v4.19.13 snapshot.
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c b/fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cc797a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c
@@ -0,0 +1,875 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/splice.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/fdtable.h>
+#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
+#include <linux/exportfs.h>
+#include "overlayfs.h"
+
+#define OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE (1 << 20)
+
+static int ovl_ccup_set(const char *buf, const struct kernel_param *param)
+{
+	pr_warn("overlayfs: \"check_copy_up\" module option is obsolete\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ovl_ccup_get(char *buf, const struct kernel_param *param)
+{
+	return sprintf(buf, "N\n");
+}
+
+module_param_call(check_copy_up, ovl_ccup_set, ovl_ccup_get, NULL, 0644);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ovl_check_copy_up, "Obsolete; does nothing");
+
+int ovl_copy_xattr(struct dentry *old, struct dentry *new)
+{
+	ssize_t list_size, size, value_size = 0;
+	char *buf, *name, *value = NULL;
+	int uninitialized_var(error);
+	size_t slen;
+
+	if (!(old->d_inode->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR) ||
+	    !(new->d_inode->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR))
+		return 0;
+
+	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, NULL, 0);
+	if (list_size <= 0) {
+		if (list_size == -EOPNOTSUPP)
+			return 0;
+		return list_size;
+	}
+
+	buf = kzalloc(list_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, buf, list_size);
+	if (list_size <= 0) {
+		error = list_size;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	for (name = buf; list_size; name += slen) {
+		slen = strnlen(name, list_size) + 1;
+
+		/* underlying fs providing us with an broken xattr list? */
+		if (WARN_ON(slen > list_size)) {
+			error = -EIO;
+			break;
+		}
+		list_size -= slen;
+
+		if (ovl_is_private_xattr(name))
+			continue;
+retry:
+		size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, value, value_size);
+		if (size == -ERANGE)
+			size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, NULL, 0);
+
+		if (size < 0) {
+			error = size;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (size > value_size) {
+			void *new;
+
+			new = krealloc(value, size, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!new) {
+				error = -ENOMEM;
+				break;
+			}
+			value = new;
+			value_size = size;
+			goto retry;
+		}
+
+		error = security_inode_copy_up_xattr(name);
+		if (error < 0 && error != -EOPNOTSUPP)
+			break;
+		if (error == 1) {
+			error = 0;
+			continue; /* Discard */
+		}
+		error = vfs_setxattr(new, name, value, size, 0);
+		if (error)
+			break;
+	}
+	kfree(value);
+out:
+	kfree(buf);
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_data(struct path *old, struct path *new, loff_t len)
+{
+	struct file *old_file;
+	struct file *new_file;
+	loff_t old_pos = 0;
+	loff_t new_pos = 0;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	if (len == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	old_file = ovl_path_open(old, O_LARGEFILE | O_RDONLY);
+	if (IS_ERR(old_file))
+		return PTR_ERR(old_file);
+
+	new_file = ovl_path_open(new, O_LARGEFILE | O_WRONLY);
+	if (IS_ERR(new_file)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(new_file);
+		goto out_fput;
+	}
+
+	/* Try to use clone_file_range to clone up within the same fs */
+	error = do_clone_file_range(old_file, 0, new_file, 0, len);
+	if (!error)
+		goto out;
+	/* Couldn't clone, so now we try to copy the data */
+	error = 0;
+
+	/* FIXME: copy up sparse files efficiently */
+	while (len) {
+		size_t this_len = OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE;
+		long bytes;
+
+		if (len < this_len)
+			this_len = len;
+
+		if (signal_pending_state(TASK_KILLABLE, current)) {
+			error = -EINTR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		bytes = do_splice_direct(old_file, &old_pos,
+					 new_file, &new_pos,
+					 this_len, SPLICE_F_MOVE);
+		if (bytes <= 0) {
+			error = bytes;
+			break;
+		}
+		WARN_ON(old_pos != new_pos);
+
+		len -= bytes;
+	}
+out:
+	if (!error)
+		error = vfs_fsync(new_file, 0);
+	fput(new_file);
+out_fput:
+	fput(old_file);
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int ovl_set_size(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	struct iattr attr = {
+		.ia_valid = ATTR_SIZE,
+		.ia_size = stat->size,
+	};
+
+	return notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+}
+
+static int ovl_set_timestamps(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	struct iattr attr = {
+		.ia_valid =
+		     ATTR_ATIME | ATTR_MTIME | ATTR_ATIME_SET | ATTR_MTIME_SET,
+		.ia_atime = stat->atime,
+		.ia_mtime = stat->mtime,
+	};
+
+	return notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+}
+
+int ovl_set_attr(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (!S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
+		struct iattr attr = {
+			.ia_valid = ATTR_MODE,
+			.ia_mode = stat->mode,
+		};
+		err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+	}
+	if (!err) {
+		struct iattr attr = {
+			.ia_valid = ATTR_UID | ATTR_GID,
+			.ia_uid = stat->uid,
+			.ia_gid = stat->gid,
+		};
+		err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+	}
+	if (!err)
+		ovl_set_timestamps(upperdentry, stat);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct ovl_fh *ovl_encode_real_fh(struct dentry *real, bool is_upper)
+{
+	struct ovl_fh *fh;
+	int fh_type, fh_len, dwords;
+	void *buf;
+	int buflen = MAX_HANDLE_SZ;
+	uuid_t *uuid = &real->d_sb->s_uuid;
+
+	buf = kmalloc(buflen, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/*
+	 * We encode a non-connectable file handle for non-dir, because we
+	 * only need to find the lower inode number and we don't want to pay
+	 * the price or reconnecting the dentry.
+	 */
+	dwords = buflen >> 2;
+	fh_type = exportfs_encode_fh(real, buf, &dwords, 0);
+	buflen = (dwords << 2);
+
+	fh = ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+	if (WARN_ON(fh_type < 0) ||
+	    WARN_ON(buflen > MAX_HANDLE_SZ) ||
+	    WARN_ON(fh_type == FILEID_INVALID))
+		goto out;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(MAX_HANDLE_SZ + offsetof(struct ovl_fh, fid) > 255);
+	fh_len = offsetof(struct ovl_fh, fid) + buflen;
+	fh = kmalloc(fh_len, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!fh) {
+		fh = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	fh->version = OVL_FH_VERSION;
+	fh->magic = OVL_FH_MAGIC;
+	fh->type = fh_type;
+	fh->flags = OVL_FH_FLAG_CPU_ENDIAN;
+	/*
+	 * When we will want to decode an overlay dentry from this handle
+	 * and all layers are on the same fs, if we get a disconncted real
+	 * dentry when we decode fid, the only way to tell if we should assign
+	 * it to upperdentry or to lowerstack is by checking this flag.
+	 */
+	if (is_upper)
+		fh->flags |= OVL_FH_FLAG_PATH_UPPER;
+	fh->len = fh_len;
+	fh->uuid = *uuid;
+	memcpy(fh->fid, buf, buflen);
+
+out:
+	kfree(buf);
+	return fh;
+}
+
+int ovl_set_origin(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *lower,
+		   struct dentry *upper)
+{
+	const struct ovl_fh *fh = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * When lower layer doesn't support export operations store a 'null' fh,
+	 * so we can use the overlay.origin xattr to distignuish between a copy
+	 * up and a pure upper inode.
+	 */
+	if (ovl_can_decode_fh(lower->d_sb)) {
+		fh = ovl_encode_real_fh(lower, false);
+		if (IS_ERR(fh))
+			return PTR_ERR(fh);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do not fail when upper doesn't support xattrs.
+	 */
+	err = ovl_check_setxattr(dentry, upper, OVL_XATTR_ORIGIN, fh,
+				 fh ? fh->len : 0, 0);
+	kfree(fh);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* Store file handle of @upper dir in @index dir entry */
+static int ovl_set_upper_fh(struct dentry *upper, struct dentry *index)
+{
+	const struct ovl_fh *fh;
+	int err;
+
+	fh = ovl_encode_real_fh(upper, true);
+	if (IS_ERR(fh))
+		return PTR_ERR(fh);
+
+	err = ovl_do_setxattr(index, OVL_XATTR_UPPER, fh, fh->len, 0);
+
+	kfree(fh);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create and install index entry.
+ *
+ * Caller must hold i_mutex on indexdir.
+ */
+static int ovl_create_index(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *origin,
+			    struct dentry *upper)
+{
+	struct dentry *indexdir = ovl_indexdir(dentry->d_sb);
+	struct inode *dir = d_inode(indexdir);
+	struct dentry *index = NULL;
+	struct dentry *temp = NULL;
+	struct qstr name = { };
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * For now this is only used for creating index entry for directories,
+	 * because non-dir are copied up directly to index and then hardlinked
+	 * to upper dir.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: implement create index for non-dir, so we can call it when
+	 * encoding file handle for non-dir in case index does not exist.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON(!d_is_dir(dentry)))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	/* Directory not expected to be indexed before copy up */
+	if (WARN_ON(ovl_test_flag(OVL_INDEX, d_inode(dentry))))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	err = ovl_get_index_name(origin, &name);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	temp = ovl_create_temp(indexdir, OVL_CATTR(S_IFDIR | 0));
+	err = PTR_ERR(temp);
+	if (IS_ERR(temp))
+		goto free_name;
+
+	err = ovl_set_upper_fh(upper, temp);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	index = lookup_one_len(name.name, indexdir, name.len);
+	if (IS_ERR(index)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(index);
+	} else {
+		err = ovl_do_rename(dir, temp, dir, index, 0);
+		dput(index);
+	}
+out:
+	if (err)
+		ovl_cleanup(dir, temp);
+	dput(temp);
+free_name:
+	kfree(name.name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct ovl_copy_up_ctx {
+	struct dentry *parent;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	struct path lowerpath;
+	struct kstat stat;
+	struct kstat pstat;
+	const char *link;
+	struct dentry *destdir;
+	struct qstr destname;
+	struct dentry *workdir;
+	bool tmpfile;
+	bool origin;
+	bool indexed;
+	bool metacopy;
+};
+
+static int ovl_link_up(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *upper;
+	struct dentry *upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(c->parent);
+	struct inode *udir = d_inode(upperdir);
+
+	/* Mark parent "impure" because it may now contain non-pure upper */
+	err = ovl_set_impure(c->parent, upperdir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = ovl_set_nlink_lower(c->dentry);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	inode_lock_nested(udir, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+	upper = lookup_one_len(c->dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
+			       c->dentry->d_name.len);
+	err = PTR_ERR(upper);
+	if (!IS_ERR(upper)) {
+		err = ovl_do_link(ovl_dentry_upper(c->dentry), udir, upper);
+		dput(upper);
+
+		if (!err) {
+			/* Restore timestamps on parent (best effort) */
+			ovl_set_timestamps(upperdir, &c->pstat);
+			ovl_dentry_set_upper_alias(c->dentry);
+		}
+	}
+	inode_unlock(udir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = ovl_set_nlink_upper(c->dentry);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_install_temp(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c, struct dentry *temp,
+			    struct dentry **newdentry)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *upper;
+	struct inode *udir = d_inode(c->destdir);
+
+	upper = lookup_one_len(c->destname.name, c->destdir, c->destname.len);
+	if (IS_ERR(upper))
+		return PTR_ERR(upper);
+
+	if (c->tmpfile)
+		err = ovl_do_link(temp, udir, upper);
+	else
+		err = ovl_do_rename(d_inode(c->workdir), temp, udir, upper, 0);
+
+	if (!err)
+		*newdentry = dget(c->tmpfile ? upper : temp);
+	dput(upper);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ovl_get_tmpfile(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *temp;
+	const struct cred *old_creds = NULL;
+	struct cred *new_creds = NULL;
+	struct ovl_cattr cattr = {
+		/* Can't properly set mode on creation because of the umask */
+		.mode = c->stat.mode & S_IFMT,
+		.rdev = c->stat.rdev,
+		.link = c->link
+	};
+
+	err = security_inode_copy_up(c->dentry, &new_creds);
+	temp = ERR_PTR(err);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (new_creds)
+		old_creds = override_creds(new_creds);
+
+	if (c->tmpfile)
+		temp = ovl_do_tmpfile(c->workdir, c->stat.mode);
+	else
+		temp = ovl_create_temp(c->workdir, &cattr);
+out:
+	if (new_creds) {
+		revert_creds(old_creds);
+		put_cred(new_creds);
+	}
+
+	return temp;
+}
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_inode(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c, struct dentry *temp)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_xattr(c->lowerpath.dentry, temp);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Store identifier of lower inode in upper inode xattr to
+	 * allow lookup of the copy up origin inode.
+	 *
+	 * Don't set origin when we are breaking the association with a lower
+	 * hard link.
+	 */
+	if (c->origin) {
+		err = ovl_set_origin(c->dentry, c->lowerpath.dentry, temp);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISREG(c->stat.mode) && !c->metacopy) {
+		struct path upperpath, datapath;
+
+		ovl_path_upper(c->dentry, &upperpath);
+		BUG_ON(upperpath.dentry != NULL);
+		upperpath.dentry = temp;
+
+		ovl_path_lowerdata(c->dentry, &datapath);
+		err = ovl_copy_up_data(&datapath, &upperpath, c->stat.size);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (c->metacopy) {
+		err = ovl_check_setxattr(c->dentry, temp, OVL_XATTR_METACOPY,
+					 NULL, 0, -EOPNOTSUPP);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	inode_lock(temp->d_inode);
+	if (c->metacopy)
+		err = ovl_set_size(temp, &c->stat);
+	if (!err)
+		err = ovl_set_attr(temp, &c->stat);
+	inode_unlock(temp->d_inode);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_locked(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c)
+{
+	struct inode *udir = c->destdir->d_inode;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct dentry *newdentry = NULL;
+	struct dentry *temp;
+	int err;
+
+	temp = ovl_get_tmpfile(c);
+	if (IS_ERR(temp))
+		return PTR_ERR(temp);
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up_inode(c, temp);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(c->stat.mode) && c->indexed) {
+		err = ovl_create_index(c->dentry, c->lowerpath.dentry, temp);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (c->tmpfile) {
+		inode_lock_nested(udir, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+		err = ovl_install_temp(c, temp, &newdentry);
+		inode_unlock(udir);
+	} else {
+		err = ovl_install_temp(c, temp, &newdentry);
+	}
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (!c->metacopy)
+		ovl_set_upperdata(d_inode(c->dentry));
+	inode = d_inode(c->dentry);
+	ovl_inode_update(inode, newdentry);
+	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+		ovl_set_flag(OVL_WHITEOUTS, inode);
+
+out:
+	if (err && !c->tmpfile)
+		ovl_cleanup(d_inode(c->workdir), temp);
+	dput(temp);
+	return err;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy up a single dentry
+ *
+ * All renames start with copy up of source if necessary.  The actual
+ * rename will only proceed once the copy up was successful.  Copy up uses
+ * upper parent i_mutex for exclusion.  Since rename can change d_parent it
+ * is possible that the copy up will lock the old parent.  At that point
+ * the file will have already been copied up anyway.
+ */
+static int ovl_do_copy_up(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = c->dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	bool to_index = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * Indexed non-dir is copied up directly to the index entry and then
+	 * hardlinked to upper dir. Indexed dir is copied up to indexdir,
+	 * then index entry is created and then copied up dir installed.
+	 * Copying dir up to indexdir instead of workdir simplifies locking.
+	 */
+	if (ovl_need_index(c->dentry)) {
+		c->indexed = true;
+		if (S_ISDIR(c->stat.mode))
+			c->workdir = ovl_indexdir(c->dentry->d_sb);
+		else
+			to_index = true;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(c->stat.mode) || c->stat.nlink == 1 || to_index)
+		c->origin = true;
+
+	if (to_index) {
+		c->destdir = ovl_indexdir(c->dentry->d_sb);
+		err = ovl_get_index_name(c->lowerpath.dentry, &c->destname);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	} else if (WARN_ON(!c->parent)) {
+		/* Disconnected dentry must be copied up to index dir */
+		return -EIO;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Mark parent "impure" because it may now contain non-pure
+		 * upper
+		 */
+		err = ovl_set_impure(c->parent, c->destdir);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* Should we copyup with O_TMPFILE or with workdir? */
+	if (S_ISREG(c->stat.mode) && ofs->tmpfile) {
+		c->tmpfile = true;
+		err = ovl_copy_up_locked(c);
+	} else {
+		err = ovl_lock_rename_workdir(c->workdir, c->destdir);
+		if (!err) {
+			err = ovl_copy_up_locked(c);
+			unlock_rename(c->workdir, c->destdir);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (c->indexed)
+		ovl_set_flag(OVL_INDEX, d_inode(c->dentry));
+
+	if (to_index) {
+		/* Initialize nlink for copy up of disconnected dentry */
+		err = ovl_set_nlink_upper(c->dentry);
+	} else {
+		struct inode *udir = d_inode(c->destdir);
+
+		/* Restore timestamps on parent (best effort) */
+		inode_lock(udir);
+		ovl_set_timestamps(c->destdir, &c->pstat);
+		inode_unlock(udir);
+
+		ovl_dentry_set_upper_alias(c->dentry);
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (to_index)
+		kfree(c->destname.name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static bool ovl_need_meta_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
+				  int flags)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	if (!ofs->config.metacopy)
+		return false;
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(mode))
+		return false;
+
+	if (flags && ((OPEN_FMODE(flags) & FMODE_WRITE) || (flags & O_TRUNC)))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/* Copy up data of an inode which was copied up metadata only in the past. */
+static int ovl_copy_up_meta_inode_data(struct ovl_copy_up_ctx *c)
+{
+	struct path upperpath, datapath;
+	int err;
+
+	ovl_path_upper(c->dentry, &upperpath);
+	if (WARN_ON(upperpath.dentry == NULL))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	ovl_path_lowerdata(c->dentry, &datapath);
+	if (WARN_ON(datapath.dentry == NULL))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up_data(&datapath, &upperpath, c->stat.size);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = vfs_removexattr(upperpath.dentry, OVL_XATTR_METACOPY);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	ovl_set_upperdata(d_inode(c->dentry));
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_one(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
+			   int flags)
+{
+	int err;
+	DEFINE_DELAYED_CALL(done);
+	struct path parentpath;
+	struct ovl_copy_up_ctx ctx = {
+		.parent = parent,
+		.dentry = dentry,
+		.workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry),
+	};
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!ctx.workdir))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	ovl_path_lower(dentry, &ctx.lowerpath);
+	err = vfs_getattr(&ctx.lowerpath, &ctx.stat,
+			  STATX_BASIC_STATS, AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	ctx.metacopy = ovl_need_meta_copy_up(dentry, ctx.stat.mode, flags);
+
+	if (parent) {
+		ovl_path_upper(parent, &parentpath);
+		ctx.destdir = parentpath.dentry;
+		ctx.destname = dentry->d_name;
+
+		err = vfs_getattr(&parentpath, &ctx.pstat,
+				  STATX_ATIME | STATX_MTIME,
+				  AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* maybe truncate regular file. this has no effect on dirs */
+	if (flags & O_TRUNC)
+		ctx.stat.size = 0;
+
+	if (S_ISLNK(ctx.stat.mode)) {
+		ctx.link = vfs_get_link(ctx.lowerpath.dentry, &done);
+		if (IS_ERR(ctx.link))
+			return PTR_ERR(ctx.link);
+	}
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up_start(dentry, flags);
+	/* err < 0: interrupted, err > 0: raced with another copy-up */
+	if (unlikely(err)) {
+		if (err > 0)
+			err = 0;
+	} else {
+		if (!ovl_dentry_upper(dentry))
+			err = ovl_do_copy_up(&ctx);
+		if (!err && parent && !ovl_dentry_has_upper_alias(dentry))
+			err = ovl_link_up(&ctx);
+		if (!err && ovl_dentry_needs_data_copy_up_locked(dentry, flags))
+			err = ovl_copy_up_meta_inode_data(&ctx);
+		ovl_copy_up_end(dentry);
+	}
+	do_delayed_call(&done);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ovl_copy_up_flags(struct dentry *dentry, int flags)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	const struct cred *old_cred = ovl_override_creds(dentry->d_sb);
+	bool disconnected = (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_DISCONNECTED);
+
+	/*
+	 * With NFS export, copy up can get called for a disconnected non-dir.
+	 * In this case, we will copy up lower inode to index dir without
+	 * linking it to upper dir.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON(disconnected && d_is_dir(dentry)))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	while (!err) {
+		struct dentry *next;
+		struct dentry *parent = NULL;
+
+		if (ovl_already_copied_up(dentry, flags))
+			break;
+
+		next = dget(dentry);
+		/* find the topmost dentry not yet copied up */
+		for (; !disconnected;) {
+			parent = dget_parent(next);
+
+			if (ovl_dentry_upper(parent))
+				break;
+
+			dput(next);
+			next = parent;
+		}
+
+		err = ovl_copy_up_one(parent, next, flags);
+
+		dput(parent);
+		dput(next);
+	}
+	revert_creds(old_cred);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static bool ovl_open_need_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry, int flags)
+{
+	/* Copy up of disconnected dentry does not set upper alias */
+	if (ovl_already_copied_up(dentry, flags))
+		return false;
+
+	if (special_file(d_inode(dentry)->i_mode))
+		return false;
+
+	if (!ovl_open_flags_need_copy_up(flags))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+int ovl_open_maybe_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int file_flags)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (ovl_open_need_copy_up(dentry, file_flags)) {
+		err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+		if (!err) {
+			err = ovl_copy_up_flags(dentry, file_flags);
+			ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ovl_copy_up_with_data(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return ovl_copy_up_flags(dentry, O_WRONLY);
+}
+
+int ovl_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return ovl_copy_up_flags(dentry, 0);
+}