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+.. _kernelparameters:
+
+The kernel's command-line parameters
+====================================
+
+The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as
+implemented by the __setup(), core_param() and module_param() macros
+and sorted into English Dictionary order (defined as ignoring all
+punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a case insensitive
+manner), and with descriptions where known.
+
+The kernel parses parameters from the kernel command line up to "--";
+if it doesn't recognize a parameter and it doesn't contain a '.', the
+parameter gets passed to init: parameters with '=' go into init's
+environment, others are passed as command line arguments to init.
+Everything after "--" is passed as an argument to init.
+
+Module parameters can be specified in two ways: via the kernel command
+line with a module name prefix, or via modprobe, e.g.::
+
+ (kernel command line) usbcore.blinkenlights=1
+ (modprobe command line) modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
+
+Parameters for modules which are built into the kernel need to be
+specified on the kernel command line. modprobe looks through the
+kernel command line (/proc/cmdline) and collects module parameters
+when it loads a module, so the kernel command line can be used for
+loadable modules too.
+
+Hyphens (dashes) and underscores are equivalent in parameter names, so::
+
+ log_buf_len=1M print-fatal-signals=1
+
+can also be entered as::
+
+ log-buf-len=1M print_fatal_signals=1
+
+Double-quotes can be used to protect spaces in values, e.g.::
+
+ param="spaces in here"
+
+cpu lists:
+----------
+
+Some kernel parameters take a list of CPUs as a value, e.g. isolcpus,
+nohz_full, irqaffinity, rcu_nocbs. The format of this list is:
+
+ <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
+
+or
+
+ <cpu number>-<cpu number>
+ (must be a positive range in ascending order)
+
+or a mixture
+
+<cpu number>,...,<cpu number>-<cpu number>
+
+Note that for the special case of a range one can split the range into equal
+sized groups and for each group use some amount from the beginning of that
+group:
+
+ <cpu number>-cpu number>:<used size>/<group size>
+
+For example one can add to the command line following parameter:
+
+ isolcpus=1,2,10-20,100-2000:2/25
+
+where the final item represents CPUs 100,101,125,126,150,151,...
+
+
+
+This document may not be entirely up to date and comprehensive. The command
+"modinfo -p ${modulename}" shows a current list of all parameters of a loadable
+module. Loadable modules, after being loaded into the running kernel, also
+reveal their parameters in /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/. Some of these
+parameters may be changed at runtime by the command
+``echo -n ${value} > /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/${parm}``.
+
+The parameters listed below are only valid if certain kernel build options were
+enabled and if respective hardware is present. The text in square brackets at
+the beginning of each description states the restrictions within which a
+parameter is applicable::
+
+ ACPI ACPI support is enabled.
+ AGP AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) is enabled.
+ ALSA ALSA sound support is enabled.
+ APIC APIC support is enabled.
+ APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
+ ARM ARM architecture is enabled.
+ AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
+ CLK Common clock infrastructure is enabled.
+ CMA Contiguous Memory Area support is enabled.
+ DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
+ DYNAMIC_DEBUG Build in debug messages and enable them at runtime
+ EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
+ EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
+ EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
+ EVM Extended Verification Module
+ FB The frame buffer device is enabled.
+ FTRACE Function tracing enabled.
+ GCOV GCOV profiling is enabled.
+ HW Appropriate hardware is enabled.
+ IA-64 IA-64 architecture is enabled.
+ IMA Integrity measurement architecture is enabled.
+ IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
+ IP_PNP IP DHCP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
+ IPV6 IPv6 support is enabled.
+ ISAPNP ISA PnP code is enabled.
+ ISDN Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
+ ISOL CPU Isolation is enabled.
+ JOY Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
+ KGDB Kernel debugger support is enabled.
+ KVM Kernel Virtual Machine support is enabled.
+ LIBATA Libata driver is enabled
+ LP Printer support is enabled.
+ LOOP Loopback device support is enabled.
+ M68k M68k architecture is enabled.
+ These options have more detailed description inside of
+ Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
+ MDA MDA console support is enabled.
+ MIPS MIPS architecture is enabled.
+ MOUSE Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
+ MSI Message Signaled Interrupts (PCI).
+ MTD MTD (Memory Technology Device) support is enabled.
+ NET Appropriate network support is enabled.
+ NUMA NUMA support is enabled.
+ NFS Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
+ OSS OSS sound support is enabled.
+ PV_OPS A paravirtualized kernel is enabled.
+ PARIDE The ParIDE (parallel port IDE) subsystem is enabled.
+ PARISC The PA-RISC architecture is enabled.
+ PCI PCI bus support is enabled.
+ PCIE PCI Express support is enabled.
+ PCMCIA The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
+ PNP Plug & Play support is enabled.
+ PPC PowerPC architecture is enabled.
+ PPT Parallel port support is enabled.
+ PS2 Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
+ RAM RAM disk support is enabled.
+ RDT Intel Resource Director Technology.
+ S390 S390 architecture is enabled.
+ SCSI Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
+ A lot of drivers have their options described inside
+ the Documentation/scsi/ sub-directory.
+ SECURITY Different security models are enabled.
+ SELINUX SELinux support is enabled.
+ APPARMOR AppArmor support is enabled.
+ SERIAL Serial support is enabled.
+ SH SuperH architecture is enabled.
+ SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel.
+ SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled.
+ SWSUSP Software suspend (hibernation) is enabled.
+ SUSPEND System suspend states are enabled.
+ TPM TPM drivers are enabled.
+ TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
+ UMS USB Mass Storage support is enabled.
+ USB USB support is enabled.
+ USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled.
+ V4L Video For Linux support is enabled.
+ VMMIO Driver for memory mapped virtio devices is enabled.
+ VGA The VGA console has been enabled.
+ VT Virtual terminal support is enabled.
+ WDT Watchdog support is enabled.
+ XT IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
+ X86-32 X86-32, aka i386 architecture is enabled.
+ X86-64 X86-64 architecture is enabled.
+ More X86-64 boot options can be found in
+ Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt .
+ X86 Either 32-bit or 64-bit x86 (same as X86-32+X86-64)
+ X86_UV SGI UV support is enabled.
+ XEN Xen support is enabled
+
+In addition, the following text indicates that the option::
+
+ BUGS= Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
+ KNL Is a kernel start-up parameter.
+ BOOT Is a boot loader parameter.
+
+Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
+loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
+Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
+need or coordination with <Documentation/x86/boot.txt>.
+
+There are also arch-specific kernel-parameters not documented here.
+See for example <Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt>.
+
+Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
+a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
+be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
+it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
+running once the system is up.
+
+The number of kernel parameters is not limited, but the length of the
+complete command line (parameters including spaces etc.) is limited to
+a fixed number of characters. This limit depends on the architecture
+and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
+./include/asm/setup.h as COMMAND_LINE_SIZE.
+
+Finally, the [KMG] suffix is commonly described after a number of kernel
+parameter values. These 'K', 'M', and 'G' letters represent the _binary_
+multipliers 'Kilo', 'Mega', and 'Giga', equaling 2^10, 2^20, and 2^30
+bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted:
+
+.. include:: kernel-parameters.txt
+ :literal:
+
+Todo
+----
+
+ Add more DRM drivers.