
     ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.next_out = msg_post;
-    ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.avail_out = MBEDTLS_SSL_BUFFER_LEN;
+    ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.avail_out = MBEDTLS_SSL_BUFFER_LEN - bytes_written;
 
     ret = deflate( &ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate, Z_SYNC_FLUSH );
     if( ret != Z_OK )
@@ -2135,7 +2136,7 @@
     }
 
     ssl->out_msglen = MBEDTLS_SSL_BUFFER_LEN -
-                      ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.avail_out;
+                      ssl->transform_out->ctx_deflate.avail_out - bytes_written;
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "after compression: msglen = %d, ",
                    ssl->out_msglen ) );
@@ -2152,6 +2153,7 @@
 {
     int ret;
     unsigned char *msg_post = ssl->in_msg;
+    ptrdiff_t header_bytes = ssl->in_msg - ssl->in_buf;
     size_t len_pre = ssl->in_msglen;
     unsigned char *msg_pre = ssl->compress_buf;
 
@@ -2171,7 +2173,8 @@
     ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.next_in = msg_pre;
     ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.avail_in = len_pre;
     ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.next_out = msg_post;
-    ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.avail_out = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN;
+    ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.avail_out = MBEDTLS_SSL_BUFFER_LEN -
+                                               header_bytes;
 
     ret = inflate( &ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate, Z_SYNC_FLUSH );
     if( ret != Z_OK )
@@ -2180,8 +2183,8 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_COMPRESSION_FAILED );
     }
 
-    ssl->in_msglen = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN -
-                     ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.avail_out;
+    ssl->in_msglen = MBEDTLS_SSL_BUFFER_LEN -
+                     ssl->transform_in->ctx_inflate.avail_out - header_bytes;
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "after decompression: msglen = %d, ",
                    ssl->in_msglen ) );
diff --git a/scripts/output_env.sh b/scripts/output_env.sh
index 1afaac3..e9ad8c5 100755
--- a/scripts/output_env.sh
+++ b/scripts/output_env.sh
@@ -47,13 +47,15 @@
 print_version "uname" "-a" ""
 echo
 
-: ${ARMC5_CC:=armcc}
-print_version "$ARMC5_CC" "--vsn" "armcc not found!" "head -n 2"
-echo
+if [ "${RUN_ARMCC:-1}" -ne 0 ]; then
+    : "${ARMC5_CC:=armcc}"
+    print_version "$ARMC5_CC" "--vsn" "armcc not found!" "head -n 2"
+    echo
 
-: ${ARMC6_CC:=armclang}
-print_version "$ARMC6_CC" "--vsn" "armclang not found!" "head -n 2"
-echo
+    : "${ARMC6_CC:=armclang}"
+    print_version "$ARMC6_CC" "--vsn" "armclang not found!" "head -n 2"
+    echo
+fi
 
 print_version "arm-none-eabi-gcc" "--version" "gcc-arm not found!" "head -n 1"
 echo
diff --git a/tests/scripts/all.sh b/tests/scripts/all.sh
index de0bbcc..e6c7549 100755
--- a/tests/scripts/all.sh
+++ b/tests/scripts/all.sh
@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@
 MEMORY=0
 FORCE=0
 KEEP_GOING=0
-RELEASE=0
 RUN_ARMCC=1
 YOTTA=1
 
@@ -126,8 +125,12 @@
   -m|--memory           Additional optional memory tests.
      --armcc            Run ARM Compiler builds (on by default).
      --no-armcc         Skip ARM Compiler builds.
+     --no-force         Refuse to overwrite modified files (default).
+     --no-keep-going    Stop at the first error (default).
+     --no-memory        No additional memory tests (default).
      --no-yotta         Skip yotta module build.
      --out-of-source-dir=<path>  Directory used for CMake out-of-source build tests.
+     --random-seed      Use a random seed value for randomized tests (default).
   -r|--release-test     Run this script in release mode. This fixes the seed value to 1.
   -s|--seed             Integer seed value to use for this test run.
      --yotta            Build yotta module (on by default).
@@ -214,74 +217,29 @@
 
 while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
     case "$1" in
-        --armcc)
-            RUN_ARMCC=1
-            ;;
-        --armc5-bin-dir)
-            shift
-            ARMC5_BIN_DIR="$1"
-            ;;
-        --armc6-bin-dir)
-            shift
-            ARMC6_BIN_DIR="$1"
-            ;;
-        --force|-f)
-            FORCE=1
-            ;;
-        --gnutls-cli)
-            shift
-            GNUTLS_CLI="$1"
-            ;;
-        --gnutls-legacy-cli)
-            shift
-            GNUTLS_LEGACY_CLI="$1"
-            ;;
-        --gnutls-legacy-serv)
-            shift
-            GNUTLS_LEGACY_SERV="$1"
-            ;;
-        --gnutls-serv)
-            shift
-            GNUTLS_SERV="$1"
-            ;;
-        --help|-h)
-            usage
-            exit
-            ;;
-        --keep-going|-k)
-            KEEP_GOING=1
-            ;;
-        --memory|-m)
-            MEMORY=1
-            ;;
-        --no-armcc)
-            RUN_ARMCC=0
-            ;;
-        --no-yotta)
-            YOTTA=0
-            ;;
-        --openssl)
-            shift
-            OPENSSL="$1"
-            ;;
-        --openssl-legacy)
-            shift
-            OPENSSL_LEGACY="$1"
-            ;;
-        --out-of-source-dir)
-            shift
-            OUT_OF_SOURCE_DIR="$1"
-            ;;
-        --release-test|-r)
-            RELEASE=1
-            ;;
-        --seed|-s)
-            shift
-            SEED="$1"
-            ;;
-        --yotta)
-            YOTTA=1
-            ;;
+        --armcc) RUN_ARMCC=1;;
+        --armc5-bin-dir) shift; ARMC5_BIN_DIR="$1";;
+        --armc6-bin-dir) shift; ARMC6_BIN_DIR="$1";;
+        --force|-f) FORCE=1;;
+        --gnutls-cli) shift; GNUTLS_CLI="$1";;
+        --gnutls-legacy-cli) shift; GNUTLS_LEGACY_CLI="$1";;
+        --gnutls-legacy-serv) shift; GNUTLS_LEGACY_SERV="$1";;
+        --gnutls-serv) shift; GNUTLS_SERV="$1";;
+        --help|-h) usage; exit;;
+        --keep-going|-k) KEEP_GOING=1;;
+        --memory|-m) MEMORY=1;;
+        --no-armcc) RUN_ARMCC=0;;
+        --no-force) FORCE=0;;
+        --no-keep-going) KEEP_GOING=0;;
+        --no-memory) MEMORY=0;;
+        --no-yotta) YOTTA=0;;
+        --openssl) shift; OPENSSL="$1";;
+        --openssl-legacy) shift; OPENSSL_LEGACY="$1";;
+        --out-of-source-dir) shift; OUT_OF_SOURCE_DIR="$1";;
+        --random-seed) unset SEED;;
+        --release-test|-r) SEED=1;;
+        --seed|-s) shift; SEED="$1";;
+        --yotta) YOTTA=1;;
         *)
             echo >&2 "Unknown option: $1"
             echo >&2 "Run $0 --help for usage."
@@ -386,11 +344,6 @@
     fi
 }
 
-if [ $RELEASE -eq 1 ]; then
-    # Fix the seed value to 1 to ensure that the tests are deterministic.
-    SEED=1
-fi
-
 msg "info: $0 configuration"
 echo "MEMORY: $MEMORY"
 echo "FORCE: $FORCE"
@@ -416,7 +369,9 @@
 export GNUTLS_SERV="$GNUTLS_SERV"
 
 # Avoid passing --seed flag in every call to ssl-opt.sh
-[ ! -z ${SEED+set} ] && export SEED
+if [ -n "${SEED-}" ]; then
+  export SEED
+fi
 
 # Make sure the tools we need are available.
 check_tools "$OPENSSL" "$OPENSSL_LEGACY" "$GNUTLS_CLI" "$GNUTLS_SERV" \
@@ -447,7 +402,7 @@
 OPENSSL="$OPENSSL" OPENSSL_LEGACY="$OPENSSL_LEGACY" GNUTLS_CLI="$GNUTLS_CLI" \
     GNUTLS_SERV="$GNUTLS_SERV" GNUTLS_LEGACY_CLI="$GNUTLS_LEGACY_CLI" \
     GNUTLS_LEGACY_SERV="$GNUTLS_LEGACY_SERV" ARMC5_CC="$ARMC5_CC" \
-    ARMC6_CC="$ARMC6_CC" scripts/output_env.sh
+    ARMC6_CC="$ARMC6_CC" RUN_ARMCC="$RUN_ARMCC" scripts/output_env.sh
 
 msg "test: recursion.pl" # < 1s
 tests/scripts/recursion.pl library/*.c
diff --git a/tests/suites/helpers.function b/tests/suites/helpers.function
index eef41c7..f82694a 100644
--- a/tests/suites/helpers.function
+++ b/tests/suites/helpers.function
@@ -109,6 +109,9 @@
 }
 test_info;
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C)
+mbedtls_platform_context platform_ctx;
+#endif
 
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* Helper flags for complex dependencies */
@@ -127,6 +130,21 @@
 
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* Helper Functions */
+static int platform_setup()
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C)
+    ret = mbedtls_platform_setup( &platform_ctx );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C */
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+static void platform_teardown()
+{
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C)
+    mbedtls_platform_teardown( &platform_ctx );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C */
+}
 
 #if defined(__unix__) || (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__))
 static int redirect_output( FILE** out_stream, const char* path )
diff --git a/tests/suites/main_test.function b/tests/suites/main_test.function
index 042085f..1390f9f 100644
--- a/tests/suites/main_test.function
+++ b/tests/suites/main_test.function
@@ -281,6 +281,18 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_BUFFER_ALLOC_C) && \
     !defined(TEST_SUITE_MEMORY_BUFFER_ALLOC)
     unsigned char alloc_buf[1000000];
+#endif 
+    /* Platform setup should be called in the beginning */
+    ret = platform_setup();
+    if( ret != 0 )
+    {
+        mbedtls_fprintf( stderr,
+                         "FATAL: Failed to initialize platform - error %d\n",
+                         ret );
+        return( -1 );
+    }
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_BUFFER_ALLOC_C) && \
+    !defined(TEST_SUITE_MEMORY_BUFFER_ALLOC)
     mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_init( alloc_buf, sizeof(alloc_buf) );
 #endif
 
@@ -293,6 +305,7 @@
     if( pointer != NULL )
     {
         mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "all-bits-zero is not a NULL pointer\n" );
+        platform_teardown();
         return( 1 );
     }
 
@@ -302,7 +315,8 @@
     if( run_test_snprintf() != 0 )
     {
         mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "the snprintf implementation is broken\n" );
-        return( 0 );
+        platform_teardown();
+        return( 1 );
     }
 
     while( arg_index < argc)
@@ -318,6 +332,7 @@
                  strcmp(next_arg, "-h" ) == 0 )
         {
             mbedtls_fprintf( stdout, USAGE );
+            platform_teardown();
             mbedtls_exit( EXIT_SUCCESS );
         }
         else
@@ -357,6 +372,7 @@
         {
             mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "Failed to open test file: %s\n",
                              test_filename );
+            platform_teardown();
             return( 1 );
         }
 
@@ -366,6 +382,7 @@
             {
                 mbedtls_fprintf( stderr,
                     "FATAL: Dep count larger than zero at start of loop\n" );
+                platform_teardown();
                 mbedtls_exit( MBEDTLS_EXIT_FAILURE );
             }
             unmet_dep_count = 0;
@@ -402,6 +419,7 @@
                         if(  unmet_dependencies[ unmet_dep_count ] == NULL )
                         {
                             mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "FATAL: Out of memory\n" );
+                            platform_teardown();
                             mbedtls_exit( MBEDTLS_EXIT_FAILURE );
                         }
                         unmet_dep_count++;
@@ -427,6 +445,7 @@
                     stdout_fd = redirect_output( &stdout, "/dev/null" );
                     if( stdout_fd == -1 )
                     {
+                        platform_teardown();
                         /* Redirection has failed with no stdout so exit */
                         exit( 1 );
                     }
@@ -439,6 +458,7 @@
                 if( !option_verbose && restore_output( &stdout, stdout_fd ) )
                 {
                         /* Redirection has failed with no stdout so exit */
+                        platform_teardown();
                         exit( 1 );
                 }
 #endif /* __unix__ || __APPLE__ __MACH__ */
@@ -490,6 +510,7 @@
             {
                 mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "FAILED: FATAL PARSE ERROR\n" );
                 fclose( file );
+                platform_teardown();
                 mbedtls_exit( 2 );
             }
             else
@@ -501,6 +522,7 @@
             {
                 mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "Should be empty %d\n",
                                  (int) strlen( buf ) );
+                platform_teardown();
                 return( 1 );
             }
         }
@@ -533,5 +555,6 @@
         close_output( stdout );
 #endif /* __unix__ || __APPLE__ __MACH__ */
 
+    platform_teardown();
     return( total_errors != 0 );
 }
diff --git a/tests/suites/test_suite_mpi.data b/tests/suites/test_suite_mpi.data
index 17cf350..2a2cfce 100644
--- a/tests/suites/test_suite_mpi.data
+++ b/tests/suites/test_suite_mpi.data
@@ -688,6 +688,18 @@
 depends_on:MBEDTLS_GENPRIME
 mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime:3:0:0
 
+Test mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime (corner case limb size -1 bits)
+depends_on:MBEDTLS_GENPRIME
+mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime:63:0:0
+
+Test mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime (corner case limb size)
+depends_on:MBEDTLS_GENPRIME
+mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime:64:0:0
+
+Test mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime (corner case limb size +1 bits)
+depends_on:MBEDTLS_GENPRIME
+mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime:65:0:0
+
 Test mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime (Larger)
 depends_on:MBEDTLS_GENPRIME
 mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime:128:0:0
diff --git a/tests/suites/test_suite_version.data b/tests/suites/test_suite_version.data
index 79cc751..0aca470 100644
--- a/tests/suites/test_suite_version.data
+++ b/tests/suites/test_suite_version.data
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 Check compiletime library version
-check_compiletime_version:"2.8.0"
+check_compiletime_version:"2.9.0"
 
 Check runtime library version
-check_runtime_version:"2.8.0"
+check_runtime_version:"2.9.0"
 
 Check for MBEDTLS_VERSION_C
 check_feature:"MBEDTLS_VERSION_C":0