Add memory pool.

This is in preparation for replacing the existing allocator.

Change-Id: I3d6b01ee07be248f02336b8d7756883a9eeace85
diff --git a/src/mpool_test.cc b/src/mpool_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5cc7fe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mpool_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018 Google LLC
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <stdalign.h>
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+
+extern "C" {
+#include "hf/mpool.h"
+}
+
+namespace
+{
+using ::testing::IsNull;
+using ::testing::NotNull;
+
+/**
+ * Checks that the given allocations come from the given chunks.
+ */
+bool check_allocs(std::vector<std::unique_ptr<char[]>>& chunks,
+		  std::vector<uintptr_t>& allocs, size_t entries_per_chunk,
+		  size_t entry_size)
+{
+	size_t i, j;
+
+	if (allocs.size() != chunks.size() * entries_per_chunk) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	sort(allocs.begin(), allocs.end());
+	sort(chunks.begin(), chunks.end(),
+	     [](const std::unique_ptr<char[]>& a,
+		const std::unique_ptr<char[]>& b) {
+		     return a.get() < b.get();
+	     });
+
+	for (i = 0; i < chunks.size(); i++) {
+		if ((uintptr_t)chunks[i].get() !=
+		    allocs[i * entries_per_chunk]) {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		for (j = 1; j < entries_per_chunk; j++) {
+			size_t k = i * entries_per_chunk + j;
+			if (allocs[k] != allocs[k - 1] + entry_size) {
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add chunks to the given mem pool and chunk vector.
+ */
+static void add_chunks(std::vector<std::unique_ptr<char[]>>& chunks,
+		       struct mpool* p, size_t count, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		chunks.emplace_back(std::make_unique<char[]>(size));
+		mpool_add_chunk(p, chunks.back().get(), size);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates allocations from a memory pool.
+ */
+TEST(mpool, allocation)
+{
+	struct mpool p;
+	constexpr size_t entry_size = 16;
+	constexpr size_t entries_per_chunk = 10;
+	constexpr size_t chunk_count = 10;
+	std::vector<std::unique_ptr<char[]>> chunks;
+	std::vector<uintptr_t> allocs;
+	void* ret;
+
+	mpool_init(&p, entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate from an empty pool. */
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), IsNull());
+
+	/*
+	 * Add a chunk that is too small, it should be ignored, and allocation
+	 * should return NULL.
+	 */
+	mpool_add_chunk(&p, NULL, entry_size - 1);
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), IsNull());
+
+	/* Allocate a number of chunks and add them to the pool. */
+	add_chunks(chunks, &p, chunk_count, entries_per_chunk * entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate from the pool until we run out of memory. */
+	while ((ret = mpool_alloc(&p))) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	}
+
+	/* Check that returned entries are within chunks that were added. */
+	ASSERT_THAT(check_allocs(chunks, allocs, entries_per_chunk, entry_size),
+		    true);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates frees into a memory pool.
+ */
+TEST(mpool, freeing)
+{
+	struct mpool p;
+	constexpr size_t entry_size = 16;
+	constexpr size_t entries_per_chunk = 10;
+	constexpr size_t chunk_count = 10;
+	std::vector<std::unique_ptr<char[]>> chunks;
+	std::vector<uintptr_t> allocs;
+	size_t i;
+	alignas(entry_size) char entry[entry_size];
+	void* ret;
+
+	mpool_init(&p, entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate from an empty pool. */
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), IsNull());
+
+	/* Free an entry into the pool, then allocate it back. */
+	mpool_free(&p, &entry[0]);
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), (void*)&entry[0]);
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), IsNull());
+
+	/* Allocate a number of chunks and add them to the pool. */
+	add_chunks(chunks, &p, chunk_count, entries_per_chunk * entry_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Free again into the pool. Ensure that we get entry back on next
+	 * allocation instead of something from the chunks.
+	 */
+	mpool_free(&p, &entry[0]);
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), (void*)&entry[0]);
+
+	/* Allocate from the pool until we run out of memory. */
+	while ((ret = mpool_alloc(&p))) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Free again into the pool. Ensure that we get entry back on next
+	 * allocation instead of something from the chunks.
+	 */
+	mpool_free(&p, &entry[0]);
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), (void*)&entry[0]);
+
+	/* Add entries back to the pool by freeing them. */
+	for (i = 0; i < allocs.size(); i++) {
+		mpool_free(&p, (void*)allocs[i]);
+	}
+	allocs.clear();
+
+	/* Allocate from the pool until we run out of memory. */
+	while ((ret = mpool_alloc(&p))) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	}
+
+	/* Check that returned entries are within chunks that were added. */
+	ASSERT_THAT(check_allocs(chunks, allocs, entries_per_chunk, entry_size),
+		    true);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialises a memory pool from an existing one.
+ */
+TEST(mpool, init_from)
+{
+	struct mpool p, q;
+	constexpr size_t entry_size = 16;
+	constexpr size_t entries_per_chunk = 10;
+	constexpr size_t chunk_count = 10;
+	std::vector<std::unique_ptr<char[]>> chunks;
+	std::vector<uintptr_t> allocs;
+	size_t i;
+	void* ret;
+
+	mpool_init(&p, entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate a number of chunks and add them to the pool. */
+	add_chunks(chunks, &p, chunk_count, entries_per_chunk * entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate half of the elements. */
+	for (i = 0; i < entries_per_chunk * chunk_count / 2; i++) {
+		void* ret = mpool_alloc(&p);
+		ASSERT_THAT(ret, NotNull());
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	}
+
+	/* Add entries back to the pool by freeing them. */
+	for (i = 0; i < allocs.size(); i++) {
+		mpool_free(&p, (void*)allocs[i]);
+	}
+	allocs.clear();
+
+	/* Initialise q from p. */
+	mpool_init_from(&q, &p);
+
+	/* Allocation from p must now fail. */
+	EXPECT_THAT(mpool_alloc(&p), IsNull());
+
+	/* Allocate from q until we run out of memory. */
+	while ((ret = mpool_alloc(&q))) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	}
+
+	/* Check that returned entries are within chunks that were added. */
+	ASSERT_THAT(check_allocs(chunks, allocs, entries_per_chunk, entry_size),
+		    true);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialises a memory pool from an existing one.
+ */
+TEST(mpool, alloc_contiguous)
+{
+	struct mpool p;
+	constexpr size_t entry_size = 16;
+	constexpr size_t entries_per_chunk = 10;
+	constexpr size_t chunk_count = 10;
+	std::vector<std::unique_ptr<char[]>> chunks;
+	std::vector<uintptr_t> allocs;
+	size_t i;
+	void* ret;
+	uintptr_t next;
+
+	mpool_init(&p, entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate a number of chunks and add them to the pool. */
+	add_chunks(chunks, &p, chunk_count, entries_per_chunk * entry_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate entries until the remaining chunk is aligned to 2 entries,
+	 * but not aligned to 4 entries.
+	 */
+	do {
+		ret = mpool_alloc(&p);
+		ASSERT_THAT(ret, NotNull());
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+		next = (uintptr_t)ret / entry_size + 1;
+	} while ((next % 4) != 2);
+
+	/* Allocate 5 entries with an alignment of 4. So two must be skipped. */
+	ret = mpool_alloc_contiguous(&p, 5, 4);
+	ASSERT_THAT(ret, NotNull());
+	ASSERT_THAT((uintptr_t)ret, (next + 2) * entry_size);
+	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret + i * entry_size);
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate a whole chunk. */
+	ret = mpool_alloc_contiguous(&p, entries_per_chunk, 1);
+	ASSERT_THAT(ret, NotNull());
+	for (i = 0; i < entries_per_chunk; i++) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret + i * entry_size);
+	}
+
+	/* Allocate 2 entries that are already aligned. */
+	ret = mpool_alloc_contiguous(&p, 2, 1);
+	ASSERT_THAT(ret, NotNull());
+	allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret + entry_size);
+
+	/* Allocate from p until we run out of memory. */
+	while ((ret = mpool_alloc(&p))) {
+		allocs.push_back((uintptr_t)ret);
+	}
+
+	/* Check that returned entries are within chunks that were added. */
+	ASSERT_THAT(check_allocs(chunks, allocs, entries_per_chunk, entry_size),
+		    true);
+}
+
+} /* namespace */