v4.19.13 snapshot.
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+menu "Kernel hacking"
+
+menu "printk and dmesg options"
+
+config PRINTK_TIME
+ bool "Show timing information on printks"
+ depends on PRINTK
+ help
+ Selecting this option causes time stamps of the printk()
+ messages to be added to the output of the syslog() system
+ call and at the console.
+
+ The timestamp is always recorded internally, and exported
+ to /dev/kmsg. This flag just specifies if the timestamp should
+ be included, not that the timestamp is recorded.
+
+ The behavior is also controlled by the kernel command line
+ parameter printk.time=1. See Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
+
+config CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT
+ int "Default console loglevel (1-15)"
+ range 1 15
+ default "7"
+ help
+ Default loglevel to determine what will be printed on the console.
+
+ Setting a default here is equivalent to passing in loglevel=<x> in
+ the kernel bootargs. loglevel=<x> continues to override whatever
+ value is specified here as well.
+
+ Note: This does not affect the log level of un-prefixed printk()
+ usage in the kernel. That is controlled by the MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT
+ option.
+
+config CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET
+ int "quiet console loglevel (1-15)"
+ range 1 15
+ default "4"
+ help
+ loglevel to use when "quiet" is passed on the kernel commandline.
+
+ When "quiet" is passed on the kernel commandline this loglevel
+ will be used as the loglevel. IOW passing "quiet" will be the
+ equivalent of passing "loglevel=<CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET>"
+
+config MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT
+ int "Default message log level (1-7)"
+ range 1 7
+ default "4"
+ help
+ Default log level for printk statements with no specified priority.
+
+ This was hard-coded to KERN_WARNING since at least 2.6.10 but folks
+ that are auditing their logs closely may want to set it to a lower
+ priority.
+
+ Note: This does not affect what message level gets printed on the console
+ by default. To change that, use loglevel=<x> in the kernel bootargs,
+ or pick a different CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT configuration value.
+
+config BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY
+ bool "Delay each boot printk message by N milliseconds"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PRINTK && GENERIC_CALIBRATE_DELAY
+ help
+ This build option allows you to read kernel boot messages
+ by inserting a short delay after each one. The delay is
+ specified in milliseconds on the kernel command line,
+ using "boot_delay=N".
+
+ It is likely that you would also need to use "lpj=M" to preset
+ the "loops per jiffie" value.
+ See a previous boot log for the "lpj" value to use for your
+ system, and then set "lpj=M" before setting "boot_delay=N".
+ NOTE: Using this option may adversely affect SMP systems.
+ I.e., processors other than the first one may not boot up.
+ BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY also may cause LOCKUP_DETECTOR to detect
+ what it believes to be lockup conditions.
+
+config DYNAMIC_DEBUG
+ bool "Enable dynamic printk() support"
+ default n
+ depends on PRINTK
+ depends on DEBUG_FS
+ help
+
+ Compiles debug level messages into the kernel, which would not
+ otherwise be available at runtime. These messages can then be
+ enabled/disabled based on various levels of scope - per source file,
+ function, module, format string, and line number. This mechanism
+ implicitly compiles in all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls, which
+ enlarges the kernel text size by about 2%.
+
+ If a source file is compiled with DEBUG flag set, any
+ pr_debug() calls in it are enabled by default, but can be
+ disabled at runtime as below. Note that DEBUG flag is
+ turned on by many CONFIG_*DEBUG* options.
+
+ Usage:
+
+ Dynamic debugging is controlled via the 'dynamic_debug/control' file,
+ which is contained in the 'debugfs' filesystem. Thus, the debugfs
+ filesystem must first be mounted before making use of this feature.
+ We refer the control file as: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control. This
+ file contains a list of the debug statements that can be enabled. The
+ format for each line of the file is:
+
+ filename:lineno [module]function flags format
+
+ filename : source file of the debug statement
+ lineno : line number of the debug statement
+ module : module that contains the debug statement
+ function : function that contains the debug statement
+ flags : '=p' means the line is turned 'on' for printing
+ format : the format used for the debug statement
+
+ From a live system:
+
+ nullarbor:~ # cat <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
+ # filename:lineno [module]function flags format
+ fs/aio.c:222 [aio]__put_ioctx =_ "__put_ioctx:\040freeing\040%p\012"
+ fs/aio.c:248 [aio]ioctx_alloc =_ "ENOMEM:\040nr_events\040too\040high\012"
+ fs/aio.c:1770 [aio]sys_io_cancel =_ "calling\040cancel\012"
+
+ Example usage:
+
+ // enable the message at line 1603 of file svcsock.c
+ nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
+ <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
+
+ // enable all the messages in file svcsock.c
+ nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' >
+ <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
+
+ // enable all the messages in the NFS server module
+ nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' >
+ <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
+
+ // enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
+ nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' >
+ <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
+
+ // disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
+ nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' >
+ <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
+
+ See Documentation/admin-guide/dynamic-debug-howto.rst for additional
+ information.
+
+endmenu # "printk and dmesg options"
+
+menu "Compile-time checks and compiler options"
+
+config DEBUG_INFO
+ bool "Compile the kernel with debug info"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !COMPILE_TEST
+ help
+ If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will include
+ debugging info resulting in a larger kernel image.
+ This adds debug symbols to the kernel and modules (gcc -g), and
+ is needed if you intend to use kernel crashdump or binary object
+ tools like crash, kgdb, LKCD, gdb, etc on the kernel.
+ Say Y here only if you plan to debug the kernel.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED
+ bool "Reduce debugging information"
+ depends on DEBUG_INFO
+ help
+ If you say Y here gcc is instructed to generate less debugging
+ information for structure types. This means that tools that
+ need full debugging information (like kgdb or systemtap) won't
+ be happy. But if you merely need debugging information to
+ resolve line numbers there is no loss. Advantage is that
+ build directory object sizes shrink dramatically over a full
+ DEBUG_INFO build and compile times are reduced too.
+ Only works with newer gcc versions.
+
+config DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT
+ bool "Produce split debuginfo in .dwo files"
+ depends on DEBUG_INFO
+ help
+ Generate debug info into separate .dwo files. This significantly
+ reduces the build directory size for builds with DEBUG_INFO,
+ because it stores the information only once on disk in .dwo
+ files instead of multiple times in object files and executables.
+ In addition the debug information is also compressed.
+
+ Requires recent gcc (4.7+) and recent gdb/binutils.
+ Any tool that packages or reads debug information would need
+ to know about the .dwo files and include them.
+ Incompatible with older versions of ccache.
+
+config DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4
+ bool "Generate dwarf4 debuginfo"
+ depends on DEBUG_INFO
+ help
+ Generate dwarf4 debug info. This requires recent versions
+ of gcc and gdb. It makes the debug information larger.
+ But it significantly improves the success of resolving
+ variables in gdb on optimized code.
+
+config GDB_SCRIPTS
+ bool "Provide GDB scripts for kernel debugging"
+ depends on DEBUG_INFO
+ help
+ This creates the required links to GDB helper scripts in the
+ build directory. If you load vmlinux into gdb, the helper
+ scripts will be automatically imported by gdb as well, and
+ additional functions are available to analyze a Linux kernel
+ instance. See Documentation/dev-tools/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst
+ for further details.
+
+config ENABLE_MUST_CHECK
+ bool "Enable __must_check logic"
+ default y
+ help
+ Enable the __must_check logic in the kernel build. Disable this to
+ suppress the "warning: ignoring return value of 'foo', declared with
+ attribute warn_unused_result" messages.
+
+config FRAME_WARN
+ int "Warn for stack frames larger than (needs gcc 4.4)"
+ range 0 8192
+ default 3072 if KASAN_EXTRA
+ default 2048 if GCC_PLUGIN_LATENT_ENTROPY
+ default 1280 if (!64BIT && PARISC)
+ default 1024 if (!64BIT && !PARISC)
+ default 2048 if 64BIT
+ help
+ Tell gcc to warn at build time for stack frames larger than this.
+ Setting this too low will cause a lot of warnings.
+ Setting it to 0 disables the warning.
+ Requires gcc 4.4
+
+config STRIP_ASM_SYMS
+ bool "Strip assembler-generated symbols during link"
+ default n
+ help
+ Strip internal assembler-generated symbols during a link (symbols
+ that look like '.Lxxx') so they don't pollute the output of
+ get_wchan() and suchlike.
+
+config READABLE_ASM
+ bool "Generate readable assembler code"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Disable some compiler optimizations that tend to generate human unreadable
+ assembler output. This may make the kernel slightly slower, but it helps
+ to keep kernel developers who have to stare a lot at assembler listings
+ sane.
+
+config UNUSED_SYMBOLS
+ bool "Enable unused/obsolete exported symbols"
+ default y if X86
+ help
+ Unused but exported symbols make the kernel needlessly bigger. For
+ that reason most of these unused exports will soon be removed. This
+ option is provided temporarily to provide a transition period in case
+ some external kernel module needs one of these symbols anyway. If you
+ encounter such a case in your module, consider if you are actually
+ using the right API. (rationale: since nobody in the kernel is using
+ this in a module, there is a pretty good chance it's actually the
+ wrong interface to use). If you really need the symbol, please send a
+ mail to the linux kernel mailing list mentioning the symbol and why
+ you really need it, and what the merge plan to the mainline kernel for
+ your module is.
+
+config PAGE_OWNER
+ bool "Track page owner"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
+ select DEBUG_FS
+ select STACKTRACE
+ select STACKDEPOT
+ select PAGE_EXTENSION
+ help
+ This keeps track of what call chain is the owner of a page, may
+ help to find bare alloc_page(s) leaks. Even if you include this
+ feature on your build, it is disabled in default. You should pass
+ "page_owner=on" to boot parameter in order to enable it. Eats
+ a fair amount of memory if enabled. See tools/vm/page_owner_sort.c
+ for user-space helper.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_FS
+ bool "Debug Filesystem"
+ help
+ debugfs is a virtual file system that kernel developers use to put
+ debugging files into. Enable this option to be able to read and
+ write to these files.
+
+ For detailed documentation on the debugfs API, see
+ Documentation/filesystems/.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config HEADERS_CHECK
+ bool "Run 'make headers_check' when building vmlinux"
+ depends on !UML
+ help
+ This option will extract the user-visible kernel headers whenever
+ building the kernel, and will run basic sanity checks on them to
+ ensure that exported files do not attempt to include files which
+ were not exported, etc.
+
+ If you're making modifications to header files which are
+ relevant for userspace, say 'Y', and check the headers
+ exported to $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH) (usually 'usr/include' in
+ your build tree), to make sure they're suitable.
+
+config DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH
+ bool "Enable full Section mismatch analysis"
+ help
+ The section mismatch analysis checks if there are illegal
+ references from one section to another section.
+ During linktime or runtime, some sections are dropped;
+ any use of code/data previously in these sections would
+ most likely result in an oops.
+ In the code, functions and variables are annotated with
+ __init,, etc. (see the full list in include/linux/init.h),
+ which results in the code/data being placed in specific sections.
+ The section mismatch analysis is always performed after a full
+ kernel build, and enabling this option causes the following
+ additional steps to occur:
+ - Add the option -fno-inline-functions-called-once to gcc commands.
+ When inlining a function annotated with __init in a non-init
+ function, we would lose the section information and thus
+ the analysis would not catch the illegal reference.
+ This option tells gcc to inline less (but it does result in
+ a larger kernel).
+ - Run the section mismatch analysis for each module/built-in.a file.
+ When we run the section mismatch analysis on vmlinux.o, we
+ lose valuable information about where the mismatch was
+ introduced.
+ Running the analysis for each module/built-in.a file
+ tells where the mismatch happens much closer to the
+ source. The drawback is that the same mismatch is
+ reported at least twice.
+ - Enable verbose reporting from modpost in order to help resolve
+ the section mismatches that are reported.
+
+config SECTION_MISMATCH_WARN_ONLY
+ bool "Make section mismatch errors non-fatal"
+ default y
+ help
+ If you say N here, the build process will fail if there are any
+ section mismatch, instead of just throwing warnings.
+
+ If unsure, say Y.
+
+#
+# Select this config option from the architecture Kconfig, if it
+# is preferred to always offer frame pointers as a config
+# option on the architecture (regardless of KERNEL_DEBUG):
+#
+config ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
+ bool
+
+config FRAME_POINTER
+ bool "Compile the kernel with frame pointers"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && (M68K || UML || SUPERH) || ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
+ default y if (DEBUG_INFO && UML) || ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
+ help
+ If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will be slightly
+ larger and slower, but it gives very useful debugging information
+ in case of kernel bugs. (precise oopses/stacktraces/warnings)
+
+config STACK_VALIDATION
+ bool "Compile-time stack metadata validation"
+ depends on HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
+ default n
+ help
+ Add compile-time checks to validate stack metadata, including frame
+ pointers (if CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is enabled). This helps ensure
+ that runtime stack traces are more reliable.
+
+ This is also a prerequisite for generation of ORC unwind data, which
+ is needed for CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC.
+
+ For more information, see
+ tools/objtool/Documentation/stack-validation.txt.
+
+config DEBUG_FORCE_WEAK_PER_CPU
+ bool "Force weak per-cpu definitions"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ s390 and alpha require percpu variables in modules to be
+ defined weak to work around addressing range issue which
+ puts the following two restrictions on percpu variable
+ definitions.
+
+ 1. percpu symbols must be unique whether static or not
+ 2. percpu variables can't be defined inside a function
+
+ To ensure that generic code follows the above rules, this
+ option forces all percpu variables to be defined as weak.
+
+endmenu # "Compiler options"
+
+config MAGIC_SYSRQ
+ bool "Magic SysRq key"
+ depends on !UML
+ help
+ If you say Y here, you will have some control over the system even
+ if the system crashes for example during kernel debugging (e.g., you
+ will be able to flush the buffer cache to disk, reboot the system
+ immediately or dump some status information). This is accomplished
+ by pressing various keys while holding SysRq (Alt+PrintScreen). It
+ also works on a serial console (on PC hardware at least), if you
+ send a BREAK and then within 5 seconds a command keypress. The
+ keys are documented in <file:Documentation/admin-guide/sysrq.rst>.
+ Don't say Y unless you really know what this hack does.
+
+config MAGIC_SYSRQ_DEFAULT_ENABLE
+ hex "Enable magic SysRq key functions by default"
+ depends on MAGIC_SYSRQ
+ default 0x1
+ help
+ Specifies which SysRq key functions are enabled by default.
+ This may be set to 1 or 0 to enable or disable them all, or
+ to a bitmask as described in Documentation/admin-guide/sysrq.rst.
+
+config MAGIC_SYSRQ_SERIAL
+ bool "Enable magic SysRq key over serial"
+ depends on MAGIC_SYSRQ
+ default y
+ help
+ Many embedded boards have a disconnected TTL level serial which can
+ generate some garbage that can lead to spurious false sysrq detects.
+ This option allows you to decide whether you want to enable the
+ magic SysRq key.
+
+config DEBUG_KERNEL
+ bool "Kernel debugging"
+ help
+ Say Y here if you are developing drivers or trying to debug and
+ identify kernel problems.
+
+menu "Memory Debugging"
+
+source mm/Kconfig.debug
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ bool "Debug object operations"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
+ kernel to track the life time of various objects and validate
+ the operations on those objects.
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_SELFTEST
+ bool "Debug objects selftest"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ This enables the selftest of the object debug code.
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_FREE
+ bool "Debug objects in freed memory"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ This enables checks whether a k/v free operation frees an area
+ which contains an object which has not been deactivated
+ properly. This can make kmalloc/kfree-intensive workloads
+ much slower.
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS
+ bool "Debug timer objects"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
+ timer routines to track the life time of timer objects and
+ validate the timer operations.
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK
+ bool "Debug work objects"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
+ work queue routines to track the life time of work objects and
+ validate the work operations.
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
+ bool "Debug RCU callbacks objects"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on debugging of RCU list heads (call_rcu() usage).
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_PERCPU_COUNTER
+ bool "Debug percpu counter objects"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
+ percpu counter routines to track the life time of percpu counter
+ objects and validate the percpu counter operations.
+
+config DEBUG_OBJECTS_ENABLE_DEFAULT
+ int "debug_objects bootup default value (0-1)"
+ range 0 1
+ default "1"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
+ help
+ Debug objects boot parameter default value
+
+config DEBUG_SLAB
+ bool "Debug slab memory allocations"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && SLAB
+ help
+ Say Y here to have the kernel do limited verification on memory
+ allocation as well as poisoning memory on free to catch use of freed
+ memory. This can make kmalloc/kfree-intensive workloads much slower.
+
+config DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
+ bool "Memory leak debugging"
+ depends on DEBUG_SLAB
+
+config SLUB_DEBUG_ON
+ bool "SLUB debugging on by default"
+ depends on SLUB && SLUB_DEBUG
+ default n
+ help
+ Boot with debugging on by default. SLUB boots by default with
+ the runtime debug capabilities switched off. Enabling this is
+ equivalent to specifying the "slub_debug" parameter on boot.
+ There is no support for more fine grained debug control like
+ possible with slub_debug=xxx. SLUB debugging may be switched
+ off in a kernel built with CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON by specifying
+ "slub_debug=-".
+
+config SLUB_STATS
+ default n
+ bool "Enable SLUB performance statistics"
+ depends on SLUB && SYSFS
+ help
+ SLUB statistics are useful to debug SLUBs allocation behavior in
+ order find ways to optimize the allocator. This should never be
+ enabled for production use since keeping statistics slows down
+ the allocator by a few percentage points. The slabinfo command
+ supports the determination of the most active slabs to figure
+ out which slabs are relevant to a particular load.
+ Try running: slabinfo -DA
+
+config HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
+ bool
+
+config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
+ bool "Kernel memory leak detector"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
+ select DEBUG_FS
+ select STACKTRACE if STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
+ select KALLSYMS
+ select CRC32
+ help
+ Say Y here if you want to enable the memory leak
+ detector. The memory allocation/freeing is traced in a way
+ similar to the Boehm's conservative garbage collector, the
+ difference being that the orphan objects are not freed but
+ only shown in /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak. Enabling this
+ feature will introduce an overhead to memory
+ allocations. See Documentation/dev-tools/kmemleak.rst for more
+ details.
+
+ Enabling DEBUG_SLAB or SLUB_DEBUG may increase the chances
+ of finding leaks due to the slab objects poisoning.
+
+ In order to access the kmemleak file, debugfs needs to be
+ mounted (usually at /sys/kernel/debug).
+
+config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_EARLY_LOG_SIZE
+ int "Maximum kmemleak early log entries"
+ depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
+ range 200 40000
+ default 400
+ help
+ Kmemleak must track all the memory allocations to avoid
+ reporting false positives. Since memory may be allocated or
+ freed before kmemleak is initialised, an early log buffer is
+ used to store these actions. If kmemleak reports "early log
+ buffer exceeded", please increase this value.
+
+config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_TEST
+ tristate "Simple test for the kernel memory leak detector"
+ depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK && m
+ help
+ This option enables a module that explicitly leaks memory.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF
+ bool "Default kmemleak to off"
+ depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
+ help
+ Say Y here to disable kmemleak by default. It can then be enabled
+ on the command line via kmemleak=on.
+
+config DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
+ bool "Stack utilization instrumentation"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !IA64
+ help
+ Enables the display of the minimum amount of free stack which each
+ task has ever had available in the sysrq-T and sysrq-P debug output.
+
+ This option will slow down process creation somewhat.
+
+config DEBUG_VM
+ bool "Debug VM"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on extended checks in the virtual-memory system
+ that may impact performance.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_VM_VMACACHE
+ bool "Debug VMA caching"
+ depends on DEBUG_VM
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on VMA caching debug information. Doing so
+ can cause significant overhead, so only enable it in non-production
+ environments.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_VM_RB
+ bool "Debug VM red-black trees"
+ depends on DEBUG_VM
+ help
+ Enable VM red-black tree debugging information and extra validations.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_VM_PGFLAGS
+ bool "Debug page-flags operations"
+ depends on DEBUG_VM
+ help
+ Enables extra validation on page flags operations.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
+ bool
+
+config DEBUG_VIRTUAL
+ bool "Debug VM translations"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
+ help
+ Enable some costly sanity checks in virtual to page code. This can
+ catch mistakes with virt_to_page() and friends.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_NOMMU_REGIONS
+ bool "Debug the global anon/private NOMMU mapping region tree"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !MMU
+ help
+ This option causes the global tree of anonymous and private mapping
+ regions to be regularly checked for invalid topology.
+
+config DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT
+ bool "Debug memory initialisation" if EXPERT
+ default !EXPERT
+ help
+ Enable this for additional checks during memory initialisation.
+ The sanity checks verify aspects of the VM such as the memory model
+ and other information provided by the architecture. Verbose
+ information will be printed at KERN_DEBUG loglevel depending
+ on the mminit_loglevel= command-line option.
+
+ If unsure, say Y
+
+config MEMORY_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT
+ tristate "Memory hotplug notifier error injection module"
+ depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
+ help
+ This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to
+ memory hotplug notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through
+ debugfs interface under /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
+
+ If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events
+ notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".
+
+ Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)
+
+ # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
+ # echo -12 > actions/MEM_GOING_OFFLINE/error
+ # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state
+ bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
+
+ To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
+ be called memory-notifier-error-inject.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS
+ bool "Debug access to per_cpu maps"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ depends on SMP
+ help
+ Say Y to verify that the per_cpu map being accessed has
+ been set up. This adds a fair amount of code to kernel memory
+ and decreases performance.
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
+config DEBUG_HIGHMEM
+ bool "Highmem debugging"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HIGHMEM
+ help
+ This option enables additional error checking for high memory
+ systems. Disable for production systems.
+
+config HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
+ bool
+
+config DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
+ bool "Check for stack overflows"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
+ ---help---
+ Say Y here if you want to check for overflows of kernel, IRQ
+ and exception stacks (if your architecture uses them). This
+ option will show detailed messages if free stack space drops
+ below a certain limit.
+
+ These kinds of bugs usually occur when call-chains in the
+ kernel get too deep, especially when interrupts are
+ involved.
+
+ Use this in cases where you see apparently random memory
+ corruption, especially if it appears in 'struct thread_info'
+
+ If in doubt, say "N".
+
+source "lib/Kconfig.kasan"
+
+endmenu # "Memory Debugging"
+
+config ARCH_HAS_KCOV
+ bool
+ help
+ KCOV does not have any arch-specific code, but currently it is enabled
+ only for x86_64. KCOV requires testing on other archs, and most likely
+ disabling of instrumentation for some early boot code.
+
+config CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC
+ def_bool $(cc-option,-fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc)
+
+config KCOV
+ bool "Code coverage for fuzzing"
+ depends on ARCH_HAS_KCOV
+ depends on CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC || GCC_PLUGINS
+ select DEBUG_FS
+ select GCC_PLUGIN_SANCOV if !CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC
+ help
+ KCOV exposes kernel code coverage information in a form suitable
+ for coverage-guided fuzzing (randomized testing).
+
+ If RANDOMIZE_BASE is enabled, PC values will not be stable across
+ different machines and across reboots. If you need stable PC values,
+ disable RANDOMIZE_BASE.
+
+ For more details, see Documentation/dev-tools/kcov.rst.
+
+config KCOV_ENABLE_COMPARISONS
+ bool "Enable comparison operands collection by KCOV"
+ depends on KCOV
+ depends on $(cc-option,-fsanitize-coverage=trace-cmp)
+ help
+ KCOV also exposes operands of every comparison in the instrumented
+ code along with operand sizes and PCs of the comparison instructions.
+ These operands can be used by fuzzing engines to improve the quality
+ of fuzzing coverage.
+
+config KCOV_INSTRUMENT_ALL
+ bool "Instrument all code by default"
+ depends on KCOV
+ default y
+ help
+ If you are doing generic system call fuzzing (like e.g. syzkaller),
+ then you will want to instrument the whole kernel and you should
+ say y here. If you are doing more targeted fuzzing (like e.g.
+ filesystem fuzzing with AFL) then you will want to enable coverage
+ for more specific subsets of files, and should say n here.
+
+config DEBUG_SHIRQ
+ bool "Debug shared IRQ handlers"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this to generate a spurious interrupt as soon as a shared
+ interrupt handler is registered, and just before one is deregistered.
+ Drivers ought to be able to handle interrupts coming in at those
+ points; some don't and need to be caught.
+
+menu "Debug Lockups and Hangs"
+
+config LOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ bool
+
+config SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ bool "Detect Soft Lockups"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !S390
+ select LOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to act as a watchdog to detect
+ soft lockups.
+
+ Softlockups are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel
+ mode for more than 20 seconds, without giving other tasks a
+ chance to run. The current stack trace is displayed upon
+ detection and the system will stay locked up.
+
+config BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC
+ bool "Panic (Reboot) On Soft Lockups"
+ depends on SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "soft lockups",
+ which are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel
+ mode for more than 20 seconds (configurable using the watchdog_thresh
+ sysctl), without giving other tasks a chance to run.
+
+ The panic can be used in combination with panic_timeout,
+ to cause the system to reboot automatically after a
+ lockup has been detected. This feature is useful for
+ high-availability systems that have uptime guarantees and
+ where a lockup must be resolved ASAP.
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
+config BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC_VALUE
+ int
+ depends on SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ range 0 1
+ default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC
+ default 1 if BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC
+
+config HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
+ bool
+ select SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+
+#
+# Enables a timestamp based low pass filter to compensate for perf based
+# hard lockup detection which runs too fast due to turbo modes.
+#
+config HARDLOCKUP_CHECK_TIMESTAMP
+ bool
+
+#
+# arch/ can define HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH to provide their own hard
+# lockup detector rather than the perf based detector.
+#
+config HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ bool "Detect Hard Lockups"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !S390
+ depends on HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF || HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH
+ select LOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ select HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF if HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
+ select HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH if HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to act as a watchdog to detect
+ hard lockups.
+
+ Hardlockups are bugs that cause the CPU to loop in kernel mode
+ for more than 10 seconds, without letting other interrupts have a
+ chance to run. The current stack trace is displayed upon detection
+ and the system will stay locked up.
+
+config BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC
+ bool "Panic (Reboot) On Hard Lockups"
+ depends on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "hard lockups",
+ which are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel
+ mode with interrupts disabled for more than 10 seconds (configurable
+ using the watchdog_thresh sysctl).
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
+config BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC_VALUE
+ int
+ depends on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ range 0 1
+ default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC
+ default 1 if BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC
+
+config DETECT_HUNG_TASK
+ bool "Detect Hung Tasks"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ default SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to detect "hung tasks",
+ which are bugs that cause the task to be stuck in
+ uninterruptible "D" state indefinitely.
+
+ When a hung task is detected, the kernel will print the
+ current stack trace (which you should report), but the
+ task will stay in uninterruptible state. If lockdep is
+ enabled then all held locks will also be reported. This
+ feature has negligible overhead.
+
+config DEFAULT_HUNG_TASK_TIMEOUT
+ int "Default timeout for hung task detection (in seconds)"
+ depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK
+ default 120
+ help
+ This option controls the default timeout (in seconds) used
+ to determine when a task has become non-responsive and should
+ be considered hung.
+
+ It can be adjusted at runtime via the kernel.hung_task_timeout_secs
+ sysctl or by writing a value to
+ /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs.
+
+ A timeout of 0 disables the check. The default is two minutes.
+ Keeping the default should be fine in most cases.
+
+config BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC
+ bool "Panic (Reboot) On Hung Tasks"
+ depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "hung tasks",
+ which are bugs that cause the kernel to leave a task stuck
+ in uninterruptible "D" state.
+
+ The panic can be used in combination with panic_timeout,
+ to cause the system to reboot automatically after a
+ hung task has been detected. This feature is useful for
+ high-availability systems that have uptime guarantees and
+ where a hung tasks must be resolved ASAP.
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
+config BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC_VALUE
+ int
+ depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK
+ range 0 1
+ default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC
+ default 1 if BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC
+
+config WQ_WATCHDOG
+ bool "Detect Workqueue Stalls"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable stall detection on workqueues. If a
+ worker pool doesn't make forward progress on a pending work
+ item for over a given amount of time, 30s by default, a
+ warning message is printed along with dump of workqueue
+ state. This can be configured through kernel parameter
+ "workqueue.watchdog_thresh" and its sysfs counterpart.
+
+endmenu # "Debug lockups and hangs"
+
+config PANIC_ON_OOPS
+ bool "Panic on Oops"
+ help
+ Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic when it oopses. This
+ has the same effect as setting oops=panic on the kernel command
+ line.
+
+ This feature is useful to ensure that the kernel does not do
+ anything erroneous after an oops which could result in data
+ corruption or other issues.
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
+config PANIC_ON_OOPS_VALUE
+ int
+ range 0 1
+ default 0 if !PANIC_ON_OOPS
+ default 1 if PANIC_ON_OOPS
+
+config PANIC_TIMEOUT
+ int "panic timeout"
+ default 0
+ help
+ Set the timeout value (in seconds) until a reboot occurs when the
+ the kernel panics. If n = 0, then we wait forever. A timeout
+ value n > 0 will wait n seconds before rebooting, while a timeout
+ value n < 0 will reboot immediately.
+
+config SCHED_DEBUG
+ bool "Collect scheduler debugging info"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
+ default y
+ help
+ If you say Y here, the /proc/sched_debug file will be provided
+ that can help debug the scheduler. The runtime overhead of this
+ option is minimal.
+
+config SCHED_INFO
+ bool
+ default n
+
+config SCHEDSTATS
+ bool "Collect scheduler statistics"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
+ select SCHED_INFO
+ help
+ If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
+ scheduler and related routines to collect statistics about
+ scheduler behavior and provide them in /proc/schedstat. These
+ stats may be useful for both tuning and debugging the scheduler
+ If you aren't debugging the scheduler or trying to tune a specific
+ application, you can say N to avoid the very slight overhead
+ this adds.
+
+config SCHED_STACK_END_CHECK
+ bool "Detect stack corruption on calls to schedule()"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ default n
+ help
+ This option checks for a stack overrun on calls to schedule().
+ If the stack end location is found to be over written always panic as
+ the content of the corrupted region can no longer be trusted.
+ This is to ensure no erroneous behaviour occurs which could result in
+ data corruption or a sporadic crash at a later stage once the region
+ is examined. The runtime overhead introduced is minimal.
+
+config DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING
+ bool "Enable extra timekeeping sanity checking"
+ help
+ This option will enable additional timekeeping sanity checks
+ which may be helpful when diagnosing issues where timekeeping
+ problems are suspected.
+
+ This may include checks in the timekeeping hotpaths, so this
+ option may have a (very small) performance impact to some
+ workloads.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_PREEMPT
+ bool "Debug preemptible kernel"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PREEMPT && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT
+ default y
+ help
+ If you say Y here then the kernel will use a debug variant of the
+ commonly used smp_processor_id() function and will print warnings
+ if kernel code uses it in a preemption-unsafe way. Also, the kernel
+ will detect preemption count underflows.
+
+menu "Lock Debugging (spinlocks, mutexes, etc...)"
+
+config LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
+ bool
+ depends on TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT && LOCKDEP_SUPPORT
+ default y
+
+config PROVE_LOCKING
+ bool "Lock debugging: prove locking correctness"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
+ select LOCKDEP
+ select DEBUG_SPINLOCK
+ select DEBUG_MUTEXES
+ select DEBUG_RT_MUTEXES if RT_MUTEXES
+ select DEBUG_RWSEMS if RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
+ select DEBUG_WW_MUTEX_SLOWPATH
+ select DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
+ select TRACE_IRQFLAGS
+ default n
+ help
+ This feature enables the kernel to prove that all locking
+ that occurs in the kernel runtime is mathematically
+ correct: that under no circumstance could an arbitrary (and
+ not yet triggered) combination of observed locking
+ sequences (on an arbitrary number of CPUs, running an
+ arbitrary number of tasks and interrupt contexts) cause a
+ deadlock.
+
+ In short, this feature enables the kernel to report locking
+ related deadlocks before they actually occur.
+
+ The proof does not depend on how hard and complex a
+ deadlock scenario would be to trigger: how many
+ participant CPUs, tasks and irq-contexts would be needed
+ for it to trigger. The proof also does not depend on
+ timing: if a race and a resulting deadlock is possible
+ theoretically (no matter how unlikely the race scenario
+ is), it will be proven so and will immediately be
+ reported by the kernel (once the event is observed that
+ makes the deadlock theoretically possible).
+
+ If a deadlock is impossible (i.e. the locking rules, as
+ observed by the kernel, are mathematically correct), the
+ kernel reports nothing.
+
+ NOTE: this feature can also be enabled for rwlocks, mutexes
+ and rwsems - in which case all dependencies between these
+ different locking variants are observed and mapped too, and
+ the proof of observed correctness is also maintained for an
+ arbitrary combination of these separate locking variants.
+
+ For more details, see Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.txt.
+
+config LOCK_STAT
+ bool "Lock usage statistics"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
+ select LOCKDEP
+ select DEBUG_SPINLOCK
+ select DEBUG_MUTEXES
+ select DEBUG_RT_MUTEXES if RT_MUTEXES
+ select DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
+ default n
+ help
+ This feature enables tracking lock contention points
+
+ For more details, see Documentation/locking/lockstat.txt
+
+ This also enables lock events required by "perf lock",
+ subcommand of perf.
+ If you want to use "perf lock", you also need to turn on
+ CONFIG_EVENT_TRACING.
+
+ CONFIG_LOCK_STAT defines "contended" and "acquired" lock events.
+ (CONFIG_LOCKDEP defines "acquire" and "release" events.)
+
+config DEBUG_RT_MUTEXES
+ bool "RT Mutex debugging, deadlock detection"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && RT_MUTEXES
+ help
+ This allows rt mutex semantics violations and rt mutex related
+ deadlocks (lockups) to be detected and reported automatically.
+
+config DEBUG_SPINLOCK
+ bool "Spinlock and rw-lock debugging: basic checks"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ select UNINLINE_SPIN_UNLOCK
+ help
+ Say Y here and build SMP to catch missing spinlock initialization
+ and certain other kinds of spinlock errors commonly made. This is
+ best used in conjunction with the NMI watchdog so that spinlock
+ deadlocks are also debuggable.
+
+config DEBUG_MUTEXES
+ bool "Mutex debugging: basic checks"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ This feature allows mutex semantics violations to be detected and
+ reported.
+
+config DEBUG_WW_MUTEX_SLOWPATH
+ bool "Wait/wound mutex debugging: Slowpath testing"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
+ select DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
+ select DEBUG_SPINLOCK
+ select DEBUG_MUTEXES
+ help
+ This feature enables slowpath testing for w/w mutex users by
+ injecting additional -EDEADLK wound/backoff cases. Together with
+ the full mutex checks enabled with (CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING) this
+ will test all possible w/w mutex interface abuse with the
+ exception of simply not acquiring all the required locks.
+ Note that this feature can introduce significant overhead, so
+ it really should not be enabled in a production or distro kernel,
+ even a debug kernel. If you are a driver writer, enable it. If
+ you are a distro, do not.
+
+config DEBUG_RWSEMS
+ bool "RW Semaphore debugging: basic checks"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
+ help
+ This debugging feature allows mismatched rw semaphore locks and unlocks
+ to be detected and reported.
+
+config DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
+ bool "Lock debugging: detect incorrect freeing of live locks"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
+ select DEBUG_SPINLOCK
+ select DEBUG_MUTEXES
+ select DEBUG_RT_MUTEXES if RT_MUTEXES
+ select LOCKDEP
+ help
+ This feature will check whether any held lock (spinlock, rwlock,
+ mutex or rwsem) is incorrectly freed by the kernel, via any of the
+ memory-freeing routines (kfree(), kmem_cache_free(), free_pages(),
+ vfree(), etc.), whether a live lock is incorrectly reinitialized via
+ spin_lock_init()/mutex_init()/etc., or whether there is any lock
+ held during task exit.
+
+config LOCKDEP
+ bool
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT
+ select STACKTRACE
+ select FRAME_POINTER if !MIPS && !PPC && !ARM_UNWIND && !S390 && !MICROBLAZE && !ARC && !X86
+ select KALLSYMS
+ select KALLSYMS_ALL
+
+config LOCKDEP_SMALL
+ bool
+
+config DEBUG_LOCKDEP
+ bool "Lock dependency engine debugging"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCKDEP
+ help
+ If you say Y here, the lock dependency engine will do
+ additional runtime checks to debug itself, at the price
+ of more runtime overhead.
+
+config DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP
+ bool "Sleep inside atomic section checking"
+ select PREEMPT_COUNT
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ depends on !ARCH_NO_PREEMPT
+ help
+ If you say Y here, various routines which may sleep will become very
+ noisy if they are called inside atomic sections: when a spinlock is
+ held, inside an rcu read side critical section, inside preempt disabled
+ sections, inside an interrupt, etc...
+
+config DEBUG_LOCKING_API_SELFTESTS
+ bool "Locking API boot-time self-tests"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Say Y here if you want the kernel to run a short self-test during
+ bootup. The self-test checks whether common types of locking bugs
+ are detected by debugging mechanisms or not. (if you disable
+ lock debugging then those bugs wont be detected of course.)
+ The following locking APIs are covered: spinlocks, rwlocks,
+ mutexes and rwsems.
+
+config LOCK_TORTURE_TEST
+ tristate "torture tests for locking"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ select TORTURE_TEST
+ help
+ This option provides a kernel module that runs torture tests
+ on kernel locking primitives. The kernel module may be built
+ after the fact on the running kernel to be tested, if desired.
+
+ Say Y here if you want kernel locking-primitive torture tests
+ to be built into the kernel.
+ Say M if you want these torture tests to build as a module.
+ Say N if you are unsure.
+
+config WW_MUTEX_SELFTEST
+ tristate "Wait/wound mutex selftests"
+ help
+ This option provides a kernel module that runs tests on the
+ on the struct ww_mutex locking API.
+
+ It is recommended to enable DEBUG_WW_MUTEX_SLOWPATH in conjunction
+ with this test harness.
+
+ Say M if you want these self tests to build as a module.
+ Say N if you are unsure.
+
+endmenu # lock debugging
+
+config TRACE_IRQFLAGS
+ bool
+ help
+ Enables hooks to interrupt enabling and disabling for
+ either tracing or lock debugging.
+
+config STACKTRACE
+ bool "Stack backtrace support"
+ depends on STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
+ help
+ This option causes the kernel to create a /proc/pid/stack for
+ every process, showing its current stack trace.
+ It is also used by various kernel debugging features that require
+ stack trace generation.
+
+config WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM
+ bool "Warn for all uses of unseeded randomness"
+ default n
+ help
+ Some parts of the kernel contain bugs relating to their use of
+ cryptographically secure random numbers before it's actually possible
+ to generate those numbers securely. This setting ensures that these
+ flaws don't go unnoticed, by enabling a message, should this ever
+ occur. This will allow people with obscure setups to know when things
+ are going wrong, so that they might contact developers about fixing
+ it.
+
+ Unfortunately, on some models of some architectures getting
+ a fully seeded CRNG is extremely difficult, and so this can
+ result in dmesg getting spammed for a surprisingly long
+ time. This is really bad from a security perspective, and
+ so architecture maintainers really need to do what they can
+ to get the CRNG seeded sooner after the system is booted.
+ However, since users cannot do anything actionable to
+ address this, by default the kernel will issue only a single
+ warning for the first use of unseeded randomness.
+
+ Say Y here if you want to receive warnings for all uses of
+ unseeded randomness. This will be of use primarily for
+ those developers interested in improving the security of
+ Linux kernels running on their architecture (or
+ subarchitecture).
+
+config DEBUG_KOBJECT
+ bool "kobject debugging"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ If you say Y here, some extra kobject debugging messages will be sent
+ to the syslog.
+
+config DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE
+ bool "kobject release debugging"
+ depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS
+ help
+ kobjects are reference counted objects. This means that their
+ last reference count put is not predictable, and the kobject can
+ live on past the point at which a driver decides to drop it's
+ initial reference to the kobject gained on allocation. An
+ example of this would be a struct device which has just been
+ unregistered.
+
+ However, some buggy drivers assume that after such an operation,
+ the memory backing the kobject can be immediately freed. This
+ goes completely against the principles of a refcounted object.
+
+ If you say Y here, the kernel will delay the release of kobjects
+ on the last reference count to improve the visibility of this
+ kind of kobject release bug.
+
+config HAVE_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
+ bool
+
+config DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
+ bool "Verbose BUG() reporting (adds 70K)" if DEBUG_KERNEL && EXPERT
+ depends on BUG && (GENERIC_BUG || HAVE_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE)
+ default y
+ help
+ Say Y here to make BUG() panics output the file name and line number
+ of the BUG call as well as the EIP and oops trace. This aids
+ debugging but costs about 70-100K of memory.
+
+config DEBUG_LIST
+ bool "Debug linked list manipulation"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL || BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on extended checks in the linked-list
+ walking routines.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_PI_LIST
+ bool "Debug priority linked list manipulation"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on extended checks in the priority-ordered
+ linked-list (plist) walking routines. This checks the entire
+ list multiple times during each manipulation.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_SG
+ bool "Debug SG table operations"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on checks on scatter-gather tables. This can
+ help find problems with drivers that do not properly initialize
+ their sg tables.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_NOTIFIERS
+ bool "Debug notifier call chains"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on sanity checking for notifier call chains.
+ This is most useful for kernel developers to make sure that
+ modules properly unregister themselves from notifier chains.
+ This is a relatively cheap check but if you care about maximum
+ performance, say N.
+
+config DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
+ bool "Debug credential management"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on some debug checking for credential
+ management. The additional code keeps track of the number of
+ pointers from task_structs to any given cred struct, and checks to
+ see that this number never exceeds the usage count of the cred
+ struct.
+
+ Furthermore, if SELinux is enabled, this also checks that the
+ security pointer in the cred struct is never seen to be invalid.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+source "kernel/rcu/Kconfig.debug"
+
+config DEBUG_WQ_FORCE_RR_CPU
+ bool "Force round-robin CPU selection for unbound work items"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ default n
+ help
+ Workqueue used to implicitly guarantee that work items queued
+ without explicit CPU specified are put on the local CPU. This
+ guarantee is no longer true and while local CPU is still
+ preferred work items may be put on foreign CPUs. Kernel
+ parameter "workqueue.debug_force_rr_cpu" is added to force
+ round-robin CPU selection to flush out usages which depend on the
+ now broken guarantee. This config option enables the debug
+ feature by default. When enabled, memory and cache locality will
+ be impacted.
+
+config DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT
+ bool "Force extended block device numbers and spread them"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ depends on BLOCK
+ default n
+ help
+ BIG FAT WARNING: ENABLING THIS OPTION MIGHT BREAK BOOTING ON
+ SOME DISTRIBUTIONS. DO NOT ENABLE THIS UNLESS YOU KNOW WHAT
+ YOU ARE DOING. Distros, please enable this and fix whatever
+ is broken.
+
+ Conventionally, block device numbers are allocated from
+ predetermined contiguous area. However, extended block area
+ may introduce non-contiguous block device numbers. This
+ option forces most block device numbers to be allocated from
+ the extended space and spreads them to discover kernel or
+ userland code paths which assume predetermined contiguous
+ device number allocation.
+
+ Note that turning on this debug option shuffles all the
+ device numbers for all IDE and SCSI devices including libata
+ ones, so root partition specified using device number
+ directly (via rdev or root=MAJ:MIN) won't work anymore.
+ Textual device names (root=/dev/sdXn) will continue to work.
+
+ Say N if you are unsure.
+
+config CPU_HOTPLUG_STATE_CONTROL
+ bool "Enable CPU hotplug state control"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ depends on HOTPLUG_CPU
+ default n
+ help
+ Allows to write steps between "offline" and "online" to the CPUs
+ sysfs target file so states can be stepped granular. This is a debug
+ option for now as the hotplug machinery cannot be stopped and
+ restarted at arbitrary points yet.
+
+ Say N if your are unsure.
+
+config NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
+ tristate "Notifier error injection"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ select DEBUG_FS
+ help
+ This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to
+ specified notifier chain callbacks. It is useful to test the error
+ handling of notifier call chain failures.
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
+config PM_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT
+ tristate "PM notifier error injection module"
+ depends on PM && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
+ default m if PM_DEBUG
+ help
+ This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to
+ PM notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through debugfs
+ interface /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm
+
+ If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events
+ notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".
+
+ Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM)
+
+ # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/
+ # echo -12 > actions/PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE/error
+ # echo mem > /sys/power/state
+ bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
+
+ To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
+ be called pm-notifier-error-inject.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config OF_RECONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT
+ tristate "OF reconfig notifier error injection module"
+ depends on OF_DYNAMIC && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
+ help
+ This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to
+ OF reconfig notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled
+ through debugfs interface under
+ /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/OF-reconfig/
+
+ If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events
+ notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".
+
+ To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
+ be called of-reconfig-notifier-error-inject.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config NETDEV_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT
+ tristate "Netdev notifier error injection module"
+ depends on NET && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
+ help
+ This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to
+ netdevice notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through debugfs
+ interface /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/netdev
+
+ If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events
+ notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".
+
+ Example: Inject netdevice mtu change error (-22 = -EINVAL)
+
+ # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/netdev
+ # echo -22 > actions/NETDEV_CHANGEMTU/error
+ # ip link set eth0 mtu 1024
+ RTNETLINK answers: Invalid argument
+
+ To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
+ be called netdev-notifier-error-inject.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION
+ def_bool y
+ depends on HAVE_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION && KPROBES
+
+config FAULT_INJECTION
+ bool "Fault-injection framework"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection framework.
+ For more details, see Documentation/fault-injection/.
+
+config FAILSLAB
+ bool "Fault-injection capability for kmalloc"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION
+ depends on SLAB || SLUB
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection capability for kmalloc.
+
+config FAIL_PAGE_ALLOC
+ bool "Fault-injection capabilitiy for alloc_pages()"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection capability for alloc_pages().
+
+config FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
+ bool "Fault-injection capability for disk IO"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION && BLOCK
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection capability for disk IO.
+
+config FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
+ bool "Fault-injection capability for faking disk interrupts"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION && BLOCK
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection capability on end IO handling. This
+ will make the block layer "forget" an interrupt as configured,
+ thus exercising the error handling.
+
+ Only works with drivers that use the generic timeout handling,
+ for others it wont do anything.
+
+config FAIL_FUTEX
+ bool "Fault-injection capability for futexes"
+ select DEBUG_FS
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION && FUTEX
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection capability for futexes.
+
+config FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS
+ bool "Debugfs entries for fault-injection capabilities"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION && SYSFS && DEBUG_FS
+ help
+ Enable configuration of fault-injection capabilities via debugfs.
+
+config FAIL_FUNCTION
+ bool "Fault-injection capability for functions"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS && FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION
+ help
+ Provide function-based fault-injection capability.
+ This will allow you to override a specific function with a return
+ with given return value. As a result, function caller will see
+ an error value and have to handle it. This is useful to test the
+ error handling in various subsystems.
+
+config FAIL_MMC_REQUEST
+ bool "Fault-injection capability for MMC IO"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS && MMC
+ help
+ Provide fault-injection capability for MMC IO.
+ This will make the mmc core return data errors. This is
+ useful to test the error handling in the mmc block device
+ and to test how the mmc host driver handles retries from
+ the block device.
+
+config FAULT_INJECTION_STACKTRACE_FILTER
+ bool "stacktrace filter for fault-injection capabilities"
+ depends on FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
+ depends on !X86_64
+ select STACKTRACE
+ select FRAME_POINTER if !MIPS && !PPC && !S390 && !MICROBLAZE && !ARM_UNWIND && !ARC && !X86
+ help
+ Provide stacktrace filter for fault-injection capabilities
+
+config LATENCYTOP
+ bool "Latency measuring infrastructure"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ depends on STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
+ depends on PROC_FS
+ select FRAME_POINTER if !MIPS && !PPC && !S390 && !MICROBLAZE && !ARM_UNWIND && !ARC && !X86
+ select KALLSYMS
+ select KALLSYMS_ALL
+ select STACKTRACE
+ select SCHEDSTATS
+ select SCHED_DEBUG
+ help
+ Enable this option if you want to use the LatencyTOP tool
+ to find out which userspace is blocking on what kernel operations.
+
+source kernel/trace/Kconfig
+
+config PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
+ bool "Remote debugging over FireWire early on boot"
+ depends on PCI && X86
+ help
+ If you want to debug problems which hang or crash the kernel early
+ on boot and the crashing machine has a FireWire port, you can use
+ this feature to remotely access the memory of the crashed machine
+ over FireWire. This employs remote DMA as part of the OHCI1394
+ specification which is now the standard for FireWire controllers.
+
+ With remote DMA, you can monitor the printk buffer remotely using
+ firescope and access all memory below 4GB using fireproxy from gdb.
+ Even controlling a kernel debugger is possible using remote DMA.
+
+ Usage:
+
+ If ohci1394_dma=early is used as boot parameter, it will initialize
+ all OHCI1394 controllers which are found in the PCI config space.
+
+ As all changes to the FireWire bus such as enabling and disabling
+ devices cause a bus reset and thereby disable remote DMA for all
+ devices, be sure to have the cable plugged and FireWire enabled on
+ the debugging host before booting the debug target for debugging.
+
+ This code (~1k) is freed after boot. By then, the firewire stack
+ in charge of the OHCI-1394 controllers should be used instead.
+
+ See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more information.
+
+config DMA_API_DEBUG
+ bool "Enable debugging of DMA-API usage"
+ select NEED_DMA_MAP_STATE
+ help
+ Enable this option to debug the use of the DMA API by device drivers.
+ With this option you will be able to detect common bugs in device
+ drivers like double-freeing of DMA mappings or freeing mappings that
+ were never allocated.
+
+ This also attempts to catch cases where a page owned by DMA is
+ accessed by the cpu in a way that could cause data corruption. For
+ example, this enables cow_user_page() to check that the source page is
+ not undergoing DMA.
+
+ This option causes a performance degradation. Use only if you want to
+ debug device drivers and dma interactions.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config DMA_API_DEBUG_SG
+ bool "Debug DMA scatter-gather usage"
+ default y
+ depends on DMA_API_DEBUG
+ help
+ Perform extra checking that callers of dma_map_sg() have respected the
+ appropriate segment length/boundary limits for the given device when
+ preparing DMA scatterlists.
+
+ This is particularly likely to have been overlooked in cases where the
+ dma_map_sg() API is used for general bulk mapping of pages rather than
+ preparing literal scatter-gather descriptors, where there is a risk of
+ unexpected behaviour from DMA API implementations if the scatterlist
+ is technically out-of-spec.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+menuconfig RUNTIME_TESTING_MENU
+ bool "Runtime Testing"
+ def_bool y
+
+if RUNTIME_TESTING_MENU
+
+config LKDTM
+ tristate "Linux Kernel Dump Test Tool Module"
+ depends on DEBUG_FS
+ depends on BLOCK
+ help
+ This module enables testing of the different dumping mechanisms by
+ inducing system failures at predefined crash points.
+ If you don't need it: say N
+ Choose M here to compile this code as a module. The module will be
+ called lkdtm.
+
+ Documentation on how to use the module can be found in
+ Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt
+
+config TEST_LIST_SORT
+ tristate "Linked list sorting test"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL || m
+ help
+ Enable this to turn on 'list_sort()' function test. This test is
+ executed only once during system boot (so affects only boot time),
+ or at module load time.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_SORT
+ tristate "Array-based sort test"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL || m
+ help
+ This option enables the self-test function of 'sort()' at boot,
+ or at module load time.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config KPROBES_SANITY_TEST
+ bool "Kprobes sanity tests"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ depends on KPROBES
+ help
+ This option provides for testing basic kprobes functionality on
+ boot. Samples of kprobe and kretprobe are inserted and
+ verified for functionality.
+
+ Say N if you are unsure.
+
+config BACKTRACE_SELF_TEST
+ tristate "Self test for the backtrace code"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ This option provides a kernel module that can be used to test
+ the kernel stack backtrace code. This option is not useful
+ for distributions or general kernels, but only for kernel
+ developers working on architecture code.
+
+ Note that if you want to also test saved backtraces, you will
+ have to enable STACKTRACE as well.
+
+ Say N if you are unsure.
+
+config RBTREE_TEST
+ tristate "Red-Black tree test"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ A benchmark measuring the performance of the rbtree library.
+ Also includes rbtree invariant checks.
+
+config INTERVAL_TREE_TEST
+ tristate "Interval tree test"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ select INTERVAL_TREE
+ help
+ A benchmark measuring the performance of the interval tree library
+
+config PERCPU_TEST
+ tristate "Per cpu operations test"
+ depends on m && DEBUG_KERNEL
+ help
+ Enable this option to build test module which validates per-cpu
+ operations.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config ATOMIC64_SELFTEST
+ tristate "Perform an atomic64_t self-test"
+ help
+ Enable this option to test the atomic64_t functions at boot or
+ at module load time.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config ASYNC_RAID6_TEST
+ tristate "Self test for hardware accelerated raid6 recovery"
+ depends on ASYNC_RAID6_RECOV
+ select ASYNC_MEMCPY
+ ---help---
+ This is a one-shot self test that permutes through the
+ recovery of all the possible two disk failure scenarios for a
+ N-disk array. Recovery is performed with the asynchronous
+ raid6 recovery routines, and will optionally use an offload
+ engine if one is available.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_HEXDUMP
+ tristate "Test functions located in the hexdump module at runtime"
+
+config TEST_STRING_HELPERS
+ tristate "Test functions located in the string_helpers module at runtime"
+
+config TEST_KSTRTOX
+ tristate "Test kstrto*() family of functions at runtime"
+
+config TEST_PRINTF
+ tristate "Test printf() family of functions at runtime"
+
+config TEST_BITMAP
+ tristate "Test bitmap_*() family of functions at runtime"
+ help
+ Enable this option to test the bitmap functions at boot.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_BITFIELD
+ tristate "Test bitfield functions at runtime"
+ help
+ Enable this option to test the bitfield functions at boot.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_UUID
+ tristate "Test functions located in the uuid module at runtime"
+
+config TEST_OVERFLOW
+ tristate "Test check_*_overflow() functions at runtime"
+
+config TEST_RHASHTABLE
+ tristate "Perform selftest on resizable hash table"
+ help
+ Enable this option to test the rhashtable functions at boot.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_HASH
+ tristate "Perform selftest on hash functions"
+ help
+ Enable this option to test the kernel's integer (<linux/hash.h>),
+ string (<linux/stringhash.h>), and siphash (<linux/siphash.h>)
+ hash functions on boot (or module load).
+
+ This is intended to help people writing architecture-specific
+ optimized versions. If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_IDA
+ tristate "Perform selftest on IDA functions"
+
+config TEST_PARMAN
+ tristate "Perform selftest on priority array manager"
+ depends on PARMAN
+ help
+ Enable this option to test priority array manager on boot
+ (or module load).
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_LKM
+ tristate "Test module loading with 'hello world' module"
+ depends on m
+ help
+ This builds the "test_module" module that emits "Hello, world"
+ on printk when loaded. It is designed to be used for basic
+ evaluation of the module loading subsystem (for example when
+ validating module verification). It lacks any extra dependencies,
+ and will not normally be loaded by the system unless explicitly
+ requested by name.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_USER_COPY
+ tristate "Test user/kernel boundary protections"
+ depends on m
+ help
+ This builds the "test_user_copy" module that runs sanity checks
+ on the copy_to/from_user infrastructure, making sure basic
+ user/kernel boundary testing is working. If it fails to load,
+ a regression has been detected in the user/kernel memory boundary
+ protections.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_BPF
+ tristate "Test BPF filter functionality"
+ depends on m && NET
+ help
+ This builds the "test_bpf" module that runs various test vectors
+ against the BPF interpreter or BPF JIT compiler depending on the
+ current setting. This is in particular useful for BPF JIT compiler
+ development, but also to run regression tests against changes in
+ the interpreter code. It also enables test stubs for eBPF maps and
+ verifier used by user space verifier testsuite.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config FIND_BIT_BENCHMARK
+ tristate "Test find_bit functions"
+ help
+ This builds the "test_find_bit" module that measure find_*_bit()
+ functions performance.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_FIRMWARE
+ tristate "Test firmware loading via userspace interface"
+ depends on FW_LOADER
+ help
+ This builds the "test_firmware" module that creates a userspace
+ interface for testing firmware loading. This can be used to
+ control the triggering of firmware loading without needing an
+ actual firmware-using device. The contents can be rechecked by
+ userspace.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_SYSCTL
+ tristate "sysctl test driver"
+ depends on PROC_SYSCTL
+ help
+ This builds the "test_sysctl" module. This driver enables to test the
+ proc sysctl interfaces available to drivers safely without affecting
+ production knobs which might alter system functionality.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_UDELAY
+ tristate "udelay test driver"
+ help
+ This builds the "udelay_test" module that helps to make sure
+ that udelay() is working properly.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_STATIC_KEYS
+ tristate "Test static keys"
+ depends on m
+ help
+ Test the static key interfaces.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_KMOD
+ tristate "kmod stress tester"
+ depends on m
+ depends on BLOCK && (64BIT || LBDAF) # for XFS, BTRFS
+ depends on NETDEVICES && NET_CORE && INET # for TUN
+ select TEST_LKM
+ select XFS_FS
+ select TUN
+ select BTRFS_FS
+ help
+ Test the kernel's module loading mechanism: kmod. kmod implements
+ support to load modules using the Linux kernel's usermode helper.
+ This test provides a series of tests against kmod.
+
+ Although technically you can either build test_kmod as a module or
+ into the kernel we disallow building it into the kernel since
+ it stress tests request_module() and this will very likely cause
+ some issues by taking over precious threads available from other
+ module load requests, ultimately this could be fatal.
+
+ To run tests run:
+
+ tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh --help
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+config TEST_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
+ tristate "Test CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL feature"
+ depends on DEBUG_VIRTUAL
+ help
+ Test the kernel's ability to detect incorrect calls to
+ virt_to_phys() done against the non-linear part of the
+ kernel's virtual address map.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+endif # RUNTIME_TESTING_MENU
+
+config MEMTEST
+ bool "Memtest"
+ depends on HAVE_MEMBLOCK
+ ---help---
+ This option adds a kernel parameter 'memtest', which allows memtest
+ to be set.
+ memtest=0, mean disabled; -- default
+ memtest=1, mean do 1 test pattern;
+ ...
+ memtest=17, mean do 17 test patterns.
+ If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer N.
+
+config BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION
+ bool "Trigger a BUG when data corruption is detected"
+ select DEBUG_LIST
+ help
+ Select this option if the kernel should BUG when it encounters
+ data corruption in kernel memory structures when they get checked
+ for validity.
+
+ If unsure, say N.
+
+source "samples/Kconfig"
+
+source "lib/Kconfig.kgdb"
+
+source "lib/Kconfig.ubsan"
+
+config ARCH_HAS_DEVMEM_IS_ALLOWED
+ bool
+
+config STRICT_DEVMEM
+ bool "Filter access to /dev/mem"
+ depends on MMU && DEVMEM
+ depends on ARCH_HAS_DEVMEM_IS_ALLOWED
+ default y if PPC || X86 || ARM64
+ ---help---
+ If this option is disabled, you allow userspace (root) access to all
+ of memory, including kernel and userspace memory. Accidental
+ access to this is obviously disastrous, but specific access can
+ be used by people debugging the kernel. Note that with PAT support
+ enabled, even in this case there are restrictions on /dev/mem
+ use due to the cache aliasing requirements.
+
+ If this option is switched on, and IO_STRICT_DEVMEM=n, the /dev/mem
+ file only allows userspace access to PCI space and the BIOS code and
+ data regions. This is sufficient for dosemu and X and all common
+ users of /dev/mem.
+
+ If in doubt, say Y.
+
+config IO_STRICT_DEVMEM
+ bool "Filter I/O access to /dev/mem"
+ depends on STRICT_DEVMEM
+ ---help---
+ If this option is disabled, you allow userspace (root) access to all
+ io-memory regardless of whether a driver is actively using that
+ range. Accidental access to this is obviously disastrous, but
+ specific access can be used by people debugging kernel drivers.
+
+ If this option is switched on, the /dev/mem file only allows
+ userspace access to *idle* io-memory ranges (see /proc/iomem) This
+ may break traditional users of /dev/mem (dosemu, legacy X, etc...)
+ if the driver using a given range cannot be disabled.
+
+ If in doubt, say Y.
+
+source "arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig.debug"
+
+endmenu # Kernel hacking